《中国实用医药》杂志稿约

《中国实用医药》杂志是由中国科学技术协会主管、中国康复医学会主办,国内外公开发行的国家级专业性学术期刊。国际统一连续出版物号:ISSN 1673-7555,国内标准连续出版物号:CN11-5547/R。以广大临床医务工作者为读者对象,报道医疗领域内领先的科研成果和临床诊疗经验,帮助广大临床医师提高学术水平,解决在临床中遇到的具体问题。     

探究布地奈德雾化吸入辅助治疗小儿肺炎的临床效果

目的观察小儿肺炎采取布地奈德雾化吸入辅助治疗的疗效。方法 100例肺炎患儿,经电脑随机法分为观察组与对照组,各50例。对照组采取常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采取布地奈德雾化吸入辅助治疗。对比两组治疗效果、各项临床指标、不良反应发生率。结果观察组治疗总有效率96.00%高于对照组的82.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组哮鸣音消失时间、湿啰音消失时间、咳嗽消失时间及住院时间分别为(5.24±0.73)、(4.30±0.69)、(5.41±0.65)、(6.39±0.46)d,均短于对照组的(7.10±1.02)、(7.98±0.87)、(8.13±1.17)、(12.54±1.17)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为2.00%,低于对照组的18.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿肺炎采取布地奈德雾化吸入辅助治疗,能够改善患儿不良症状,缩短患儿住院时间,提升治疗有效率,加快咳嗽、哮鸣音、湿啰音恢复速度,值得临床实践。     

卵巢粒层细胞瘤的遗传学机制和研究进展

卵巢粒层细胞瘤(GCT)对身体健康的影响较大,甚至导致女性不孕,GCT在卵巢肿瘤中占比较低,最高可达5%[1]。本病根据患者年龄可分为成年型和幼年型,已知病因包括血清中相关激素变化、环境及饮食等因素[2],但仍有很多致病因素有待进一步探索。在相关报道[3]中提到,遗传学机制可能与GCT的发生、发展有关,但目前已知的遗传学基因、分子较少,还有待探索。早诊断、早治疗是控制患者病情的关键,因此本研究对GCT患者的遗传学机制、病理及治疗等研究进展进行如下分析。     

《器官移植》杂志稿约

《器官移植》杂志是由中华人民共和国教育部主管,中山大学主办,中山大学附属第三医院承办的国内外公开发行的全国性器官移植专业学术期刊。本刊以从事移植及相关临床专业的医护人员(移植外科、移植内科、麻醉及重症医学专科等)和移植相关基础专业的研究者和医学生为读者对象。本刊宗旨:宣传党和国家的卫生工作方针政策,报道国内外器官移植领域最新科研成果和临床诊疗经验。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

医学影像纹理分析在软组织肿瘤中的研究进展

近年来凭借大数据及深度学习使得以纹理分析(Texture Analysis)为代表的影像组学迅猛发展。随着纹理分析方法及影像新技术的不断研发应用,近年来纹理分析被越来越多的应用于临床研究,为疾病、尤其是肿瘤的诊断、分级与疗效预测评估提供有价值的医学影像依据。本文总结了纹理分析的常用方法、流程,并对软组织肿瘤的研究现况进行调查,作一综述。