Facial nerve function after suboccipital removal of acoustic neurinoma

Summary The recovery of facial nerve function after suboccipital removal of 91 acoustic neurinomas is presented. The results after anatomical preservation of the nerve (60 cases), direct anastomosis of the nerve (7 cases), nerve grafting (16 cases), and facial hypoglossal anastomosis (8 cases) are presented after a follow-up period of 31.2 months. A simplified classification was used to describe motor function. The results are compared to those in the literature.     

Conditioning with facial expressions of emotion: Effects of CS sex and age

Two experiments examined the effects of facial expressions of emotion as conditioned stimuli (CSs) on human electrodermal conditioning and on a continuous measure of expectancy of the shock unconditioned stimulus. In Experiment 1, the CS+ was a picture of a person displaying an angry face and CS? was a neutral face. For half of the subjects, the expressions were depicted by males, for the other half by females. Male subjects showed larger skin conductance responses to pictures of males than did females. The responding of female subjects was the same regardless of the sex of the person in the picture. In Experiment 2, the CS+ and CS? were pictures of an angry or a happy face. For half of the subjects, the expressions were depicted by adult males, for the other half by preadolescent males, Subjects displayed greater differentiation when an adult male depicting anger was employed as the CS+ than when a preadolescent male depicting anger was the CS+. There were no differences when an adult or a child displayed happiness.     

面部运动录像分析法

目的　研究一种新的、客观评价面神经运动功能的方法即面部运动录像分析法(videomimicography ,VMG)。方法　受试者面部作 11个标记点 ,进行 5种面部运动 (皱额、闭眼、皱鼻、吹哨和微笑 ) ,使用数字式录像机进行录像。每个动作要求用最大的收缩强度重复 3次。选取 3个静息状态画面和 15个最大运动画面 (每个运动选 3个 ) ,在软件控制下输入计算机 ,进行图形测量。分析每一个运动时每侧面部 10个距离指标和 5个面积指标的变化。首先分析 10例健康人 ,找出每一运动的最佳评价指标。从这些最佳指标加权计算出一个综合指数。分析 4 8例面瘫患者 ,研究该综合指数与面瘫的House Brackmann分级的相关性。结果　正常组结果显示 :面积指标优于距离指标。每一运动有相应的最佳评价指标。面瘫患者组 :根据正常组得出的最佳指标加权计算得出VMG值 ,根据瘫痪侧的VMG值占健侧VMG值的百分率计算出VMG指数。VMG指数与面瘫的House Brackmann级数呈很好的线性相关 (r=- 0 92 8) ,并具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 0 1)。该实验在健康对照组和面瘫患者组均具有很好的重复性。结论　本方法具有客观、定量、重复性好和简便、易行的优点 ,对临床评价面神经运动功能具有实际意义。     

成人面神经管螺旋CT曲面重建图像的解剖学研究

目的探讨螺旋CT曲面重建图像对面神经管解剖学研究的参考价值.方法对50例正常成人(100侧)面神经管进行螺旋CT曲面重建,描述正常成人面神经管曲面重建图像的解剖特征,并进行测量.结果 50例正常人的轴位和冠状位曲面重建图像,可在一幅图像上清晰显示双侧面神经管结构,显示率100%,矢状位曲面重建图像只能完整显示单侧面神经管结构;三个方位曲面重建图像上能较准确测得面神经管长径和宽径,测量值差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),而对弯曲部的显示、测量和对毗邻结构的显示,不同方位有各自价值和限度.结论螺旋CT面神经管曲面重建图像具有简便、实用、准确、直观等优点,是目前研究面神经管影像解剖的良好方法.对面瘫定位诊断具有重要指导意义.     

面神经根显微神经血管减压梳理牵拉术治疗特发性半面痉挛

目的：解除特发性半面痉挛的病因，提高治愈率。方法：采用乙状窦后进路面神经根显微神经血管减压梳理牵拉术。结果：４３８例特发性半面痉挛，术后随访１～８年以上，治愈４１７例（９５．２％），复发１４例（３．４％）。结论：特发性半面痉挛的病因主要为血管压迫面神经根及其周围的脑干表面，另一病因为面神经核功能异常。认为面神经根显微神经血管减压梳理牵拉术是一种解除病因的治疗方法，治愈率高，复发率低。     

多层CT面神经管MPR双斜位成像方法

目的:探讨利用多层CT各向同性容积数据,实现面神经管的MPR双斜位成像。方法:对50侧正常颞骨行多层CT横断位扫描,利用双斜位MPR技术,先在横断位参考图像上旋转参考线与面神经管鼓室段长轴平行,然后在冠状位参考图像上再次调整参考线方向与面神经管乳突段长轴方向平行,重组出面神经管双斜位图像,计算面神经管成像成功率,并与横断位、冠状位、矢状位图像比较面神经管行程的显示程度有无差异。结果:面神经管双斜位图像需要在横断位参考图像上旋转参考线的角度为32.85°±6.76°,在冠状位参考图像上旋转参考线的角度为14.15°±9.02°;在面神经管双斜位图像上,面神经管表现为“ㄟ”形,由前向后同时显示出膝状神经节、鼓室段、后膝部和乳突段;面神经管双斜位成像成功率为100%,面神经管行程的显示程度大于横断位、冠状位和矢状位。结论:多层CT双斜位MPR是显示面神经管的新方法,面神经管双斜位图像可以直接用于临床诊断,对全面、直观地观察面神经管行程、管径、毗邻具有重要价值。     

Aberrant regeneration in a case of syringobulbia: selective co-activation of abducens and facial nerves during saccades

Summary A patient suffering from syringobulbia and syringomyelia exhibited a phasic contraction of the ipsilateral facial muscles, mainly the levator labii, whenever he looked to the left or right. Facial muscle twitches occurred exclusively with saccades. The selective co-activation of abducens and facial nerves is interpreted as the result of bilateral misrouting of regenerating neurons from the parapontine reticular formation to the facial nerve in the tegmentum pontis.     

Contrast enhancement of the facial nerve on MRI: normal or pathological?

We prospectively analysed the normal contrast-enhanced MRI features of the facial nerve and determined criteria for pathological contrast enhancement. We studied 31 patients with clinically normal facial nerves with T1-weighted images before and after contrast medium. The intensity, thickness and right-left symmetry of enhancement were assessed in each segment and correlated with MRI features observed in abnormal facial nerves. Enhancement along at least one segment of the facial nerve was seen in 98 % of cases, but only within the facial canal: labyrinthine segment: 78.2 %; geniculate ganglion: 96.9 %; tympanic: 88.4 %; mastoid: 66.6 %. Marked (++) to intense (+++) enhancement was seen in the labyrinthine segment in 17.4 %, the geniculate ganglion in 36.3 %, and the tympanic (25.6 %) and mastoid (7.1 %) segments, whereas intense enhancement was only seen in the geniculate ganglion (6 %) and the tympanic segment (11.6 %). A right-left asymmetry was noted in 69 % of cases. No correlation was found between enhancement and the thickness of the nerve. No enhancement of the eighth nerve was seen. We suggest three criteria for pathological enhancement: enhancement outside the facial canal; extension of enhancement to the eighth nerve; and intense enhancement in the labyrinthine and/or mastoid segments. Accepted: 7 May 1996     

血液透析患者血清中分子物质与面神经运动传导潜伏期观察(附11例报告)

本文对11例血液透析患者(简称血透患者)血清中分子物质及面神经运动传导潜伏期(简称潜伏期)进行测定,并与正常组作对照,结果发现血透患者的血清中分子物质浓度及潜伏期都高于正常组,说明了血透患者神经传导障碍的原因与血清中分子物质浓度升高有直接关系.