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1.
《Indian heart journal》2022,74(6):474-477
Background and objectivesAmbulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring has become useful in the diagnosis and management of hypertensive individuals. In this study we tried to know the role of office and ambulatory BP in treated hypertensive patients.Methods and patientsProspective cohort of 561 treated hypertensive patients were enrolled in the study. Hypertension definitions were according to JNC 8 classification. Office BP and ambulatory BP monitoring was done according to defined protocol.ResultsFrom a subgroup of 158 treated hypertensive patients, 91(16.2%) patients were having white coat hypertension (p value 0.00 by Pearson chi square test). In a subset of 403 patients who were having controlled BP on the day of enrolment as well as on the day of attaching ambulatory BP monitor; 98 (17.4%) patients were having masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH). In addition there was very significant percentage of non-dippers and reverse dippers. In our study we found that office BP has a moderate to low specificity and sensitivity and low negative predictive value for overall control in treated hypertensive patients.ConclusionAmbulatory BP monitoring should be included in the management protocol of treated hypertensive patients, for the optimal BP control. 相似文献
2.
视觉通路包括视神经、视交叉、视束、视放射及视皮质。常规磁共振检查技术难以发现视路损伤后白质纤维微结构改变,眼科学检查也存在一定的局限性及主观性,且不能探测后视路的变化。弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)作为一种新兴的磁共振成像技术,通过各种后处理分析方法结合不同的参数进行分析,可提供组织的微结构信息,并能够直观显示活体白质纤维束,在无创地探索疾病的神经病理机制、评估预后方面起着重要的作用。近年来随着DTI后处理方法的不断创新,其在视路损伤中的研究越来越多。本文在介绍DTI的主要参数及常见脑白质微结构分析方法的同时,阐述了其在视路损伤研究中的应用,并进一步对各种分析方法的优缺点进行总结。 相似文献
3.
Seulbi Lee Hyesook Park Soontae Kim Eun-Kyung Lee Jiyoung Lee Young Sun Hong Eunhee Ha 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2019,222(3):533-540
Background
It has been reported that particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) while metabolic syndrome is also an important risk factor for CVD. However, few studies have investigated the epidemiological association between PM and metabolic syndrome.Objective
To investigate the association between one-year exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5?μm (PM2.5) and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults without CVD.Methods
Exposure to PM2.5 was assessed using a Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Metabolic syndrome was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Andersen and Gill model with time-varying covariates, considering recurrent events, was used to investigate the association between one-year average PM2.5 and the risk of incident metabolic syndrome in 119,998 adults from the national health screening cohort provided by Korea National Health Insurance from 2009 to 2013.Results
Higher risk of metabolic syndrome, waist-based obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, and hyperglycemia were significantly associated with a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 [adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.070, 1.510, 1.499, 1.468, 1.627 and 1.380, respectively]. In addition, the risk of metabolic syndrome associated with PM2.5 exposure was significant in the consistently obese group (obese at baseline and endpoint).Conclusion
Exposure to one-year average PM2.5 is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults without CVD. These associations are particularly prominent in the consistently obese group (obese at baseline and endpoint). Our findings indicate that PM2.5 affects the onset of MS and its components which may lead to increase the risk of CVD. 相似文献4.
Chien-Hua Tseng Ben-Jei Tsuang Chun-Ju Chiang Kai-Chen Ku Jeng-Sen Tseng Tsung-Ying Yang Kuo-Hsuan Hsu Kun-Chieh Chen Sung-Liang Yu Wen-Chung Lee Tsang-Wu Liu Chang-Chuan Chan Gee-Chen Chang 《Journal of thoracic oncology》2019,14(5):784-792
Introduction
For never-smokers (smoked <100 lifetime cigarettes), lung cancer (LC) has emerged as an important issue. We aimed to investigate the effects of prevalence changes in tobacco smoking and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (PM2.5) levels on LC in Taiwan, in relation to contrasting PM2.5 levels, between Northern Taiwan (NT) and Southern Taiwan (ST).Methods
We reviewed 371,084 patients with LC to assess smoking prevalence and correlations between the incidence of adenocarcinoma lung cancer (AdLC) and non-AdLC. Two subsets were selected to assess different AdLC stage trends and the effect of PM2.5 on survival of patients with AdLC.Results
From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of male adult ever-smokers decreased from 59.4% to 29.9% whereas the female smoking rate remained low (3.2% to 5.3%). AdLC incidence in males and females increased from 9.06 to 23.25 and 7.05 to 24.22 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 1993, atmospheric visibility in NT improved (from 7.6 to 11.5 km), but deteriorated in ST (from 16.3 to 4.2 km). The annual percent change in AdLC stages IB to IV was 0.3% since 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9%–2.6%) in NT, and 4.6% since 2007 (95% CI: 3.3%–5.8%) in ST; 53% patients with LC had never smoked. Five-year survival rates for never-smokers, those with EGFR wild-type genes, and female patients with AdLC were 12.6% in NT and 4.5% in ST (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.90).Conclusions
In Taiwan, greater than 50% of patients with LC had never smoked. PM2.5 level changes can affect AdLC incidence and patient survival. 相似文献5.
目的: 采用Tox21毒性检测数据库中通路数据对2017年石家庄市供暖期大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中多环芳烃(PAHs)的检测数据进行分析计算,评估PM2.5引起毒性通路激活的风险。方法: 在石家庄市河北医科大学远离工业污染源设置1个采样点收集大气PM2.5,通过气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS)检测美国环境保护署优先控制的16种PAHs的浓度。利用MPPD软件计算各PAHs单体在成人肺泡中的沉积量;检索Tox21毒性检测数据库中芳烃受体(AhR)、核因子E2相关因子(Nrf2)、p53和核因子κB(NF-κB)各通路的剂量反应关系数据,计算各PAHs单体激活各通路的单位强度;结合PAHs在肺泡的沉积量和PAHs激活通路的强度,评估PM2.5激活各个通路的风险。结果: 石家庄市供暖期PM2.5中PAHs检测结果显示,苯并[a]芘的日均浓度为9.13 ng/m3,日均浓度排名前3的苯并[b]荧蒽、荧蒽和芘的浓度分别为22.88、17.86及14.31 ng/m3。这16种PAHs以苯并[a]芘为参照的毒性当量浓度为17.74 ng/m3。毒性通路激活风险预测结果提示激活强度最大的是NF-κB通路,其次是AhR、Nrf2,p53被激活的可能性最弱,其中相对应的活性暴露比(AER)值分别为1.97、1.71、0.58和0.28。结论: 石家庄市大气细颗粒物中PAHs的暴露,可能通过激活NF-κB和AhR信号通路增加致癌风险。 相似文献
6.
Kristina Shkirkova Krista Lamorie-Foote Michelle Connor Arati Patel Giuseppe Barisano Hans Baertsch 《Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews》2020,23(7):319-350
ABSTRACT Fine and ultra-fine particulate matter (PM) are major constituents of urban air pollution and recognized risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This review examined the effects of PM exposure on vascular tissue. Specific mechanisms by which PM affects the vasculature include inflammation, oxidative stress, actions on vascular tone and vasomotor responses, as well as atherosclerotic plaque formation. Further, there appears to be a greater PM exposure effect on susceptible individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. 相似文献
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8.
目的探究临床用乌司他丁辅助治疗重症感染性休克的治疗效果。方法90例重症感染性休克患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组45例。对照组患者采用西医常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上联合乌司他丁治疗。比较两组患者治疗效果、体温情况、感染情况以及治疗前后白细胞计数、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平、格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分、急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分。结果治疗后,观察组白细胞计数(7.34±1.32)×10^9/L低于对照组的(9.41±1.16)×10^9/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组高热、感染体征发生率分别为97.78%、86.67%,均高于对照组的82.22%、62.22%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组体温恢复时间、感染消失时间分别为(7.19±1.39)、(3.88±0.89)d,均短于对照组的(9.81±1.88)、(10.76±1.57)d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者血清IL-6为(4.27±0.95)μg/L低于对照组的(9.58±1.07)μg/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者GCS评分和APACHEⅡ评分较治疗前均有所改善,GCS评分(8.19±1.59)分、APACHEⅡ评分(8.83±0.82)分均优于对照组的(6.81±1.82)、(14.71±3.52)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗总有效率95.56%明显高于对照组的77.78%,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=6.154,P<0.05)。结论乌司他丁具有较好的抗炎效果,与西医治疗相结合可以提高临床疗效,加快重症感染性休克患者退热速度,缩短感染时间,降低白细胞计数及血清IL-6水平,改善GCS评分和APACHEⅡ评分,临床疗效较好。 相似文献
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10.
Takahiro Namiki Chika Takano Ryoji Aoki Quang Duy Trinh Ichiro Morioka Satoshi Hayakawa 《Congenital anomalies》2022,62(1):38-41
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) results from maternal rubella virus infection in early pregnancy. Abnormal neuroimaging findings have been analyzed in a small number of CRS patients in the past; however, their clinical significance has been poorly addressed. Therefore, we have investigated the neuroimaging findings of 31 patients with CRS from previous studies. The most common finding was parenchymal calcification, which was observed in 18 of 31 patients (58.1%). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that it was associated with psychomotor or mental retardation (p = 0.018), suggesting that parenchymal calcification in CRS could be a prognostic factor. 相似文献