正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果观察

目的探讨正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月间陕西省结核病防治院收治的97例肺癌合并肺结核患者,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组49例患者采用亲情护理,观察组48例患者采用正念行为护理。比较两组患者的屈服、回避和面对评分、自我效能感量表(GSES)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及生活质量。结果护理后,两组患者的屈服、回避、SDS和SAS评分均较护理前降低,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者的面对、GSES、情绪功能、社会功能、认知功能、躯体功能和角色功能评分均较护理前升高,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论正念行为护理能促进肺癌合并肺结核患者养成积极的应对方式,提高自我效能,减轻不良情绪,提高生活质量,值得推广。     

脊髓损伤患者及其配偶二元应对体验的质性研究

目的 探讨脊髓损伤患者及其配偶二元应对体验,为开展针对性的干预对策提供参考依据。 方法 采用目的抽样法,选取2020年4月—2021年3月入住安徽省某三级甲等综合医院脊柱外科的脊髓损伤患者12例及其配偶12名进行半结构化访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料归纳并提炼主题。 结果 基于二元应对系统交互模型归纳出积极应对（共同面对、一致的疾病信念、转变沟通态度）、消极应对（适应困难、过度的保护行为、回避或冲突）、困难与挑战（亲密感丧失、寻求外部支持、构建新常态）共3个主题和9个亚主题。结论 脊髓损伤患者及其配偶积极应对与消极应对并存。医护人员需重视对患者及其配偶积极二元应对的引导,重点开展以夫妻为中心的应对干预,使其能更好地面对疾病,改善临床结局。     

Effets de la maltraitance sur la régulation émotionnelle des enfants et des adolescents confiés à l’Aide Sociale à l’Enfance

ObjectivesThis research aims to compare coping strategies (strategies developed to cope with stress) and temperamental dimensions used by children and adolescents have not been maltreated and those who have been. The aim of these analyzes is to identify the effects of age as well as vulnerabilities and resources for children and adolescents who have been maltreated.Materials and methodsA total of 232 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years participated in this study including 115 who have never been maltreated (control group) and 117 have been maltreated and are living in foster care (placed group). Each young people responded to a scale measuring the frequency of coping strategies (Kidcope) as well as a questionnaire of temperament (questionnaire d’auto- et d’hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l’enfant d’âge scolaire et l’adolescent).ResultsAn analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for each coping strategy and temperamental dimension to evaluate the consequence of maltreatment on the emotional regulation, according to the slice of age. The age-based comparison of control and placed groups reveals major differences in the use of certain coping strategies as well as in the temperamental dimensions of maltreated children and adolescents. This confirms that the child's life experience influences his way of understanding his environment and affects his individual resources.ConclusionsThe results show vulnerabilities of emotional regulation for children and adolescents who have been maltreated. These aspects underline the importance to think about supports in order to promote the development of some coping strategies and to reduce the stressors. These points will be discussed with preventive and therapeutic used to improve coping skills and emotional regulation.     

Economic Burden of Head and Neck Cancer Treatment in North India

Background: The rising cost of cancer treatment has imposed a huge financial burden on the affected households,leading to catastrophic outcomes and impoverishment. The present study was designed to estimate the economicburden incurred by households for the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) in India. Methods: The present studywas undertaken in a large public sector tertiary care hospital of North India. A total of 159 patients were recruitedat time of their first registration in the department of Radiation Oncology, and were followed after completion oftheir treatment. Another 288 were recruited within one month after completion of treatment. Economic burden wasassessed in terms of out of pocket (OOP) expenditure incurred, prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure anddistress financing (borrowing or selling of assets) related to different modalities of cancer treatment. Results: Theaverage OOP expenditure incurred by a patient of HNC patient was INR 37, 845 (USD 563), which varied from INR32,379 (USD 482) when a patient undergoes radiotherapy alone to INR 67,480 (USD 1,004) for surgery along withchemo-radiotherapy. Specifically, patients undergoing 2-DRT and IMRT alone had to spend INR 31,487 (USD 469) andINR 42,405 (USD 631) respectively. The prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and distress financing(DF) was 34% and 45% respectively. The odds of incurring both CHE and DF were found to be higher for patients inthe lowest income quartile and for those in the younger age groups. Conclusion: Cancer imposes significant economicburden on households. The existing public health system should be strengthened to reduce OOP expenditure incurredby patients. In addition, enhanced coverage of risk pooling mechanisms should be ensured.     

吸毒人员回归社会后的应对方式与生活质量——自我概念的中介作用

目的 本研究旨在探讨吸毒人员回归社会后的自我概念及应对方式是否会影响其生活质量。方法 在四川省成都市、德阳市、西昌市、宜宾市等地招募201名已回归社会的男性吸毒人员（平均年龄22.65±8.31岁，年龄16~59岁）进行调查。参与者完成田纳西自我概念量表（TSCS）、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）和药物成瘾者生命质量测定量表（QOL-DA）。结果 高自我概念组吸毒人员的积极应对得分和生活质量均高于低自我概念组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；吸毒人员的自我概念在积极应对与生活质量之间的中介效应值为0.224（95%CI:0.063~0.434），中介效应显著，占总效应的26.4%。结论 自我概念介导了回归社会的吸毒人员应对方式与生活质量之间的关系，应在学校和特定社区开展提高自我概念和应对技巧的培训。     

赋能心理护理对ICU患者家属心理压力及应对方式的影响

目的 探讨赋能心理护理对ICU患者家属心理压力及应对方式的影响。方法 选取2017年1-12月我院收治的120例ICU患者的主要照顾家属为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组及对照组,每组各60例。对照组行常规健康宣教,观察组在对照组基础上行赋能心理干预,比较2组心理压力、自我效能及应对方式。结果 干预后,观察组自我效能评分、积极应对方式评分均明显高于对照组(t=8.477,P<0.001;t=10.845,P<0.001),而消极应对方式评分明显低于对照组(t=8.935,P<0.001)。观察组紧张感、失控感及心理压力总评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 赋能心理干预能有效提高ICU重症患者家属自我效能,使家属能积极面对患者病情,减轻患者家属心理负担。     

Relación de la procrastinación académica con la competencia percibida,el afrontamiento,la autoestima y la autoeficacia en estudiantes de enfermería

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to study the role that perceived competence, resilient coping, self-esteem and self-efficacy can have as protective factors of the academic procrastination of nursing students.MethodParticipants were 237 nursing students, 202 women and 35 men. The participants answered a questionnaire that contained the Spanish forms of the following instruments: Tuckman Procrastination Scale (TPS), Perceived Personal Competence Scale (PPC), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE).ResultsSignificant and negative correlation coefficients (p < .01) were obtained between the procrastination scale and the rest of the measures used. The linear regression analysis identified Perceived Competence (PPC) as the only predictive variable of procrastinating behaviour, explaining 21.5% (R²aj) of the variance.DiscussionThe results of the study show the important protective role that the variables associated with ‘positive’ psychology have on procrastination. Of special relevance for the theory and practice of teaching is the result that indicates the predictive role of Perceived Competence on the academic procrastination of students.     

问题导向干预对卵巢癌患者应对方式及心理弹性的影响

目的探讨问题导向干预对卵巢癌患者应对方式及心理弹性的影响。方法选取96例卵巢癌患者,随机分为两组各48例,对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上行问题导向护理干预,比较两组的应对方式和心理弹性。结果干预后,观察组的面对评分显著高于对照组,屈服和回避评分显著低于对照组,心理弹性各项目评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论问题导向干预能有效缓解卵巢癌患者的负面情绪,增加积极应对方式,提升心理弹性,促进患者转归。