Hiperplasia endotelial papilar intravascular (tumor Masson) de localización ginecológica

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia or Masson's tumour is a non-neoplastic vascular lesion of reactive character. It is a rare diagnosis, clinically non-specific and with diverse locations. It is essential to take it into consideration and make a differential diagnosis with malignant vascular tumours such as angiosarcoma. Pathological study is fundamental for diagnosis. Treatment consists of complete resection of the tumour, including sufficiently wide margins to avoid recurrence.The case reported is an exceptional event, because of the pelvic location of the Masson's tumour that was diagnosed as part of the surgical staging of an ovarian cancer.     

How accurate is atherosclerosis imaging by coronary computed tomography angiography?

Invasive coronary plaque imaging such as intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography has been widely used to observe culprit or non-culprit coronary atherosclerosis, as well as optimize stent sizing, apposition and deployment. Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is non-invasively available to assess coronary artery disease (CAD) and has become an appropriate strategy to evaluate patients with suspected CAD. Given recent technologies, semi-automated plaque software is available to identify coronary plaque stenosis, volume and characteristics and potentially allows to be used for the assessment of more details of plaque information, progression and future risk as a surrogate tool of the invasive imaging modalities. This review article aims to focus on various evidence in coronary plaque imaging by coronary CTA and describes how accurate coronary CTA can classify coronary atherosclerosis.     

Effect of Shuxinyin (舒心饮) on In-Stent Restenosis after Coronary Artery Stenting

Objective: To evaluate the effect of anti-platelet regimens and it's combination with Shuxinyin (SXY, 舒心饮,) on in-stent restenosis after stent implantation. Methods: Forty-four patients with successful stent implantation in a coronary artery were randomly assigned to the treated group (n=20) and the control group (n=24). The treated group received: SXY and anti-platelet therapy. The control group were treated with anti-platelet regimens only. Platelet activation was assessed before and immediately after the stenting by flow cytometry, the expression of P-selectin (CD62P) and glycoprotein(GP) Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor. It was reassessed on the 30th day after stenting. Plasma fibrinogen (Fg) and C-reaction protein (CRP) were measured by biuret and laser scattering turbidimetry respectively at the same time. Observation was made on the scoring of the symptoms of Qi deficiency syndrome, Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome in the two groups. Differences between groups were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, combination with SXY and anti-platelet therapy was remarkable in reducing plasma CRP (P<0.05), and also with the tendency to decrease plasma Fg, GPⅡb/Ⅲa and CD62P. It could also evidently decrease the scoring of Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome, Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome after stenting (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.01) respectively. Follow-up survey found 40% relapse of angina pectoris with 4 cases of in-stent restenosis proved by angiography in the treated group. But the relapse of angina pectoris in the control group was 67% with 2 cases of myocardial infarction (MI), 7 cases of in-stent restenosis proved by angiography and one death. Conclusions: Combination with SXY and anti-platelet regimens can prevent stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis after stent implantation, and it seems superior to anti-platelet therapy only.     

Long-term Results of Primary Stent Placement to Treat Infrarenal Aortic Stenosis

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and the long-term results of primary stent placement for localized distal aortic occlusive disease. DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 1998 to July 2005 17 patients (14 female and 3 men, mean age 57 years (39-80)) were treated for intermittent claudication. Five of these patients underwent additional endovascular treatment of focal iliac lesions. RESULTS: Technical success defined as residual stenosis of less than 50% or a trans-stenotic systolic pressure gradient <10% was achieved in 14 of 17 (82%) patients. Major complications included dissection at the puncture site in one patient and thrombosis of additional iliac stents in another patient. Both of these complications were successfully treated. During a mean follow-up of 27 months (range 1-86), four patients had recurrence of symptoms due to in-stent restenoses (n=2), femoral (n=1) or iliac occlusion (n=1), respectively. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, primary aortic hemodynamic patency was 83% at 3 years. Secondary aortic hemodynamic patency was 100%. The primary clinical patency was 68% at 3 years. CONCLUSION: Primary stent placement for distal aortic stenoses is an alternative to surgical treatment because of its high patency and relatively low complication rates.     

血管内超声显像在冠心病支架植入术中的应用

目的探讨血管内超声在冠心病支架植入中的作用。方法50例患者的52处病变在支架植入前后分别用血管内超声进行定量和定性分析,并根据血管内超声标准决定支架的直径以及植入的终点,分析CAG和IVUS对支架植入终点判断的差异和最终获得的管腔面积大小的差别以及支架后管腔面积增大的机制。结果IVUS比CAG判断的平均支架直径大[(3.48±0.29)mmvs(3.36±0.33)mm,P=0.011],支架囊的最终峰值压力明显增大[(17.7±2.9)atmvs(12.8±2.4)atm,P<0.001],QCA测得的支架面积狭窄百分比减小(13.2%±6.6%vs16.6%±9.1%,P=0.044);首次高压扩张后支架满意率CAG达96.2%,而IVUS只有37.7%。IVUS指导后最终的球囊压力更高[(16.13±1.87)atmvs(12.62±2.61)atm,P<0.001],获得的管腔直径更大[(3.64±0.53)mmvs(3.31±0.57)mm,P<0.001],管腔面积也更大[(9.90±2.05)mm2vs(8.84±1.67)mm2,P<0.001],面积狭窄百分比更小(49.15%±9.03%vs54.24%±10.05%,P<0.001];所有患者支架的近段和远段CAG均未发现明显的狭窄。而IVUS却发现支架近段血管有39例(75.0%),远段血管有23(44.2%)例存在动脉粥样硬化斑块;支架植入后非脂质斑块较脂质斑块获得的管腔面积更大[(4.50±1.67)mm2vs(3.68±0.97)mm2,P<0.001],其中脂质斑块血管面积增大较非脂质斑块小1.30mm2,斑块压缩程度却增加0.48mm2。结论IVUS较CAG能更好地判断病变的性质,指导支架更好地选择,可获得更大的管腔面积,更小的面积狭窄百分比。     

血管内支架模型及离体血管经腔内超声三维重建的实验研究

我们自制了16个不同形状和大小的金属支架模型，置入人造血管腔中，并采用高体正常血管8条（犬腹主动脉4条，人冠状动脉4条）进行经血管腔内超声显像（IVUS）的体元模型三维重建（3DR）研究。结果显示，该技术能真实地再现支架在管腔内的形态、支架与管壁之间的间隙及离体正常血管的管腔及管壁形态，经提取后重建的支架模型与实物非常相似。经3DR测得的支架及血管腔内径与实测值均高度相关（r分别为0.96和0.99，p＜0．001）。支架与管壁之间空隙的3DR测值与实测值也高度相关（r=0.97，p＜r.0.01）。     

ENDOSCOPIC PANCREATIC STENTING IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS WITH DUCTAL DILATION PROXIMAL TO A STRICTURE: A SAFE and EFFECTIVE PROTOCOL

After removal of intraductal stones, a 10‐Fr or 7‐Fr pancreatic stent was placed in 16 patients with upstream ductal dilation proximal to a stricture of the main pancreatic duct. Stents were removed after a mean duration of 52.5 days. Nine patients underwent repeated stenting. About one year after removal of the initial stent, when the remaining upstream ductal dilation was found on follow‐up pancreatograms, the next stent was replaced. Repeated stenting improved outflow of pancreatic juice more effectively than one‐time stenting. Correlation between long‐term pain relief without recurrence of intraductal stones and reduction of duct diameter was also shown. Stent occlusion was observed in 14 of 30 stents. Stent occlusion was frequently associated with recurrence of pancreatitis and intraductal stones, and was also associated with morphologic changes in the pancreatic ductal system. Although there were no significant differences between stent patency of the initial stents and that of the next stents, stent patency of 10‐Fr stents was superior to that of 7‐Fr stents. 10‐Fr stents should be removed within 8 weeks and 7‐Fr stents should be removed within 4 weeks for the prevention of stent occlusion. Repeated stenting with short‐term stenting is therefore considered a safe and effective protocol of endoscopic pancreatic stenting.