HPLC—ELSD检测技术测定三七不同部位中皂甙的含量

目的 :应用高效液相色谱 -蒸发光散射检测技术建立了测定三七不同部位中皂甙含量的新方法 ;并和传统的高效液相色谱—紫外检测技术进行了比较试验 .方法 :采用AgilentExtendC8柱 (15 0mm× 4 6mm ,5 μm) ,以乙腈 - 0 1%醋酸水溶液为流动相 ,梯度洗脱 ,测定了三七不同部位中的皂甙的含量 .结果 :本方法准确、可靠、结果稳定、重现性好 .结论 :本法可作为三七药材及其制剂的质量控制的检测方法 .     

刺五加皂甙对培养神经元拟衰老反应的观察

目的 :研究刺五加皂甙 (ASS)对神经细胞老化的保护作用。方法 :采用无血清培养方式制备离体培养的ICR小鼠胎鼠脑皮层神经元衰老模型 ,从生化和形态方面观察刺五加皂甙对衰老条件下的神经元保护作用。结果 :对照组MTT(2 .782± 0 .0 2 8) ,LDH (2 3.0 7± 2 .6 4 ) ,与正常组比较P <0 .0 1。研究组加用 1.2 5mg/10 0ml,2 .5mg/ 10 0ml和 5mg/ 10 0ml浓度的刺五加皂甙后 ,MTT依次为 (0 .0 82 7± 0 .0 2 3) ,(0 .86 1± 0 .0 2 6 )和(0 .90 5± 0 .0 98)。LDH依次为 (2 0± 1.0 5 ) ,(18.4 1± 1.6 4 )和 (18.5 5± 3.83) ,与对照组比较P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 5。ASS能明显提高衰老神经细胞的MTT活性 ,降低LDH的活性 ,显微镜及扫描电镜观察 ,加用刺五加皂甙保护的研究组神经细胞损伤明显减轻 ,部分细胞形态基本趋于正常。结论 :刺五加皂甙能明显提高衰老神经细胞的MTT活性 ,降低LDH活性。有效地延缓神经元细胞的衰老。     

人参茎叶总皂甙对实验性小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质损伤的影响

本文采用小鼠精原细胞姐妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ）实验方法，研究了人参茎叶总皂甙（ＧＮＳ）对丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）引起的小鼠精原细胞遗传物质损伤的影响。结果表明，ＧＮＳ不能诱发小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ，而且在腹腔注射ＭＭＣ的同时给予ＧＮＳ，可使ＭＭＣ诱发的小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ频率明显降低。为此，我们认为ＧＮＳ对小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质具有保护作用。     

大豆总皂甙对培养心肌细胞自发性搏动与动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠的心室肌细胞,向培养基中分别加入浓度为1.56μg/ml至50μg/ml的大豆皂甙,可使心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动呈剂量依赖性抑制。洗脱大豆皂甙或向培养基中再加入10μg/ml肾上腺素均能使自发性搏动恢复。向培养基中加入大豆皂甙5μg/ml使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、超射、最大舒张电位、阈电位、最大除极速度等各电参数立即减小。Ca~(2+)80μg/ml能使动作电位的抑制逆转。上述结果表明大豆皂甙对培养的鼠心肌细胞具有钙通道阻滞用。     

大孔树脂在三七叶皂苷脱色中的应用研究

目的:解决三七叶总皂苷提取中的脱色工艺技术。方法:组合大孔树脂法。结果:应用组合大孔吸附树脂,在碱性条件下多级脱色,较好地解决了三七叶总皂苷脱色困难,并实施了大规模产业化。     

当归或三七对兔甘油致急性肾衰的保护作用及其机制研究

目的：用甘油复制兔急性肾小管坏死(ATN)模型，观察当归、三七对ATN的保护作用，并初步探讨其机制。方法：40只健康新西兰白色家兔，等分为四组：当归组、三七组、对照组、正常组。当归、三七、对照三组均用50％甘油等渗盐水15ml/kg注入兔双后肤皮下，复制ATN模型，当归组于注射甘油后即刻，第3小时，第6小时，肌注当归注射液50mg／kg，三七组于相同时点肌注三七皂甙50mg／kg，正常组则于兔双后肢皮下注射生理盐水15ml/kg，并于相同时点注射5％葡萄糖注射液。于实验第24小时取血液、尿液和肾脏，检测血清尿素氮、肌酐、尿液总渗透压、尿总氨基酸、肾组织MDA、SOD、GSH—PX、ATP酶、Ca2^ 、肾组织病理形态学检查。结果：各组与正常组比，肌酐、尿素氮明显升高，说明模型复制成功。当归、三七纪元l例死亡，对照组死士率为30％，血清肌酐、尿素氮、丙二醛、尿总氨基酸、滤过钠排泄分数和肾组织钙含量均明显低于对照组(P＜0．01)，而肾组织ATP酶、SOD、GSH-PX活性均高于对照组(P＜0.01)，病理形态学变化轻于对照组。以上指标，当归与三七组无显著差异(P＞0．05)。结论：当归、三七对甘油所致的ATN有明显保护作用，二者效果无差异，其机制可能与二者均有改善微循环、血液流变学、抑制脂质过氧化反应、保护肾脏抗氧化酶和ATP酶活性及减轻肾组织钙超载有关。     

Panax Notoginseng Saponins suppresses TRPM7 via the PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit hypertrophic scar formation in vitro

BackgroundHypertrophic scar (HS) formation, a type of dermal fibroproliferative condition, is a frequent complication in wound healing resulting from burns, severe trauma, and surgical procedures. The effects of Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) on the HS formation remain relatively under-explored. Hence, this study was intended to interrogate anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis effects of PNS on the hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) during HS formation and assess the involvement of TRPM7 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.MethodsUsing MTT and CCK-8 assays, we evaluated cell cytotoxicity and cell viability. Collagen I/III (col 1/3) and α-SMA expression levels were assessed through immunofluorescence and western blot, and cell migration, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were examined with applications of wound healing, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. TRPM7, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β1 and related-proteins were quantified using RT-qPCR and western blot.ResultsPNS administration could suppress TRPM7 expression and the viability of HSFs in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, PNS could restrain the HS formation and ECM deposition by decreasing col 1/3 and α-SMA synthesis, suppressing cell migration, and boosting apoptosis and G1 arrest. Notably, this study revealed that PNS inhibited PI3K/AKT activation in HSFs. Besides, knockdown of TRPM7 enhanced therapeutic effects of PNS on HSFs, but overexpression markedly reversed above mentioned effects of PNS on HSFs.ConclusionThis study suggested that PNS hampered scar formation might via inhibiting ECM and stimulating cell apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling. Overall, these findings in the present study could support the use of PNS for preventing HS formation, and TRPM7 may be a novel molecular target for treating HS.     

IMXQB-80: A Quillaja brasiliensis saponin-based nanoadjuvant enhances Zika virus specific immune responses in mice

Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that enhance/prolong the immune response to a co-administered antigen. Saponins have been widely used as adjuvants for many years in several vaccines – especially for intracellular pathogens – including the recent and somewhat revolutionary malaria and shingles vaccines. In view of the immunoadjuvant potential of Q. brasiliensis saponins, the present study aimed to characterize the QB-80 saponin-rich fraction and a nanoadjuvant prepared with QB-80 and lipids (IMXQB-80). In addition, the performance of such adjuvants was examined in experimental inactivated vaccines against Zika virus (ZIKV). Analysis of QB-80 by DI-ESI-ToF by negative ion electrospray revealed over 29 saponins that could be assigned to known structures existing in their congener Q. saponaria, including the well-studied QS-21 and QS-7. The QB-80 saponins were a micrOTOF able to self-assembly with lipids in ISCOM-like nanoparticles with diameters of approximately 43 nm, here named IMXQB-80. Toxicity assays revealed that QB-80 saponins did present some haemolytical and cytotoxic potentials; however, these were abrogated in IMXQB-80 nanoparticles. Regarding the adjuvant activity, QB-80 and IMXQB-80 significantly enhanced serum levels of anti-Zika virus IgG and subtypes (IgG1, IgG2b, IgG2c) as well as neutralized antibodies when compared to an unadjuvanted vaccine. Furthermore, the nanoadjuvant IMXQB-80 was as effective as QB-80 in stimulating immune responses, yet requiring fourfold less saponins to induce the equivalent stimuli, and with less toxicity. These findings reveal that the saponin fraction QB-80, and particularly the IMXQB-80 nanoadjuvant, are safe and capable of potentializing immune responses when used as adjuvants in experimental ZIKV vaccines.     

血塞通、爱维治、胰岛素治疗急性脑梗死34例临床观察

目的：观察血塞通、爱维治、胰岛素对脑梗死的综合治疗作用。方法：选择34例病人为治疗组,随机抽取37例应用低右加复方丹参注射液加维脑路通治疗的病人为对照组,通过比较观察确定治疗效果。结果：治疗组显效率为79．4％,总有效率为94.1％。经统计表明,两组病人治疗显效率有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。结论：该疗法效果明显且无任何毒副作用,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

三七总皂苷抗缺氧缺糖再给氧诱导大鼠海马神经细胞凋亡的研究

目的 :以原代培养的大鼠海马神经细胞缺氧 /缺糖再给氧为模型 ,观察三七总皂苷对神经细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法 :流式细胞仪检测凋亡细胞百分率 ,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜检测细胞内Ca²⁺浓度 ,荧光显微镜观察细胞形态学变化和坏死细胞百分率 ,同时 ,测定细胞乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)的释放。结果 :神经细胞缺氧 /缺糖 5h后再给氧可诱导神经细胞凋亡和细胞坏死 ,并显著增加细胞内Ca²⁺浓度和LDH的释放 ,并随再给氧时间的延长而增加。三七总皂苷能降低神经细胞凋亡及坏死的百分率 ,降低细胞内Ca²⁺浓度 ,减少LDH的释放 ,三七总皂苷的作用随剂量增加而作用增强。结论 :三七总皂苷对缺血再灌注损伤后海马神经元的凋亡过程具有抑制作用 ,这种作用可能与其能降低细胞内Ca²⁺浓度有关。