腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者围术期多项血清应激状态相关指标变化观察

目的:分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床疗效,分析其对血清应激指标的影响。方法:将160例来我院行胆囊切除术的患者随机分为两组,对照组和观察组各80例。对照组采用开腹胆囊切除术,观察组则采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术。比较两组间手术时间、术中出血量、肠功能恢复时间以及住院天数差异,比较治疗前后两组患者间血清应激相关指标皮质醇(COR)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、多巴胺(DA)以及胰岛素(INS)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、促甲状腺激素释放激素(TSH)水平差异。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、肠功能恢复时间以及住院天数均显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。血清COR、NE、ACTH、DA和INS、T3水平在围手术期均发生了显著变化,各项指标均在胆囊分离时就明显升高,术后24 h开始下降(P<0.05);术后观察组上述指标均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体应激反应影响小于开腹手术,更利于患者术后康复。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中意外胆囊癌12例诊治分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中意外胆囊癌(unexpected gallb ladder carc inom a,UGC)的处理措施。方法:回顾分析本院955例LC术中遇到的12例(1.26%)UGC的临床资料。结果:随诊3~36个月,平均18个月。迄今全部存活。5例PT1、5例PT2、1例PT3(中转开腹)随访至今未发现癌复发及转移。1例PT2因拒绝根治术,现出现肝多发转移。1例PT4因腹腔种植转移,无法根治,故仅部分切除胆囊(胆囊粘连重),以解决急性胆囊炎问题,现有腹水、恶液质表现。所有病例均未见脐部戳孔处肿瘤种植转移。结论:LC术中应常规切开胆囊标本,必要时送术中冰冻。PT1单纯切除胆囊已足够;PT2要额外楔形切除肝组织及区域淋巴结;PT3中转开腹,行根治手术或姑息手术。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术7032例临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术的手术原则及并发症的预防。方法收集我院1995~2005年完成的7 032例腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料,分析行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的原发疾病种类及术后并发症。结果7 032例腹腔镜胆囊切除术病人中最多的原发疾病为胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎,手术后并发症中,术后胆管损伤9例,发生率0.07%,术后出血4例,发生率0.06%,术后胆漏3例,发生率0.04%。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术充分体现了微创外科的优点,但其操作仍较复杂,实行严格的岗前培训和准入制可避免并发症的发生。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除兼行其他手术28例经验

目的探讨腹腔镜联合手术的适应证和优越性。方法回顾性分析28例腹腔镜联合手术的临床资料。结果28例腹腔镜联合手术均获得成功。手术时间65~132min,平均手术时间76min,术后3~7d出院。无并发症。结论腹腔镜联合手术可安全、有效地治疗多种腹部疾病,显著减少病人的痛苦和费用,体现了微创技术的优越性,值得推广。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术切口并发症31例报告

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)切口并发症的发生原因、治疗、预防及预后。方法:回顾1 650例LC发生切口并发症31例的临床资料。结果:31例中切口感染12例,切口下积液11例,切口裂开1例,切口出血1例,皮下淤血及血肿1例,切口疝2例,切口肿瘤种植1例,增殖性瘢痕2例。结论:严格的无菌技术,恰当的切口选择,细致和规范的技术操作,良好的麻醉配合和合理的术后处理是预防LC切口并发症的重要措施。     

肝硬化病人胆囊结石的外科处理方法

目的探讨肝硬化病人胆囊结石外科处理的有效方法。方法回顾性分析我们于2003年1月~2005年6月对肝硬化病人合并胆囊结石者行胆囊切除术36例的临床资料。结果肝硬化合并胆囊结石较同期无肝硬化者手术出血量增加、住院时间延长,围手术期危险性显著增高。结论肝硬化是胆囊切除术围手术期高风险的主要原因。正确掌握手术适应证、规范手术操作是提高围手术期安全性的关键。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and time-course changes in renal function

Background: Recently, the retraction method has been used to reduce intraabdominal pressure (IAP) during laparoscopic surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the serial changes in renal function during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using the retraction method. Methods: Urine output, effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured serially in seven patients who underwent LC with 12 mmHg pneumoperitoneum (High-IAP group) and five who underwent LC using the retraction method with 4 mmHg pneumoperitoneum (Low-IAP group). Results: Urine output, ERPF, and GFR were decreased during pneumoperitoneum in the High-IAP group, whereas no significant changes in any of these parameters were observed in the Low-IAP group. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that reduction of IAP to 4 mmHg using the retraction method prevents the transient renal dysfunction caused by prolonged 12 mmHg pneumoperitoneum during LC, suggesting that the retraction method reduces the risk of perioperative renal dysfunction during laparoscopic surgery. Received: 26 March 1996/Accepted: 27 July 1996     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后胆总管残留结石的转归

目的:研究腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscop ic cholecystectomy,LC)后胆总管残留结石的处理及转归。方法:回顾分析我院1992年4月至2006年6月15 000余例LC术后28例胆总管残留结石的原因、治疗及转归。结果:LC术后28例胆总管残留结石中结石自行排出3例,ERCP确诊25例,25例通过EST成功取石,其中1例为术后胆漏并发胆管结石。结论:通过加强术前检查、术中仔细操作和术后积极处理,可减少LC术后胆总管残留结石及其他严重并发症的发生。     

A comparative study of angiogenic and cytokine responses after laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed with standard- and low-pressure pneumoperitoneum

Background  Surgical procedures enhance production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors that play a pivotal role in the immunological response to surgical trauma and take part in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and adhesions formation. The purpose of the study was to access the influence of low-pressure CO₂ pneumoperitoneum on the inflammatory and angiogenic responses during the postoperative period after laparoscopy. Methods  The study group consisted of 40 patients, operated on due to cholelithiasis using standard-pressure (n = 20) and low-pressure (n = 20) CO₂ pneumoperitoneum. Serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and endostatin were measured before and at 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery with commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results  Concentrations of IL-6 increased significantly after the operations in both groups. No differences were observed between the groups in regards to IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels. Concentrations of VEGF-A measured at 6 and 48 h were significantly lower in patients who underwent laparoscopies performed with low-pressure pneumoperitoneum. No significant variations were observed in endostatin serum concentration. Concentrations of the studied parameters were not influenced by duration of surgery or by age, gender, or body mass index (BMI) of the patients. Conclusions  The results obtained in our study do not show any significant differences between studied operative procedures with regards to systemic inflammatory response. Changes in the concentrations of VEGF-A and endostatin observed in the studied population may suggest this technique is more favorable with regards to angiogenesis process intensity, along with all its consequences and implications.     

基层医院腹腔镜胆囊切除术1696例的治疗体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜在基层医院普及开展的可行性和主要并发症的预防。方法:回顾分析1999年6月至2006年5月我院1 696例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的临床资料。结果:1 696例LC成功1 635例,中转开腹61例,中转率3.6%,发生并发症17例,其中胆管损伤1例,腹腔内出血2例,胆漏2例,腹腔感染1例,胆管残石3例,遗漏腹腔内病变6例,上消化道出血2例。结论:LC在基层医院的开展日益成熟,成为治疗胆囊良性疾患的“金标准”。术前注意鉴别诊断,术中操作轻柔,辨明胆囊三角结构,能避免严重并发症的发生。