血府逐瘀汤对血管平滑肌细胞c-fos及c-jun蛋白表达影响的实验研究

目的探讨血府逐瘀汤及其拆方对动脉粥样硬化血管平滑肌细胞MAPK下游效应因子c-fos、c-jun蛋白表达的影响。方法采用高脂饲料复制动脉粥样硬化模型,免疫组织化学法检测主动脉c-fos、c-jun的表达。结果与空白组比较,模型组c-fos、c-jun表达显著增高（P〈0.01）;与模型组比较,血府逐瘀汤组和桃红四物组c-fos表达均降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;血府逐瘀汤组、桃红四物组和四逆散组c-jun蛋白表达均降低（P〈0.05）;四逆散组c-fos差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论血府逐瘀汤可以有效降低血管平滑肌c-fos、c-jun阳性颗粒的表达,可能是其抗动脉粥样硬化血管平滑肌细胞增殖的机制之一。     

不明原因自然流产绒毛组织TNFR1的表达

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体1在绒毛组织中的表达及其与不明原因早期自然流产的关系.方法 采用共聚焦激光显微镜和免疫组化技术,对31例妊娠6～10周不明原因早期自然流产患者(流产组)和30例同期妊娠的健康妇女(对照组)绒毛组织中肿瘤坏死因子受体1的表达进行半定量和定位检测.结果 共聚焦显微镜观察结果为:流产组绒毛间质、血管内皮、细胞滋养层、合体滋养层细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体1表达荧光强度分别为35.99±6.35、44.11±11.89、51.40±15.26和50.76±15.74,对照组分别为32.64±5.01、42.82±8.13、49.67±10.19和48.70±10.40.流产组绒毛间质肿瘤坏死因子受体1表达荧光强度高于对照组,有显著性差异(t=2.208,P<0.05),血管内皮、细胞滋养层、合体滋养层细胞的两组差异均无显著性(t分别为0.474、0.585、0.503,均P>0.05).免疫组化结果为:流产组绒毛间质、血管内皮、细胞滋养层及合体滋养层细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体1表达率分别为100.00%(31/31)、80.65%(25/31)、100.00%(31/31)和90.32%(28/31),对照组分别为75.00%(18/24)、58.33%(14/24)、100.00%(24/24)和95.83%(23/24),流产组绒毛间质肿瘤坏死因子受体1阳性表达率明显高于对照组,经Fisher's精确概率法检验,差异具有显著性(P=0.001).免疫组化还显示:流产组中,与合体滋养层接触的细胞滋养层和血管内皮细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体1阳性表达增强.结论 绒毛间质细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体1表达水平的升高,可能通过调节肿瘤坏死因子-α的效应,导致胎儿界面局部绒毛组织间质细胞的功能改变或损害;部分细胞滋养层及血管内皮细胞肿瘤坏死因子受体1表达水平的升高加速了细胞滋养层细胞的程序性死亡,使细胞滋养层生长受限制,可能与不明原因早期自然流产的发生有关.     

Expressions and their significance of PTTG and PC proteins in glioma

Objective： To investigate the expressions and their relationship of pituitary tumor transforming gene （PTTG） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in glioma. Methods： The protein expressions of PTTG and PCNA were detected by immunostaining assay using streptavidin-peroxidase （SP） method in 80 cases of glioma. Results： The positive rates of PTTG in grades Ⅰ-Ⅳ gliomas were 56.3%, 68.2%, 80.8%, and 100.0% respectively, and the protein expression of PTTG increased with the increasing of the pathological grade （X^2= 9.602, P 〈 0.05）; The positive rates of PCNA protein were 37.5%, 54.5%, 69.2%, and 93.8% respectively, and the protein expression of PCNA increased with the increasing of the pathological grade （X2 = 12.147, P 〈 0.01）. The expression of PTTG had positive correlation with the expression of PCNA protein （~s = 0.557, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： The expressions of PTTG and PCNA proteins were related to malignant degree of glioma, and may cooperate with each other in the tumorigenesis and progression and can be considered as the indicators of the biological behaviors in glioma.     

Anti-cytoplasmic autoantibodies reactive with epithelial cells of the salivary gland in sera from patients with Sjögren's syndrome: their disease- and organ-specificities

To test whether the autoantibodies reactive with epithelial cells of the salivary gland in sera from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients are specific for the organ and the disease, tissue reactivities of serum IgG obtained from the patients with SS and oral lichen planus (OLP), another immune-mediated oral mucosal disease, were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. IgG purified from the sera of SS patients specifically localized not only on the nuclei but also on the cytoplasm of the salivary gland epithelial cells. On the other hand, no convincing staining of the epithelial cells was observed when IgG purified from the sera of OLP patients or those from healthy controls were used for immunohistochemistry. No cytoplasmic staining was observed when sections of kidneys and pancreas were stained with SS patients'IgG. In Western blotting performed by using lysates of a submandibular gland as antigens, all the IgG prepared from the SS patients reacted prominently with several protein bands, including those specific for the disease and the organ. These results suggest that production of autoantibodies reacting with the cytoplasm of salivary gland epithelial cells is a characteristic of SS, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of the sialadenitis.     

葡萄糖转运蛋白1在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨乳腺癌组织中葡萄糖转运蛋白1（GLUT1）的表达与细胞核增殖抗原（Ki-67）表达的关系和临床意义，为乳腺病变的诊断、预后及治疗提供理论基础。方法：采用免疫组化方法（Envision法）检测乳腺组织（乳腺腺瘤和乳腺腺病共22例、原位癌17例、普通型乳腺浸润性癌48例、腋窝淋巴结乳腺癌转移灶21例）中GLUT-1和Ki-67的表达，并对GLUT-1与Ki-67表达的关系进行相关性分析。结果：GLUT-1阳性产物定位于上皮细胞胞膜和细胞浆，在正常乳腺、乳腺良性病变组织中无阳性表达或散在少数轻微着色，而在乳腺癌组织中有明确阳性表达，GLUT-1的表达随组织分级增强（P〈0．01）；乳腺癌组织中GLUT-1的阳性表达率与淋巴结转移、临床病理TNM分期呈明显正相关（P〈O．05），而与病理组织分型无明显相关（P〉O．05）。乳腺癌组织中，Ki-67标记指数范围为6．2％～68％，GLUT-1染色强阳性的病例其Ki67标记指数高于GLUT-1染色阳性及中等阳性的病例（P〈0．05）。结论：GLUT-1在乳腺癌的表达与乳腺上皮的恶变密切相关，GLUT-1阳性表达提示肿瘤预后不良及较强的浸润生物学行为，靶向GLUT-1可对乳腺肿瘤进行有价值的检测和针对性治疗。     

Demonstrability of the glycoprotein A-80 in postradlation prostatic carcinoma

Radiation therapy results in significant morphological changes in prostatic carcinoma, including decreased cancer size, acinar shrinkage and distortion, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and nuclear pyknosis. Benign acini usually display enlarged, atypical cells with hyperchromatic nuclei. These changes confound the evaluation of limited postradiation samples. The glycoprotein A-80 is known to be upregulated in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and prostatic carcinoma. In this study, we assessed the expression of A-80 in radiation-treated prostatic carcinoma. Paraffin sections from 64 postradiation prostatic carcinomas obtained at salvage prostatectomy were immunostained with a monoclonal antibody to 3–80; selected sections were doubly immunostained with antibodies to A-80 and various cytokeratin polypeptides. All cases showed readily detectable and often intense staining in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and in intraluminal material of malignant acini. The extent and intensity of the reactions were independent of cancer size and grade. Strong reactions were seen in preserved and distorted acini, clear cell areas, single cancer cells, and in colloid pools with few or no recognizable cancer cells. PIN was present in 34 cases (53%), of which 27 (79%) stained strongly for A-80; atrophic and hyperplastic acini generally did not stain, irrespective of the degree of cellular atypia. The A-80 glycoprotein appears remarkably durable and is readily demonstrable in postradiation prostatic carcinoma despite profound architectural and cytologic changes. This characteristic may prove useful in evaluating small samples for confirmation of diagnosis and determination of extent of residual or recurrent prostatic carcinoma after radiation therapy.     

Extensive expression of TGF-b1 in chronically-inflamed periodontal tissue

The host immune response in chronic marginal periodontitis (CMP) raised against bacteria colonizing the dentogingival area is modulated by cytokines. This study examines the distribution of the transforming growth factor-beta1 containing (TGF-beta1+) cells in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded gingival specimens from 11 patients with chronic marginal periodontitis and 7 persons with healthy gingiva. Inflamed periodontal tissue contained a 100-fold more TGF-beta1+ cells than healthy gingiva. Diverse morphological TGF-beta1+ cell types were discerned. Double immuno-enzymatic and -fluorescence staining revealed that TGF-beta1+ cells comprised 21-29% macrophages 2-3% T-cells, 3-9% B-cells, 34-35% neutrophilic granulocytes and 7-10% mast cells. The densities of all TGF-beta1+ cell types in CMP were strongly increased in the connective tissue adjacent to the pocket epithelium, in the lamina propria and adjacent to the oral epithelium. In lesions with extensive inflammation, expression was also marked in pocket epithelium. TGF-beta1 is an immunosuppressive cytokine that stimulates wound healing. Upregulation of the cytokine in inflamed gingiva may counterbalance for destructive gingival inflammatory responses that are simultaneously taking place in patients with CMP.     

肾素瘤1例临床病理及文献复习

目的：阐述肾素瘤的病因，病理特征及鉴别诊断要点。方法：对１例肾素瘤进行大体、光交易、免疫组化镜观察，并复习有关文献。结果：肾素瘤包膜完整光下酪似血管外皮瘤；免疫线化，部分细胞Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ呈阳性反应，瘤组织的腺样及乳头样结构区瘤细胞ｃｙｔｏｋｅｒａｔｉｎ呈阳性反应。电下瘤细胞胞浆内可见多量圆形分泌颗粒及棱莆和梯形结晶样物。结论：肾素瘤是发生于变更的肾小球入球小动脉血管平滑肌细胞的罕见衣性肿瘤，明     

骨肉中PTEN蛋白表达及临床意义的研究

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of cancer inhibitory gene PTEN protein in osteosarcoma.To analyze the level of its expression in different histological classification of osteosarcoma.To determine the possibility of taking PTEN protein as a marker gene for diagnosing osteosarcoma.To observe the clinical value of PTEN expression levels as a reference index for osteosarcoma classification.Methods:43 specimens collected from osteosarcoma excision were studied.30 specimens collected during the same period from benign lesion of bone (osteochondroma) operation were taken as the control group.Immunohistochemistry staining (ElivisonTM two steps method) was used to detect the expression of PTEN protein in 43 cases of osteosarcoma.SPSS 10.0 was used in statistical analysis.Results:Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the positive reaction of PTEN protein was all oriented to cytoplasm,which were brown or yellowishbrown granules.By way of X2 test,the significant difference of the positive expressions of PTEN protein between bone benign lesion and osteosarcoma (X2＝7.976,P＜0.01) was observed.Osteosarcoma with different degrees of histodifferentiation showed different level expression of PTEN protein.There was significant difference between well-differentiated osteosarcoma (grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and poorly-differentiated osteosarcoma (grade Ⅲ) statistically (P＜0.01).The level of expression of PTEN was negatively correlated to the histological grade of osteosarcoma.There was great significance statistically (rs＝-0.4922,P＜0.01).Conclusion:PTEN protein may be used as candidate gene of cancer inhibitory gene:PTEN protein is a cancer suppressor gene protein which has expression in bone tumors.It might not only be used in the study of pulmonary carcinoma and neurogliocytoma,but also in the study of bone tumor; the expression of PTEN is related to benignancy or malignancy of bone tumor and their degree of differentiation.The expression of PTEN is positively correlated with degree of differentiation.