腹膜前引流对腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术患者术后血肿及血清肿的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）放置腹膜前引流对术后血肿及血清肿的影响。 方法选取2016年6月至2018年5月，江苏省苏州市中西医结合医院收治的单侧腹股沟疝患者90例，随机分为试验组和对照组，2组患者均行TAPP手术。试验组放置腹膜前引流管，对照组不放置引流管。收集2组患者的一般资料、手术相关资料及随访资料进行统计学分析，对比2组患者术后血肿及血清肿发生率差异。 结果全部患者均完成手术及随访。2组患者的一般资料、疝位置、疝分型、手术时间、住院花费、术后住院时间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组患者的术后发热发生率、急性疼痛发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。试验组术后血肿发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05），试验组患者术后1和3个月血清肿发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组患者1年随访均观察到1例复发的病例，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；随访期内2组患者均未出现感染的病例。 结论TAPP中，放置腹膜前引流管能够有效降低患者术后血肿和血清肿的发生率，同时并不增加感染和复发风险。     

Systematic analysis of post-treatment soft-tissue edema and seroma on MRI in 177 sarcoma patients

PurposeTo assess post-treatment subcutaneous edema, muscle edema, and seroma in MRI after soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) resection with regard to muscle involvement of STS and therapy.MethodsIn all, 177 patients were included and received 1.5-T MRI follow-up examinations after treatment. Post-treatment changes were classified according to type of therapy (therapy 1-surgery; therapy 2-surgery with radiation therapy) and primary tumor localization in soft tissue (localization 1, subcutaneous tissue; localization 2, muscle involvement).Subcutaneous and muscle edema were divided into three grades: grade 0, absence of edema; grade 1, low-to-moderate edema; and grade 2, high-grade edema.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 55.7 ± 18.2 years and the mean volume of the resected primary STS was 321.5 cm³. After therapy 1 of a sarcoma in localization 1, patients significantly more often showed low-grade subcutaneous tissue edema and an absence of muscle edema (p < 0.001) than high-grade edema. The risk for grade 2 subcutaneous tissue and muscle edema significantly increased with a tumor in localization 2 (RR = 2.58, p = 0.016 and RR = 15, p = 0.0065/RR = 2.05 , p = 0.021, respectively) and after therapy 2 (RR = 15, p = 0.0087 and RR = 2.05, p < 0.0001, respectively). Of the patients with sarcoma in localization 2, 88% developed grade 2 muscle edema after therapy 2; 40% of the patients developed post-treatment seroma. The risk for seroma is significantly higher after surgery and radiation therapy than after surgery alone (p < 0.001).ConclusionHigh-grade postoperative subcutaneous and muscle edema are significantly associated with muscle involvement of primary STS both in patients with and without radiation therapy. The risk for seroma is significantly higher after surgery with additional radiation therapy than after surgery alone.     

Proposal of ecographic classification for seroma after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair

Introduction

Seroma is one of the most common complications after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR), even if the incidence brought in literature is varying because definition and criterions of evaluation employed in the different studies are not always the same. This study proposes a classification for seroma after LVHR based on ultrasound findings, useful for an assessment of this complication.

Materials and methods

On 93 patients submitted to LVHR an ultrasound of the abdominal wall after 3, 7, 15, 21 and 28 days and subsequently at a distance of 3 and 6 months was performed postoperatively. At each control site, sonomorphology characteristics and size of seroma (if present) were noted.

Results

At the end of the study using ultrasound findings obtained, a classification scheme for seroma articulated into three groups based on the parameters detected (site, sonomorphology character and volume) was developed, each of which is subdivided into five different classes to which a precise score is assigned. From the sum of the scores assigned, a value (between 3 and 15) that represents a prognostic index (PI) is obtained. A low PI is typical of small asymptomatic seroma that resolves spontaneously in a short time and without the need for invasive therapies; a high PI is typical of more or less symptomatic voluminous seroma that tends to persist for long periods and which often requires an interventional therapeutic approach.

Conclusions

This proposed classification helps to perform a precise nosological assessment of seroma after LVHR, allowing the surgeon to predict the clinical and temporal evolution of this complication and to plan appropriate therapy from time to time. Furthermore this classification can represent a tool to assess the uniqueness of seroma formation in relation to surgical technique used, to the type of material employed and to the method of mesh fixing.     

改良医用胶黏合假疝囊预防腹腔镜全腹膜外直疝修补术后血清肿临床观察

目的探讨应用改良医用胶黏合假疝囊技术预防腹腔镜全腹膜外直疝修补术后血清肿的可行性。 方法纳入2017年4月至2019年5月西安市中心医院普一科收治的36例腹股沟直疝患者。所有患者采用TEP手术。术中直疝假疝囊均给予改良医用胶黏合预防术后血清肿。 结果36例患者,其中男31例,女5例;年龄31~82岁,平均年龄67.5岁;体质量指数17.6~31.5 kg/m²;平均体质量指数24.6 kg/m²。其中Ⅱ型疝13例,Ⅲ型疝23例,均为单侧腹股沟直疝;其中右侧疝25例,左侧疝11例。所有手术均顺利完成,无中转腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术病例,无感染等严重并发症。手术时间36.6~53.2 min,平均用时44.5 min,其中1例因游离弓状线外侧缘时分破腹膜,术中用3-0可吸收线缝合,因而手术时间延长。术中出血1~5 ml,平均3 ml;术后24~36 h下床,平均下床时间30 h;术后1~3 d出院,平均2 d;住院花费1135.42~1269.74元,平均1189.42元。术后经视觉模拟评分进行评估,所有患者术后1d评分为2~5分,平均3.5分。其中2例分别于术后1周和2周出现血清肿,经腹股沟超声检查证实,血清肿发生率为5.56%,1例因较小,未特殊处理,随访3个月后自行消失,1例给予2次局部抽液,3个月后消失。余患者均未出现明显血清肿。 结论改良医用胶黏合假疝囊技术预防直疝TEP术后血清肿的技术,方法简便易行,效果可靠,值得推广及进一步研究。     

负压引流预防腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿的应用体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜全腹膜外疝修补术中放置负压引流管对预防术后血清肿的临床价值。方法:选取2013年5月至2016年5月收治的110例腹股沟疝患者,随机分为两组,观察组术中于腹膜前间隙放置负压引流管,对照组不放置负压引流管。观察两组术后血清肿发生率。结果:110例患者中,观察组70例,术后发生1例血清肿,对照组40例,术后发生5例血清肿。结论:腹腔镜全腹膜外疝修补术术中放置负压引流可引流渗液,促进组织修复,预防术后血清肿的发生,容易学习,易于掌握,且一次性负压吸引球囊价格低廉,降低了综合医疗费用,值得临床应用。     

腹腔镜经腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术中残端疝囊处理方式对术后血清肿影响的前瞻性研究

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹膜前腹股沟疝修补术(TAPP)术中残端疝囊处理方式对术后血清肿的影响。方法采用前瞻性研究方法。选取2017年10月至2019年3月福建医科大学附属协和医院收治的128例男性原发性腹股沟斜疝患者的临床资料。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组,患者行TAPP,术中疝囊剥离及横断后将残端缝合固定于腹直肌下缘,设为试验组;患者行TAPP,术中疝囊剥离及横断后将残端游离于腹腔,设为对照组。观察指标:(1)手术情况。(2)随访情况。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,了解患者术后血清肿、切口感染、慢性疼痛、疝复发情况。随访时间截至2019年6月。正态分布的计量资料以±s表示,组间比较采用t检验。偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料以绝对数表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。结果筛选出符合条件的男性患者128例;平均年龄为61岁,年龄范围为47~74岁。128例患者中,试验组60例,对照组68例。(1)手术情况:试验组和对照组患者手术时间分别为(102±34)min和(97±30)min,住院费用分别为(12813±2390)元和(12125±2205)元,两组患者上述指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=0.907,1.685,P>0.05)。(2)随访情况:128例患者均获得随访。试验组和对照组术后发生血清肿分别为8例和8例,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.072,P>0.05)。试验组术后发生血清肿患者抽液量为20 mL(4~31 mL),对照组术后发生血清肿患者抽液量为43 mL(23~98 mL),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.013,P<0.05)。试验组和对照组发生血清肿患者术后3个月均无切口感染、慢性疼痛、疝复发。结论TAPP术中疝囊横断后将残端缝合固定于腹直肌下缘和将残端游离于腹腔均能有效修补腹股沟斜疝。疝囊横断后将残端缝合固定于腹直肌下缘可减少术后血清肿抽液量。     

腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿的相关危险因素分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿的相关危险因素,为临床治疗、有效预防及减少术后血清肿提供必要依据。方法:收集2017年6月至2018年5月行腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术的189例患者的临床资料,包括性别、BMI、疝类型(斜疝、直疝、股疝)、疝一般情况(疝囊大小、双侧疝、阴囊疝、难复性疝、嵌顿疝)、手术时间、手术方式、补片、疝囊处理方式、补片固定方式及血清肿等,建立数据库。采用SPSS 23.0软件进行单因素(χ2检验及对数似然比检验)与多因素分析(Logistic回归分析),寻找引起术后血清肿的相关因素。结果:单因素分析显示,直疝(P=0.011)、胶水固定补片(P=0.006)与腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿相关。多因素分析显示,直疝(OR值1.873,95%可信区间1.038~3.380)、胶水固定补片(OR值为1.514,95%可信区间1.019~2.251)是腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿发生的独立危险因素。结论:直疝及胶水固定补片是腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术后血清肿发生的独立危险因素,为减少术后血清肿的发生,推荐减少胶水固定补片,消灭直疝假性疝囊形成的残腔。     

乳腺癌术后皮下积液长期存在相关问题的探讨

目的：探讨乳腺癌术后皮下积液形成及长期存在的原因。方法对乳腺癌术后皮下积液形成的纤维板障进行病理形态学分析;抽取乳腺癌术后不同时段引流液体行成分分析;为了解纤维板障形成过程,建立皮下积液动物模型,对不同时段形成的纤维板障进行病理学分析。结果人纤维板障病理学分析显示分为纤维渗出层、毛细血管层及纤维层三层结构;血液学检验结果支持乳腺癌术后皮下积液为渗出液;动物模型显示,随积液时间延长,纤维板障结构逐渐增厚。结论纤维板障中的毛细血管的存在是皮下积液长期存在的组织学基础,切除或破坏皮下纤维板障,使创面重新开始愈合过程是尽早解决乳腺癌术后皮下积液长期存在的一种有效的方法。     

沙培林腔内注射对乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效

目的:观察沙培林腔内注射治疗乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效及安全性。方法:选择行乳腺癌改良根治术后发生皮下积液患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组行抽净积液后腔内注射沙培林混合液,3h后抽净药液,再用绷带加压包扎积液创面;对照组仅以50%葡萄糖腔内注射,其余步骤相同。观察两组皮下积液改善的效果以及发热和局部皮肤坏死等不良反应。结果:治疗前两组积液量差异无统计学意义(164.45±36.22ml vs 172.41±45.37ml,P0.05);第一次治疗后和第二次治疗后,观察组积液量均少于对照组(55.43±36.29ml vs 132.31±41.65ml,18.39±15.47ml vs 69.42±38.75ml;P0.05),积液完全消失时间(3.22±0.64天vs11.84±1.83天)明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组发热率均为3.33%(1/30),差异无统计学意义(P0.05),均未发生皮肤坏死事件。结论:局部腔内注射沙培林可很快减少乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液,且使用方便、安全。     

Influence of fibrin glue on seroma formation after breast surgery

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of Hemaseel APR fibrin sealant versus conventional drain placement in the prevention of seromas after breast procedures. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study of subjects who were randomized into control (drain) and experimental (fibrin) groups was conducted. RESULTS: Analysis of 82 patients showed similarly matched groups. Seroma formation rate was 45.5% in the control group and 36.8% in the fibrin glue group (P = 0.43). The rate of wound complications was similar. Aspirate volumes were significantly greater in the fibrin glue group. Drain placement saved patients >366 US dollars over fibrin glue. CONCLUSIONS: Although use of fibrin sealant resulted in a nonsignificant decrease in seroma formation rate compared with that of drain placement, the higher cost involved, cumbersome technique, and higher aspirate volumes tend to indicate that there is no advantage to using fibrin glue over drain placement with the technique described.