Biodegradable versus titanium osteosynthesis in maxillofacial traumatology: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

Titanium osteosynthesis is currently the fixation system of choice in maxillofacial traumatology. Biodegradable osteosynthesis systems have the ability to degrade in the human body. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review, with meta- and trial sequential analyses, to assess the efficacy and morbidity of biodegradable versus titanium osteosynthesis after maxillofacial trauma. MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials and prospective and retrospective controlled studies. Five time periods were studied: perioperative, short-term (0–4 weeks), intermediate (6–12 weeks), long-term (>12 weeks), and overall follow-up. After screening 3542 records, 24 were included. All had a high risk of performance and detection bias due to the nature of the interventions. Meta-analysis showed no differences in efficacy or morbidity between biodegradable and titanium osteosynthesis. The risk of perioperative screw breakage was significantly higher (risk ratio 17.13, 95% confidence interval 2.19–34.18) and the symptomatic plate removal rate lower in the biodegradable group (risk ratio 0.11, 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.57), which was confirmed by the trial sequential analysis. The quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Based on the narrative review and meta-analyses, current evidence shows that biodegradable osteosynthesis is a viable alternative to titanium osteosynthesis when applied in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma, with similar efficacy but significantly lower symptomatic plate removal rates. Perioperative screw breakage occurred significantly more often in the biodegradable group compared to the titanium group.     

微型钢板与克氏针治疗掌指骨骨折的疗效对比分析

目的：探讨应用微型钢板及克氏针治疗各种掌指骨骨折的不同疗效。方法：47例（62处）掌指骨骨折。其中开放性骨折19例（24处），闭合性骨折28例（38处），合并严重软组织损伤或肌腱损伤10例（13处）。分为微型钢板固定组27例（34处）及克氏针组20例（28处）。采取伤口清创，微型解剖钢板螺丝钉系统内固定术及克氏针治疗。对比其疗效。结果：全部病例骨性愈合，以TAM为评定标准，微型钢板组中优为20例，良10例，优良率为88．2％。克氏针组中优为12例，良7例，优良率为67．8％。结论：在掌握好适应证的前提下，使用微型钢板切开复位内固定治疗各种类型的掌指骨骨折术后骨折愈合时间、关节功能的恢复程度及伤口感染情况明显优于克氏针组。     

加压滑动鹅头钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床与实验研究

探讨加压滑动鹅头钉在治疗股骨转子间骨折中的作用。临床应用４５例。男３４例，女１１例。平均年龄６１岁。稳定型１３例，不稳定型３２例。经临床应用和生物力学实验测定，结果表明：（１）对不稳定型转子间骨折，恢复小转子区内后侧皮质骨的连续性在骨折的稳定中具有重要作用。（２）内后侧骨折块解剖复位，加压螺丝钉固定或大转子骨折端加压螺丝钉固定能显著增强加压滑动鹅头钉的固定作用，明显提高不稳定型转子间骨折的术后稳定性。（３）该装置设计合理，性能坚固，对转子间骨折具有很强的固定作用，能有效地达到早期下床和避免长期卧床的目的，是目前临床最理想的内固定装置。     

钢板结合异体骨板治疗股骨干内固定术后再骨折

目的：探讨钢板结合异体骨板治疗股骨干钢板内固定术后再骨折的疗效。方法：股骨干钢板内固定术后再骨折13例,其中男8例,女5例;年龄14～57岁,平均31.2岁。粉碎性骨折7例,斜形骨折4例,横形骨折2例。8孔股骨有限接触加压钢板5例,8孔上肢有限接触加压钢板2例,6孔股骨有限接触加压钢板2例,8孔兰氏钢板4例。钢板断裂均发生在骨折端邻近钉孔处。全部采用有限接触加压钢板（LC-DCP）加对侧异体脱蛋白骨板股骨双固定及自体髂骨移植术。结果：13例均获得随访,时间16～40个月,平均32个月,平均骨折愈合时间为9个月,均恢复下肢行走和负重的功能。术后1年膝关节功能按Merchan标准评定：优7例,良4例,可1例,差1例,优良率84.6%（11/13）。结论：自体髂骨植骨钢板结合骨板内固定治疗股骨干再骨折效果好,可以达到骨折牢固固定的目的。     

各种钢板微创内固定治疗四肢骨折

目的 总结各种钢板微创手术治疗四肢骨折的经验。方法 从2002年6月。2004年8月，对62例四肢各型骨折的患者在微创手术下进行了手术内固定。其中男42例，女20例，年龄14-72岁，平均32岁。结果 本组病例切口均顺利愈合，术后3～7天出院；全部获得随访，平均随访时间6个月；骨愈合时间3-10个月。按Johne-Wruhs方法评价功能，优55例，良6例，中1例，差0例，以优良为满意标准，本组病例总体满意率98．4％。结论 各种钢板微创内固定治疗四肢骨折具有手术创伤小、骨折愈合快、功能恢复好的特点。     

Fusion and failure following anterior cervical plating with dynamic or rigid plates: 6-months results of a multi-centric, prospective, randomized, controlled study

Anterior cervical plate fixation is an approved surgical technique for cervical spine stabilization in the presence of anterior cervical instability. Rigid plate design with screws rigidly locked to the plate is widely used and is thought to provide a better fixation for the treated spinal segment than a dynamic design in which the screws may slide when the graft is settling. Recent biomechanical studies showed that dynamic anterior plates provide a better graft loading possibly leading to accelerated spinal fusion with a lower incidence of implant complications. This, however, was investigated in vitro and does not necessarily mean to be the case in vivo, as well. Thus, the two major aspects of this study were to compare the speed of bone fusion and the rate of implant complications using either rigid- or dynamic plates. The study design is prospective, randomized, controlled, and multi-centric, having been approved by respective ethic committees of all participating sites. One hundred and thirty-two patients were included in this study and randomly assigned to one of the two groups, both undergoing routine level-1- or level-2 anterior cervical discectomy with autograft fusion receiving either a dynamic plate with screws being locked in ap - position (ABC, Aesculap, Germany), or a rigid plate (CSLP, Synthes, Switzerland). Segmental mobility and implant complications were compared after 3- and 6 months, respectively. All measurements were performed by an independent radiologist. Mobility results after 6 months were available for 77 patients (43 ABC/34 CSLP). Mean segmental mobility for the ABC group was 1.7 mm at the time of discharge, 1.4 mm after 3 months, and 0.8 mm after 6 months. For the CSLP- group the measurements were 1.0, 1.8, and 1.7 mm, respectively. The differences of mean segmental mobility were statistically significant between both groups after 6 months (P = 0.02). Four patients of the CSLP-group demonstrated surgical hardware complications, whereas no implant complications were observed within the ABC-group (P = 0.0375). Dynamic plate designs provided a faster fusion of the cervical spine compared with rigid plate designs after prior spinal surgery. Moreover, the rate of implant complications was lower within the group of patients receiving a dynamic plate. These interim results refer to a follow-up period of 6 months after prior spinal surgery. Further investigations will be performed 2 years postoperatively.     

AO双钢板配合中药熏洗治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的体会

目的:介绍AO双钢板配合中药熏洗治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的体会.方法:采用肘后正中纵行切口,行尺骨鹰 嘴截骨入路,切开复位AO双钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折26例,术后配合中药熏洗治疗.结果:26例病人随访1年～2年,术后肘关节功能评定:优10例,良11例,可3例,差2例,优良率为92.3%.结论:我们认为采用AO双钢板内固定治疗肱骨髁间骨折,骨折对位准确,固定牢靠,有助于术后早期功能锻炼;配合中药薰洗,有利于肘关节功能的恢复,是目前治疗肱骨髁间骨折较理想的方法.     

两类锁骨钩钢板初步应用对比

目的评价两类锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位的临床比较。方法应用两类不同的锁骨钩钢板治疗肩锁关节脱位TossyⅢ型37例，L型锁骨钩钢板内固定26例，U型锁骨钩钢板内固定11例。结果37例随访9～29个月，平均18个月，按Karlsson分类进行评价；L型锁骨钩钢板固定组A级23例，B级3例；U型锁骨钩钢板固定组A级5例，B级6例，C级1例。结论两类锁骨钩钢板都是治疗肩锁关节脱位的可靠方法。L型锁骨钩钢板操作更简便，损伤更小．切口更短，功能恢复更快，更满意。