尿蛋白-1与糖尿病肾病关系的研究

目的为了探讨尿蛋白-1(UP-)与糖尿病肾病的关系。方法用酶联免疫法测定了90例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)患者的UP-1,同时测定尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-mG)。结果糖尿病患者UP-1均较正常对照组增高,UP-1与尿A1b、尿NAG和β2-mG呈正相关。结论在糖尿病早期阶段,肾小管会受到损害,UP-1可作为诊断早期糖尿病肾病的敏感指标。     

用二阶导数紫外法快速检测酮康唑软膏有效成分

目的：建立酮康唑软膏主成分快速检测方法。方法：采用二阶导数紫外分光光度法直接测定酮康唑的含量。检测波长为277nm。结果：相关系数r=0．9959，回收率为99．87％，RSD=0．70％。结论：方法简便快速，结果准确。     

竞赛驱动下医学专业“课程思政”的实践教学改革探索

当今医患矛盾日益突出、医患关系不断恶化的背景下,医学高等教育坚持用社会主义核心价值观引领意识形态的潮流,遵循社会主义核心价值观做导向,做到勤学、修德、立志、成才达到全方位育人目的。为落实立德树人根本任务,深度挖掘课程德育内涵,推动"课程思政"责任共同体,教师为主体,既可创新教学改革方法,有效充分发挥课程"育人"功能,将"课程思政"贯穿教育教学全过程,目的是医学专业基础课与思想政治理论同向同行,形成协同效应",以赛促教,增进实效"多元化竞赛,深入挖掘蕴含在专业知识里的德育元素,竞赛活动为载体促进"课程思政"与医学知识融合。在调研医学课程中专业课"课程思政"的现状基础上,不断充分挖掘医学专业课程中的思政元素,做到润物细无声,构建"竞赛驱动—课程思政融入-教学改革-学生批判能力培养"的教学改革实践模式,既将以竞赛为驱动力,并以医学专业知识为载体融入思政元素,提高医学生社会价值观的形成。坚持理论学习与实践教学相衔接,体会理论知识外化为实践能力,化知为行、知行合一。以赛促教、以赛促学"从专业角度发挥课堂主渠道,做好立德树人工作。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下生理学线上教学的探索与反思

面对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情向课堂教学提出的挑战，齐齐哈尔医学院生理学教学团队构建了基于"小规模限制性在线课程（small private online course，SPOC）+同步直播"的混合式教学，开展线上教学。经过团队成员的共同努力，开展线上教学4周以来教学秩序稳定，教学效果良好。本文以236名2019级护理本科生生理学教学为例，介绍了疫情形势下线上教学的教学设计、实施措施、教学效果以及教学反思，为进一步推进疫情防控期间医学高等院校线上教学工作提供实践经验。     

电针对SAMP8小鼠行为学及APP mRNA和BACE-1 mRNA影响

目的　探讨电针对SAMP8 小鼠行为学及淀粉样前体蛋白( amyloid precursor protein, APP) 和APP切割酶1(B site APP cleaving enzyme1, BACE-1)的影响,为临床治疗阿尔茨海默病病提供新的途径。 方法　将快速老化模型小鼠(SAMP8) 60只随机分成模型组、电针组和西药组,每组20只,正常老化小鼠 (SAMR1) 20只作为正常组。电针组电针刺激“百会”、 “肾俞”、“内关”、“大椎”穴;西药物组给予石杉碱甲 0.02 mg/kg剂量灌胃;正常组和模型组不给予治疗。治疗 20 d 后,用 Morris 水迷宫检测小鼠学习记忆能力,免疫组化定性检测小鼠海马APP和 BACE-1蛋白的表达,进一步实时荧光定量 PCR法测定APP mRNA和 BACE-1 mRNA 的表达。 结果　与模型组比较,西药组与电针组逃避潜伏期缩短,有效区停留时间和及跨越平台次数均显著增加(P＜0.05),电针组APP mRNA 和 BACE-1 mRNA 相对表达量显著减少(P<0.05) 。 结论　电针可能抑制 SAMP8 小鼠脑内APP mRNA and BACE-1 mRNA表达,减少Aβ 生成,改善其学习记忆障碍。     

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of chrysanthemum-like Ag/ZnO prismatic nanorods and their photocatalytic properties with multiple modes for dye degradation and hydrogen production

A series of Ag/ZnO composites were prepared by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. Their composition, structure, and morphology were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis/DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N₂ adsorption–desorption analyses. The results showed that the microwave-assisted synthesis method did not significantly alter the crystal structure of the composites. However, light absorption by the composite was clearly enhanced, its Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area values changed, and excellent surface morphology was observed. Moreover, the Ag/ZnO composite formed via microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis exhibited more regular stacking piled into a chrysanthemum-like structure. Under ultraviolet, visible-light, simulated sunlight, and microwave-assisted irradiation, the composite exhibited better photocatalytic properties for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B compared to that of P25 and ZnO. Moreover, the composite was investigated as a catalyst for the degradation of four dyes with different structures under UV conditions, exhibiting good degradation performance. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency did not change significantly after three cycles, indicating a certain degree of stability. In addition, the photocatalytic hydrogen production experiments showed that the nanocomposite Ag/ZnO had some ability to produce photocatalytic hydrogen.

A series of chrysanthemum-like composites Ag/ZnO were prepared by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis, which well showed the ability of photocatalytic degradation of dyes and hydrogen production.     

射频消融治疗心房扑动

目的总结典型心房扑动的射频消融治疗经验。方法56例因反复心悸的住院患者,男性38例,女性18例,平均年龄(54.2±6.2)岁。体表心电图及动态心电图记录阵发心房扑动34例,持续心房扑动22例,口服胺碘酮治疗效果差。全部病例常规取右股静脉途径插入20极环状Halo电极记录心房激动顺序,4极电极送至冠状窦供起搏标测使用。结果全部手术成功。其中36例心房扑动于射频发放过程中终止,20例于窦性心律下放电消融。所有病例于消融结束后分别起搏冠状窦近端和低位右心房,证实峡部双相传导阻滞作为消融终点,即刻成功率100%。平均随访(6±2.6)个月,3例于术后2个月复发,复发率5.4%,经再次射频消融治疗成功,随访6个月,未再复发。结论以温控射频导管不间断放电线性消融治疗典型心房扑动疗效肯定,成功率高。     

乳腺癌中蛋白高乙酰化/琥珀酰化水平及其同组蛋白2AX高表达的相关性

目的 明确乳腺癌中蛋白乙酰化/琥珀酰化修饰和组蛋白2AX（H2AX）表达水平,并确认两者之间是否具有相关性。 方法 Western blotting及RT-PCR方法检测11例乳腺癌组织和细胞中蛋白修饰和H2AX表达水平,并利用组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂初步明确乙酰化和琥珀酰化可能存在的共同调控方式;载体构建及过表达方法明确H2AX表达同蛋白修饰之间的相关性。 结果 同正常乳腺组织相比,乳腺癌组织中蛋白乙酰化/琥珀酰化水平增加,且两者可能受组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）家族成员的共同调控。乳腺癌组织及细胞中H2AX mRNA及蛋白表达水平增加,且其表达水平同代表核仁磷蛋白1（NPM1）的表达及修饰水平成正相关。 结论 乳腺癌具有蛋白高乙酰化/琥珀酰化修饰及H2AX高表达的特点,且H2AX表达水平同部分蛋白修饰水平成正相关。     

基于网络药理学探讨趋化因子-13对间充质干细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的 以网络药理学技术探讨趋化因子-13（CXCL-13）对人骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）增殖和迁移的影响。 方法 在线数据库预测CXCL-13作用于BMSCs的靶点。Metascape数据库对靶点的基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG）信号通路进行富集分析。STRING 11.0数据库进行蛋白质相互作用分析,Cytoscape 3.8的cytoHubba 0.1插件筛选核心基因编码的蛋白质。BMSCs分为对照组、CXCL-13组和PI3K抑制剂组。分别以MTT、流式细胞术和Transwell细胞小室迁移实验检测各组BMSCs的吸光度（A）值、细胞凋亡率和细胞迁移数目情况;ELISA检测各组BMSCs上清液表皮生长因子(EGF)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白含量。Western blotting检测各组BMSCs的Akt、磷酸化Akt（p-Akt）蛋白的表达。 结果 CXCL-13作用于BMSCs 21个靶点。与细胞增殖相关的生物学过程包括干细胞增殖、调节内皮细胞增殖、正向调控平滑肌细胞增殖等32条;与细胞迁移相关的生物学过程包括调节细胞迁移、阿米巴状细胞迁移、调节内皮细胞迁移等22条。KEGG通路包括癌症途径、PI3K-Akt信号通路、MAPK信号通路等40条。核心蛋白包括肿瘤蛋白P53（TP53）、表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）、90kD热休克蛋白αB1（HSP90AB1）、蛋白激酶Cα（PRKCA）、雌激素受体2（ESR2）及前列腺素E受体4（PTGER4）。与其他组相比,CXCL-13组BMSCs的吸光度（A）值和细胞迁移数目均显著增高（P＜0.01,n=15）,细胞凋亡率明显降低（P＜0.01,n=15）;PI3K抑制剂组BMSCs的A值、细胞凋亡率和细胞迁移数目与CXCL-13组相比均呈相反变化（P＜0.01,n=15）。相对于对照组,CXCL-13组BMSCs的EGF和VEGF蛋白含量显著提高（P＜0.01,n=15）,Akt和p-Akt相对表达均明显升高（P＜0.01,n=9）;而PI3K抑制剂组EGF和VEGF蛋白含量、Akt和p-Akt相对表达呈相反变化。 结论 CXCL-13激活PI3K-Akt通路促进BMSCs旁分泌EGF和VEGF蛋白,提高BMSCs增殖和迁移,抑制BMSCs凋亡。     

Study on the biodegradability of modified starch/polylactic acid (PLA) composite materials

In this work, polylactic acid/thermoplastic acetylated starch (PLA/TPAS) composites were prepared using PLA as a matrix material and TPAS as a modifier. TPAS is based on acetylated starch, which is plasticized using glycerin. Analysis of the mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphological structures of the PLA/TPAS composites shows that with an increase in the TPAS content, the toughness of the PLA/TPAS composites significantly improves. When the amount of TPAS added is 40% by weight, the elongation at break is increased 4 times. At the same time, the addition of TPAS has little effect on the thermal stability of the composites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis results show that PLA is incompatible with TPAS. The addition of TPAS promotes the crystallization of PLA, resulting in a decrease in the thermal stability but limits the degradation behavior during the processing of the material, which has little effect on the performance of the material. High temperature and high humidity soil degradation and ultraviolet radiation aging experiments on PLA/TPAS composites show that the PLA/TPAS composites have good biodegradability. In soil burial degradation experiments, the degradation rate of the pure PLA material is slow, and its final mass retention rate is high. The PLA/TPAS composites degrade fast. In ultraviolet radiation aging experiments, the tensile strength of the PLA/TPAS composites was improved to a certain extent after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. With an increase in the ultraviolet irradiation time, the tensile properties of the PLA/TPAS composites gradually decreased.

In this work, polylactic acid/thermoplastic acetylated starch (PLA/TPAS) composites were prepared using PLA as a matrix material and TPAS as a modifier.