基于红外热成像技术探讨扶正温阳法对阳虚体质的影响

目的 基于红外热成像技术探讨“扶正温阳法”对阳虚质的影响，探讨阳虚质者红外热图的共性规律，分析判断“扶正温阳法”干预阳虚质人群的疗效。方法 纳入30例阳虚质患者给予益气温阳药物在大椎、肾俞（双侧）、命门等进行穴位贴敷，分别在干预前后运用红外热成像技术测定督脉、腰部、腹部、双手及双足局部温度的变化。结果 干预后阳虚体质患者的督脉、腰部、腹部、双手、双足温度均升高（P<0.05），阳虚体质局部温度得以改善。结论 本研究发现“扶正温阳法”可诱发循经热传导现象，通过调节热能代谢而起到调治阳虚体质的作用，红外热成像技术可用来辅助评价阳虚质的治疗效果，对临床指导制定阳虚质人群的干预方案疗效判定具有指导意义。     

“阳化气，阴成形”：卵巢癌的中医证治

卵巢癌属于妇科恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率逐年上升趋势,属中医的"癥瘕"范畴。秉承《素问》"阳化气,阴成形"之旨来探讨卵巢癌的病机及治疗,认为"阳化气"不足,"阴成形"太过为卵巢癌发病的一个重要原因,并由此提出温补阳气的卵巢癌治疗原则,指出该原则应贯穿整个卵巢癌治疗的始终。     

温针灸阳陵泉穴治疗膝关节骨性关节炎临床疗效观察

目的:观察温针灸阳陵泉穴治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法:将2015年1月至2019年1月本院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者120例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组给予等速肌力训练治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用温针灸阳陵泉穴治疗。观察两组患者膝关节屈曲度、伸直度,白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6及IL-18水平,VAS评分及膝关节症状和功能评分。结果:观察组治疗后屈曲度及伸直度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后IL-6及IL-18水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后症状和功能评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组有效率95.0%,对照组有效率83.3%,观察组有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:温针灸阳陵泉穴治疗膝关节骨性关节炎,可有效改善患者膝关节活动度,降低炎症因子,减轻疼痛,提高临床疗效。     

浅谈“从温治咳”

咳嗽病因病机复杂多变,宣降失司、肺气上逆是发病的关键。外感咳嗽,辛温与宣降并用,驱邪理肺,宣畅气机,则咳止;内伤致咳,温补肺脾肾三脏,通调水道,排除多余水液,使痰无由生,又可调畅气机,从而减少咳嗽;感染后咳嗽为本虚标实,宜重温阳润肺,则余邪自散,咳嗽得止;素体阳虚者,当温补脾肾,使邪气无由生,咳嗽无由发。因此,对于临床常见症状咳嗽的治疗,应重视温法的应用,然切记以正确辨证为前提,不可一味温补。     

补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗重症肌无力疗效及对患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗对重症肌无力(MG)疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法:随机分配84例MG病例为西药组和针药组,每组各42例,西药组给予常规西药治疗,即泼尼松片中剂量冲击,小剂量隔日维持治疗,针药组基于以上用药基础给予补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗,治疗3个月后,统计两组治疗前后的中医证候积分,评估两组中医证候疗效,对比治疗前后的颈部血管流速、T淋巴细胞亚群水平和血清可溶性白细胞介素6受体水平。结果:治疗后,两组中医证候积分显著降低,针药组的变化幅度大于西药组(P<0.05); 针药组的中医证候总有效率低于西药组(P<0.05); 治疗后,两组颈内动脉(ICA)、颈总动脉(CCA)、颈外动脉(ECA)显著提高(P<0.05),两组T淋巴细胞中CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺亚群所占比和CD₈⁺、CD₄⁺比值显著降低(P<0.05),两组血清slL-6R水平均显著降低(P<0.05),以上指标针药组变化幅度大于西药组(P<0.05)。结论:补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗能缓解MG患者的中医证候症状,提高疗效,促进其颈部血管循环,纠正患者自身机体免疫功能紊乱。     

Lung cancer incidence in young women vs. young men: A systematic analysis in 40 countries

Previous studies have reported converging lung cancer rates between sexes. We examine lung cancer incidence rates in young women vs. young men in 40 countries across five continents. Lung and bronchial cancer cases by 5-year age group (ages 30–64) and 5-year calendar period (1993–2012) were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Female-to-male incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated by age group and birth cohort. Among men, age-specific lung cancer incidence rates generally decreased in all countries, while in women the rates varied across countries with the trends in most countries stable or declining, albeit at a slower pace compared to those in men. As a result, the female-to-male IRRs increased among recent birth cohorts, with IRRs significantly greater than unity in Canada, Denmark, Germany, New Zealand, the Netherlands and the United States. For example, the IRRs in ages 45–49 year in the Netherlands increased from 0.7 (95% CI: 0.6–0.8) to 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4–1.7) in those born circa 1948 and 1963, respectively. Similar patterns, though nonsignificant, were found in 23 additional countries. These crossovers were largely driven by increasing adenocarcinoma incidence rates in women. For those countries with historical smoking data, smoking prevalence in women approached, but rarely exceeded, those of men. In conclusion, the emerging higher lung cancer incidence rates in young women compared to young men is widespread and not fully explained by sex differences in smoking patterns. Future studies are needed to identify reasons for the elevated incidence of lung cancer among young women.     

Low-dose l-isoproterenol versus salbutamol in hospitalized pediatric patients with severe acute exacerbation of asthma: A double-blind,randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAlthough the guidelines in most countries do not recommend continuous inhalation of l-isoproterenol to treat pediatric patients with acute severe exacerbation of asthma, lower dose of l-isoproterenol has been widely used in Japan. To determine whether the efficacy of low-dose l-isoproterenol was superior to that of salbutamol, we conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.MethodsHospitalized patients aged 1–17 years were eligible if they had severe asthma exacerbation defined by the modified pulmonary index score (MPIS). Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive inhalation of l-isoproterenol (10 μg/kg/h) or salbutamol (500 μg/kg/h) for 12 hours via a large-volume nebulizer with oxygen. The primary outcome was the change in MPIS from baseline to 3 hours after starting inhalation. Trial registration number UMIN000001991.ResultsFrom December 2009 to October 2013, 83 patients (42 in the l-isoproterenol group and 41 in the salbutamol group) were enrolled into the study. Of these, one patient in the l-isoproterenol group did not receive the study drug and was excluded from the analysis. Compared with salbutamol, l-isoproterenol reduced MPIS more rapidly. Mean (SD) changes in MPIS at 3 hours were −2.9 (2.5) in the l-isoproterenol group and −0.9 (2.3) in the salbutamol group (difference −2.0, 95% confidence interval −3.1 to −0.9; P < 0.001). Adverse events occurred in 1 (2%) and 11 (27%) patients in the l-isoproterenol and salbutamol groups, respectively (P = 0.003). Hypokalemia and tachycardia occurred only in the salbutamol group.ConclusionsLow-dose l-isoproterenol has a more rapid effect with fewer adverse events than salbutamol.     

血小板/淋巴细胞比值联合Grace评分对非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征院内心血管事件的预测价值

目的评估血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)与非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)风险分层及院内预后的相关性及PLR联合Grace评分能否提高Grace评分对院内主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法选取在青岛大学附属医院心内科住院被诊断为NSTE-ACS的患者372例。根据入院时PLR水平,分为低PLR组(PLR97.56)、中PLR组(97.56≤PLR≤133.32)、高PLR组(PLR133.32)各124例。比较三组之间基线临床资料、Grace评分及院内MACE的差异。依据有无MACE分为有MACE组36例,无MACE组336例,比较两组间基线临床资料、PLR、Grace评分的差异,评估PLR及Grace评分与院内MACE的相关性。应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及DELONG方法评估PLR联合Grace评分与单用Grace评分对院内MACE预测价值的大小。结果(1)高、中、低PLR三组在Grace评分、院内MACE及急性心衰发生方面,差异均有统计学意义(P0.001),且高PLR组中PLR组低PLR组。(2)与无MACE组比较,有MACE组在年龄、尿酸、血小板计数、PLR、Gensini评分、Grace评分水平明显升高,舒张压、肌酐清除率及左心室射血分数指标水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)多因素Logistic回归分析显示PLR为NSTE-ACS患者发生院内MACE的独立预测因子(P0.01)。(4)ROC曲线分析PLR联合Grace评分预测院内MACE发生的AUC为0.828,单用Grace评分预测院内MACE的AUC为0.793;应用MEDCALC的DELONG方法对两者AUC比较发现差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在NSTE-ACS患者中,PLR为发生院内MACE的独立预测因子,PLR联合Grace评分可显著提高Grace评分对院内MACE的预测价值。