医学院校图书馆体验式阅读推广实践研究

介绍体验式阅读推广模式内涵，以湖北中医药大学图书馆为例，详细阐述将体验式阅读推广方式与医学经典相结合的活动设计、实施、评估、宣传等环节具体情况，总结经验和问题并提出解决途径，为相关医学院校开展体验式阅读推广活动提供借鉴。     

The quality of mother–child shared reading: its relations to child’s storytelling and home literacy environment

In the present study, we analysed the relations among the quality of mother–child shared reading, child’s storytelling and family literacy environment. The sample included 20 mother–child dyads, with 5-year-old children, who were recorded during shared reading. The quality of shared reading was assessed with the Scale for Observing Shared Reading while children’s storytelling was assessed with the textless book Frog Goes to Dinner. We found that the quality of mother–child shared reading was related to the coherence of children’s stories and to the factors of home literacy environment. Child’s age when parents started reading to him, the number of all books and children’s books in child’s home together explained 43.1% of the variance in the quality of shared reading. The findings give an insight into the process of the quality of the interactive reading between a child and an adult and emphasize the importance of shared reading for child’s storytelling.     

Readability of Patient Educational Materials in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: Has a Decade Made a Difference?

BackgroundThe Internet has become an increasingly popular resource among orthopedic patients for health education. Numerous organisations recommend that patient educational materials (PEMs) should not exceed the 6^th grade reading level. Despite this, studies have repeatedly shown the reading grade level (RGL) of PEMs to be too advanced across a range of surgical specialties. We aimed to determine the readability of online hip and knee arthroplasty PEMs.MethodsThe readability of 134 articles pertaining to hip and knee arthroplasty from 5leading worldwide healthcare websites were assessed, using 8 readability formulae; the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level, the Flesch Reading Ease Score, Raygor Estimate, SMOG, Coleman-Liau, Fry, FORCAST and Gunning Fog. The mean RGL was compared to the 6^th and 8^thgrade reading level. The mean RGL of each website was also compared.ResultsThe mean cumulative RGL was 12 (range = 7-16.1). No articles (0%) were written at a 6^th grade reading level and only 4 articles (3%) were written at or below the 8^th grade reading level. The mean RGL was significantly higher than the 6^th (95% CI, 5.62-6.30; P < .0001) and 8^th grade reading level (95% CI, 3.63-4.30; P < .0001). There was a significant difference between the RGLs of the 5websites (P = .001).ConclusionArthroplasty PEMs produced by leading worldwide healthcare organisations have readability scores that are above the recommended levels. Given the imperative role of health literacy in patient outcomes and satisfaction, and the increasing prevalence of Internet use among orthopedic patients, a substantial amount of work needs to be done to improve the readability of these materials.     

不同阅读方式对中班幼儿叙事能力的影响

目的 分析自主阅读和分享阅读对幼儿叙事能力的影响,为有效促进幼儿叙事能力的发展提供科学依据。方法 2017年3-5月抽取1所幼儿园,将其中班幼儿分为实验组(分享阅读组)和对照组(自主阅读组)进行为期4周的实验研究。结果 方差分析表明,前后测试,阅读方式和故事要素主效应显著(F=40.44,28.60,39.67,P<0.001)。简单效应分析表明,在后测试中分享阅读组的成绩显著高于自主阅读组,且故事背景、尝试行动及故事结果的成绩显著高于故事起因和内在反应(P<0.05),但在故事起因维度中,分享阅读组的成绩与自主阅读组的成绩差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 不同阅读方式对促进幼儿的叙事能力各维度的发展均有正向作用,但效果不一。分享阅读对幼儿叙事能力发展的效果优于自主阅读,但在故事起因方面,两种阅读方式均无显著促进作用。     

人工智能辅助系统在宫颈病变细胞学诊断中的应用效果研究

目的：分析人工智能(AI)辅助系统在宫颈病变细胞学诊断中的应用效果。方法：收集宫颈液基薄层细胞学(TCT)标本2 719例，同时进行AI辅助阅片和人工阅片，比较两者的一致性。以活体组织检查结果为金标准，比较AI辅助阅片和人工阅片的准确性，诊断高级别病变及癌的敏感性、特异性及ROC曲线下面积。结果：AI辅助阅片和人工阅片的细胞学分级诊断结果基本一致。AI辅助阅片在诊断低级别病变及炎症的准确率高于人工阅片(P<0.01)。在诊断高级别病变及癌方面，AI辅助阅片敏感性为82.1%，高于人工阅片的敏感性48.3%；AI辅助阅片特异度为94.3%，略低于人工阅片的特异度95.0%；AI辅助阅片的ROC曲线下面积为0.882，大于人工阅片的ROC曲线下面积0.717(P<0.01)。结论：AI辅助阅片在宫颈癌诊断方面准确度较高，不仅能提高宫颈癌筛查的覆盖率，而且能提高筛查质量，能够在广大人群中得到广泛推广。     

Tips for reading patents: a concise introduction for scientists

Many commercial and academic institutions protect their commercially valuable research information using patents, making the patent literature a rich and early source of cutting-edge research. While scientists and students often create the data that finds its way into patents, some rarely read the patent literature. Here, we provide an informal and brief collection of hints and tips that may assist scientists and students who do not regularly read the patent literature to locate the key scientific findings that are disclosed by patentees. These tips will introduce the reader to: (i) the general structure of patents and the sections of the patents that scientists and students may find particularly helpful; and (ii) a few factors to keep in mind when using data disclosed in the patent literature, such as patent lifespans, jurisdictions and the patent review processes. Although this is not a comprehensive and complete guide to reading patents, the accessible nature of this informal introduction to patent reading should assist scientists and students to make more effective use of the cutting-edge research disclosed in patent specifications.