Aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and occurrence of colorectal adenoma in Black American women

Evidence suggests that aspirin use reduces the occurrence of colorectal neoplasia. Few studies have investigated the association among Black Americans, who are disproportionately burdened by the disease. We assessed aspirin use in relation to colorectal adenoma among Black women. The Black Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort of self-identified Black American women established in 1995. Participants reported regular aspirin use on baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Beginning in 1999, participants reported undergoing a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, the only procedures through which colorectal adenomas can be diagnosed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between aspirin use and colorectal adenoma among 34 397 women who reported at least 1 colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. From 1997 through 2018, 1913 women were diagnosed with an adenoma. Compared to nonaspirin users, regular users had 14% (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.95) lower odds of adenoma. The odds of adenoma decreased with increasing duration of aspirin use (≥10 years: OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96). Initiating aspirin at a younger age was associated with a reduced adenoma occurrence (age < 40 years at initiation: OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86). Regular aspirin use was associated with a decreased odds of colorectal adenoma in our study of Black women. These findings support evidence demonstrating a chemopreventive impact of aspirin on colorectal neoplasia and suggest that aspirin may be a useful prevention strategy among US Black women.     

中药口服对经内镜摘除后大肠腺瘤 防治作用的Meta分析

目的：评价中药口服对经内镜摘除后大肠腺瘤的防治作用。方法：搜索Pubmed、Embase、Web of science、CBM、万方数据库、中国知网、维普数据库、Cochrane Library中关于中医药防治大肠腺瘤息肉术后的临床随机对照实验的文献。对纳入文献进行筛选、提取，评估，运用Review Manager 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入13篇文献，1 103例患者，以临床有效率为观察指标的有5篇，异质性检验Chi2=0.67、df=4（P=0.96)、I2=0%，使用固定效应模型统计OR=3.56，95%CI：［2.03,6.23］,Z=4.45（P<0.000 01），观察组优于对照组，2组临床疗效差异有统计学意义。以半年复发率为观察指标的有10篇，异质性检验Chi2=9.26、df=9（P=0.41)、I2=3%，使用固定效应模型合并统计量OR=3.29，95%CI：［2.30,4.69］,Z=6.54（P<0.000 01），观察组复发率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义；以1年复发率为观察指标的有7篇，异质性检验Chi2=6.01、df=6（P=0.42)、I2=3%，使用固定效应模型合并统计量OR=4.21，95%CI：［2.88,6.16］,Z=7.41（P<0.000 01），观察组复发率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义。结论：中药口服对降低内镜下切除大肠腺瘤复发率有效，同时改善术后腹痛腹泻症状，以参苓白术散加减为代表的健脾方药具有良好的临床疗效。     

肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的临床病理特征分析

目的探讨肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤(PCC)的临床病理特征。方法收集22例PCC患者的临床病历资料,分析临床表现、病理特征、免疫组织化学特征、鉴别诊断、治疗和预后。结果患者中位年龄46岁(23~67岁);男性13例、女性9例;临床常见症状包括高血压、腹胀腹痛;Ⅰ期10例、Ⅱ期12例;中位随访时间为72.5个月(14.9~117.7个月),其中1例复发、1例转移,其余患者均未发生复发及转移;CgA、Syn和CD56阳性表达率分别为95.2%、95.2%、100.0%,CK、Melan-A阴性表达率分别为90.5%和100.0%,Ki-67增殖指数低于10%,S100阳性表达率为76.2%。结论肾上腺PCC发病率低,但有转移和复发的可能,需要定期随访。     

Endoscopic diagnosis of sessile serrated polyp: A systematic review

The aim of the present review was to clarify how we should detect and diagnose sessile serrated polyps (SSP) endoscopically. A systematic search was conducted of MEDLINE from January 2004 through March 2018. Nine findings: (i) proximal location; (ii) size >10 mm; (iii) irregular shape; (iv) indistinctive border; (v) cloud‐like surface; (vi) mucus cap; (vii) rim of debris in white‐light endoscopy; (viii) dilated vessels; and (ix) dilated crypts (pits) in image‐enhanced endoscopy were considered to be candidate discriminators of SSP from hyperplastic polyps. Prospective studies in a general setting are warranted to validate the above‐mentioned endoscopic features of SSP during real‐time colonoscopy and to determine whether these features are useful for the differential diagnosis of SSP.     

Fístulas posquirúrgicas de líquido cefalorraquídeo tras cirugía transesfenoidal de adenomas hipofisarios: análisis de una serie de 302 intervenciones

IntroductionTranssphenoidal surgical removal is the preferred treatment of most pituitary adenomas. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is the leading cause of morbidity after this procedure, with an incidence rate that varies from 0,5-15% in the main published series.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to establish the incidence of postoperative CSF leakage in a sample of surgeries performed at the University Hospital of La Ribera by the same surgical team. The secondary objectives were to: ascertain the distinctive features between patients with and without postoperative CSF leakage, identify risk factors for their development, evaluate the relationship between the surgical technique for closing the sella turcica and the onset of postoperative CSF leakage and evaluate different treatment regimens for this complication.MethodsThe data of 302 consecutive transsphenoidal surgical procedures for pituitary adenoma removal which were performed between 1999 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Results and conclusionsThe incidence of postoperative CSF leakage in our series was 2,3% (in accordance with similar published studies). It was possible to correlate intraoperative CSF leakage with two variables: pituitary macroadenoma and tumors with suprasellar extension (P < .005). This correlation did not exist for postoperative CSF leakage. We found a statistically significant correlation between intraoperative and postoperative CSF leakage (P < .005). Due to the low incidence of postoperative CSF leakage in our series, it was not possible to identify risk factors for its development.     

高功能腺瘤合并甲状腺癌1例报告

正高功能腺瘤引起的甲状腺功能亢进合并甲状腺癌临床非常罕见。浙江大学医学院附属第二医院收治1例高功能腺瘤合并甲状腺癌病人,经手术治疗痊愈。报告如下。1病历简介病人女性,35岁。因发现甲状腺结节4年余于2019-03-19入院。病人4年前体检发现甲状腺结节,自述当时无心悸、多汗、体重减轻,无声音嘶哑等不适症状。2019-02-16门诊复查甲状腺彩超(图1)提示:右侧甲状腺实质内见