A Mixed-Methods Study of the Effect of Abdominal Binders on Opioid Use and Postoperative Pain After Cesarean Birth

ObjectiveTo compare levels of postoperative oxycodone use and incisional pain between two randomized groups—an intervention and a control.DesignMixed-methods design; quantitative data achieved via a randomized controlled trial, with qualitative data collected on binder use. The primary variable was oxycodone (in milligrams) required during the first 48 hours after birth, and the secondary variable was incisional pain levels measured on Postoperative Days 1 and 2.SettingAcute-care community hospital in Wheat Ridge, Colorado, and an acute care urban hospital in Denver, Colorado.ParticipantsA total of 220 individuals in the postpartum period after having cesarean birth.Interventions/MeasurementsParticipants were randomized to the intervention group (binder) or the control group (no binder). Data were collected on opioid usage for the first 48 hours. Participants in both groups were asked to rate their incisional pain on Postoperative Day 1 (24 hours after birth) and Postoperative Day 2 (48 hours after birth). Participants in the binder group were also asked to provide feedback on their experience wearing the binder.ResultsA total of 196 participants completed the study. The overall amount of oxycodone taken by individuals in the binder group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = .10). Pain scores in the binder group were significantly lower on Day 2 compared with the control group (p = .002). The majority of individuals in the binder group provided positive feedback about their experience wearing the binder.ConclusionIndividuals routinely receive medications to assist with pain management postoperatively. Because of growing concerns related to the nation’s opioid addiction crisis, there is interest in using multimodal treatments to achieve adequate pain control for individuals postoperatively. Abdominal binders are a low-cost intervention to assist with pain management and, given the results of this study, seem like a reasonable option to consider.     

右美托咪啶与芬太尼联合对ICU 腹部外科术后机械通气患者镇静镇痛的效果比较

目的:探讨右美托咪啶与芬太尼联合在ICU腹部外科术后机械通气患者中的应用效果及对镇静、镇痛作用的影响。方法:选择2018年5月—2019年6月ICU腹部外科术后机械通气患者62例,随机分为对照组(n=31例)和观察组(n=31例)。两组均采用芬太尼持续静脉泵入,对照组采用咪达唑仑镇静镇痛,观察组采用右美托咪啶镇静镇痛,比较两组镇痛镇静效果、镇静剂使用剂量、苏醒及达到镇静所需时间、血流动力学水平及安全性。结果:两组T2、T3时间点VAS评分分别为(2.40±0.31 vs 2.43±0.32和2.01±0.12 vs 2.05±0.15)、Ramsay量表评分分别(3.21±0.35 vs 3.20±0.33和3.01±0.25vs 3.00±0.24)均低于T1时间点(VAS评分2.94±0.69 vs 2.96±0.71;Ramsay量表评分3.57±0.61 vs 3.58±0.62)(P0.05);观察组右美托咪啶联合芬太尼镇痛镇静达到镇静所需时间(34.29±3.56) min长于对照组(23.63±3.21)(t=5.535,P=0.043);观察组镇静剂使用剂量(220.59±15.25)μg、苏醒时间(3.29±0.69)min均少(短)于对照组镇静剂使用剂量(386.44±18.92)μg、苏醒时间(7.56±1.21)min(t=6.294、6.092,P=0.023、0.025);两组T1、T2时间点心率[观察组T1(88.47±9.76)次/min、T2(86.41±9.43)次/min;对照组T1(89.53±10.41)次/min、T2(87.46±9.58)次/min]均高于T0时间点[观察组(78.78±4.35)次/min、对照组(79.12±4.41)次/min](P0.05);观察组T1、T2时间点MVP(79.58±5.71、87.53±6.76)mmHg高于对照组(74.12±4.69、75.26±5.61)mmHg(t=9.613、7.223,P=0.011、0.016);观察组的不良反应发生率为6.45%,与对照组的12.90%差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.214, P=0.643)。结论:将右美托咪啶联合芬太尼用于ICU腹部外科术后机械通气患者中能获得良好的镇痛、镇静效果,缩短苏醒及达到镇静所需时间,血流动力学相对稳定,药物安全性较高,值得推广应用。     

参芪润肠通便汤治疗小儿便秘的临床疗效

目的观察参芪润肠通便汤治疗小儿便秘的临床疗效。方法选定麻城市人民医院中医儿科门诊治疗的小儿便秘患儿80例,研究时段自2017年2月—2019年1月,按照治疗方式进行分组,分对照组(40例,常规药物治疗)、试验组(40例,参芪润肠通便汤治疗),回顾分析患儿临床资料,比较临床疗效、症状积分。结果试验组临床总有效率(95.00%)显著较对照组(77.50%)高,P<0.05;试验组治疗前1 d大便全程干燥、腹部胀满、胃纳减退评分与对照组相比存在差异,但P<0.05,治疗2周后两组上述评分均降低,且试验组较对照组低,P<0.05。结论针对小儿便秘患儿,参芪润肠通便汤可改善患者症状,促进其病情恢复,患儿整体状态得以改善,值得借鉴。     

Clinical analysis of high-intensity focussed ultrasound ablation for abdominal wall endometriosis: a 4-year experience at a specialty gynecological institution

Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical effect of high-intensity focussed ultrasound (HIFU) as a non-invasive modality for ablation of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) foci.

Methods: All women who were diagnosed with cutaneous endometriosis and underwent HIFU ablation and 4-year follow-up were included. Patient symptoms, imaging performed, HIFU ablation, recurrence, lesion location, size and number were collected and analyzed.

Results: A total of 51 women with 57 painful abdominal wall masses with a median volume of 4.00?cm³ and a mean age of 30.5±2.12 years were treated with HIFU. The main symptoms were a palpable painful abdominal mass (93%), protrusion of the skin (28.1%, 16) or lack of protrusion of the skin (71.9%, 41). Ultrasound was initially performed in 100% (51) of women, whereas 6% (3) required MRI examinations to distinguish the features and range of the masses. Ablation was performed with a median 300?s of sonication time, 40?min treatment time, 150?W of power and 41800?J of total energy to treat lesions that were a median volume of 3.83?cm³. No severe complications occurred, except in one patient with a first-degree skin burn, during the 48-month follow-up period. The pooled recurrence of cutaneous endometriosis occurred in 3.9% (2) of women.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of AWE should be confirmed with imaging of the lesion number, location, size and features before HIFU ablation. HIFU should be the first choice for the treatment of AWE as it is a non-invasive method, with high efficiency and safety and rapid postoperative recovery.     

脂肪抽吸联合腹壁成形术改善腹部形态临床应用

目的探讨脂肪抽吸与腹壁成形术联合进行腹壁体形重塑的临床疗效,总结手术成功与减少并发症的经验。方法对18例腹部脂肪堆积伴腹壁皮肤松弛的患者采用肿胀麻醉,负压吸引器行腹壁脂肪抽吸;做耻骨联合上W形切口,折叠缝合腹直肌前鞘,切除多余皮瓣后分层缝合腹壁。结果所有切口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访4~24个月,腹部平坦,切口瘢痕不明显,腹围平均缩小15 cm,外形满意。结论根据患者腹部皮肤、皮下脂肪、腹壁肌肉等多方面的情况,有针对性的采用脂肪抽吸与腹壁整形相结合的腹壁体形重塑术,能够获得满意的效果,手术方法安全可靠。     

Fetal anterior abdominal wall thickness between gestational diabetes and normal pregnant women

ObjectivesTo compare fetal anterior abdominal wall thickness (AAWT) between women with and without GDM during third trimester and to determine accuracy of AAWT to predict large for gestational age (LGA) infants.Materials and methodsA total of 250 pregnant women, including 125 women with GDM and 125 women without GDM, were enrolled. Tansabdominal ultrasonographic examinations were performed at 28–30, 32–34 and 36–38 weeks. In addition to standard fetal biometries, AAWT was measured. Patient characteristics and ultrasonographic measurements were compared between groups. Sensitivity and specificity of AAWT for identifying LGA were evaluated.ResultsWhile standard fetal biometries were comparable, mean fetal AAWT in GDM women were significantly higher than those without GDM at 28–30 weeks (2.8 ± 0.8 vs. 2.6 ± 0.6, p = 0.006) and 32–34 weeks (4.0 ± 0.9 vs. 3.5 ± 0.8, p = 0.042). LGA infants had significantly higher fetal AAWT at each time point only in GDM women. Using cut off values of AAWT of ≥2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mm at 28–30, 32–34, and 36–38 weeks, sensitivity for LGA diagnosis in GDM women were 94.4%, 93.9%, and 89.3%, respectively. The use of abdominal circumference (AC) at >90th percentile showed lower sensitivity but higher specificity, regardless of GDM status. Combination of both measurements increased sensitivity to approximately 90% or higher in every time point, especially among GDM women.ConclusionSignificant increase in fetal AAWT was observed in GDM women at 28–30 and 32–34 weeks. Fetal AAWT significantly increased among LGA infants and had higher sensitivity than AC in identifying LGA during third trimester. In GDM women at 28–30 weeks, AAWT ≥2.0 mm and AC >90th percentile had 97.2% sensitivity for LGA diagnosis.     

引气归元针法的研究进展

引气归元针法是腹针常用的针刺取穴手法,通过腹部腧穴的针刺刺激以调理先天、后天,从而达到神气条达、气血荣和、驱邪治病的目的。本文通过检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)和万方数字化期刊全文数据库等相关文献,从相关学者对引气归元针法的理论探讨、临床运用两个方面进行分析总结,以期为临床研究提供参考。     

去势比格犬腹部脂肪与相关血清学指标及骨密度的变化关系

目的通过建立去势比格犬模型,观察绝经早期腹部脂肪变化规律,并通过对脂肪与骨代谢相关血清学指标的测量与分析,探讨脂肪及骨代谢的关键影响因素。方法选取6只成年雌性比格犬进行去势术,分别在术前、术后4个月、6个月、10个月进行腰椎定量CT(quantatitive computed tomography,QCT)腹部脂肪面积、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、MRI腰椎骨髓脂肪含量及血清学指标的检测,比较不同时间各指标的变化趋势及关系。结果比格犬腹内脂肪面积(visceral fat area,VFA)、皮下脂肪面积(subcutaneous fat area,SFA)、腹部总脂肪面积(total fat area,TFA)在术后6个月、10个月均增加(P0.05),术后10个月VFA增加百分比均值为84.39%,且为三者中最大;术后比格犬BMD并未明显降低。体重、BMD、瘦素(leptin,LP)、VFA、高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)与SFA相关。SFA、体重、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein,LDL)、内脏脂肪素(visfatin,VFN)与BMD相关。结论去势比格犬模型可用于研究绝经后雌激素缺乏所引起的脂肪代谢变化,但短期内BMD并未明显丢失,骨、脂肪代谢之间存在交互作用。     

王克穷教授参合腹诊应用大陷胸汤临证经验

《伤寒论》乃经方之祖,而其中关于腹诊论述的条文达1/4以上,是临床选方用药的重要依据,临床实践中对于经方的使用,更应该注重腹诊。大陷胸汤出自《伤寒论》,乃峻下之剂,然今之医者,恐其太过峻猛,鲜有人使用此方,近年来相关报道也较少,但若处方用药恰当,则可取得事半功倍的效果,为指导经方临床应用开阔了思路。