Isolation and identification of cancer stem cells from human osteosarcom by serum-free three-dimensional culture combined with anticancer drugs

The cancer stem cells(CSCs)from human osteosarcoma by serum-free three-dimensional culture combined with anticancer drugs were isolated and identified.The primary cells derived from human osteosarcoma were digested by trypsin to prepare a single-cell suspension,and mixed homogeneously into 1.2% alginate gel.Single-cell alginate gel was cultured with serum-free DMEM/F12 medium.Epirubicin(0.8μg/mL)was added to the medium to enrich CSCs.After cultured conventionally for 7 to 10 days,most of cells suspended in ...     

多西他赛联合表阿霉素治疗乳腺癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨多西他赛联合表阿霉素治疗乳腺癌的临床疗效和毒副反应.方法 将60例乳腺癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例.观察组给予多西他赛联合表阿霉素治疗,对照组给予表阿霉素治疗,比较观察2组患者的临床疗效和毒副反应.结果 观察组和对照组的总有效率分别为96.67％和76.67％,观察组疗效明显优于对照组(P＜0.05);主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、消化道反应,观察组发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 多西他赛联合表阿霉素治疗乳腺癌疗效显著,毒副反应可耐受.     

依托泊苷、长春地辛和表阿霉素在输液中的配伍稳定性考察

目的：考察依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在输液中的配伍稳定性,为临床给药提供科学依据。方法：将依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在500 mL 0.9%氯化钠注射液中配伍,分别考察在25℃和4℃的储存条件下,采用高效液相色谱法测定配伍溶液中依托泊苷、长春地辛和表阿霉素的含量并测定溶液的pH值及不溶性微粒的大小。结果：依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在25℃和4℃条件下48 h内配伍液pH值及不溶性微粒无明显变化,含量变化小于5%。结论：在25℃和4℃的储存条件下,3种药物在500 mL的生理盐水中稳定性好,临床上可将3种药物配伍使用。     

不同制剂紫杉醇联合表柔比星治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的 探讨紫杉醇或白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合表柔比星治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效及不良反应.方法 选取62例晚期乳腺癌患者,按照随机对照双盲的原则将其分为治疗组和对照组各31例,其中治疗组采用白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(260 mg/m2)联合表柔比星(75 mg/m2)治疗,对照组采用紫杉醇(175 mg/m2)联合表柔比星(75mg/m2)治疗.治疗2个周期后,观察比较两组患者的临床疗效及不良反应发生情况.结果 治疗组的治疗总有效率93.5％(29/31)高于对照组的71.0％(22/31),差异具有统计学意义(x2=5.420,P=0.020).两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 与紫杉醇联合多柔比星比较,白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合表柔比星治疗晚期乳腺癌疗效好且不良反应可耐受.     

右丙亚胺对于表阿霉素心脏毒性的保护作用

目的:观察右丙亚胺（dexrazoxane,DEX）对表阿霉素（EPI）辅助化疗时的心脏保护作用。方法:随机将来我院治疗的女性乳腺癌患者分为观察组和对照组,两组患者均采用EPI为主的术后辅助化疗方案,观察组在EPI为主的化疗方案基础上加用DEX（DEX∶EPI＝10∶1）,在第1次应用EPI时即给予DEX。采用心肌钙蛋白T（cTnt)和左心室射血分数（LVEF）监测治疗前、治疗第1和第3个周期、治疗完成时、完成后半年、1年的心脏功能状态,同时观察治疗的非心脏毒性。结果:两组患者在年龄、体重、ECOG评分和分期方面没有统计学差异（P>0.05）。EPI治疗第1个周期开始cTnt明显上升,到治疗结束时达到最高,直到治疗后1年仍然维持在较高水平;加用DEX组在治疗期间及治疗后cTnt水平都较低;而LVEF在两组的各个治疗阶段水平都没有统计学差异（P>0.05）;两组的非心脏不良反应没有差异。结论:EPI从第1次应用时对心脏就产生了明显的毒性,加用DEX可以降低这种心脏毒性。     

Epirubicin Inhibits Soluble CD25 Secretion by Treg CellsIsolated from Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Patients

Objective: To investigate the effect of epirubicin on soluble CD25 (sCD25) secretion by CD4+CD25+regulatory T (Treg) cells isolated from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Methods: Treg cellswere isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from the newly diagnosed DBLCL patients.The concentration of sCD25 in the supernatant was determined with a commercial sCD25 (IL-2R) enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The fluorescence intensity of CD25 was detected by flow cytometry. Results:Cell survival rate was significantly decreased along with the increase of epirubicin concentration after treatmentfor 24 h. There was also a significant difference in the concentration of sCD25 between the epirubicin group andthe control group (P<0.01). A positive correlation between the Treg cells survival rate and the concentration ofsCD25 was detected (r=0.993, P<0.01). When equal numbers of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells of the epirubicin groupand the control group were cultured for another 24 h without epirubicin the CD25 fluorescence intensity onthe surface of Treg cells was obviously higher in the epirubicin group than that in the control group (P<0.01),while the sCD25 concentration in the supernatant in the epirubicin group was significantly lower than that inthe control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Epirubicin may improve the body’s immune functions by inhibiting thesCD25 secretion by Treg cells in DLBCL patients.     

Comparison of Efficacy and Toxicity of First Line Chemotherapy with or without Epirubicin for Patients with Advanced Stage Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of first-line chemotherapy regimen with or without doxorubicin intreating patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed acohort of 56 patients histologically confirmed with STS who were treated at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and ResearchInstitute from July 2011 to June 2012.The basic element of first line chemotherapy contained epirubicin in groupB and lacked epirubicin in group A. Response was assessed using RECIST criteria. The Kaplan-Meier methodwas used to estimate progress free survival (PFS). Results: According to RECIST criteria , patients in grouptreated by chemotherapy without epirubicin, the objective response (OR) ratio was 6.5 % (CR0%+PR6.5%).Disease control rate (DCR=CR+PR+SD) was 25.8% with a median follow-up of 14.6 months, including 2 patientsachieving a partial response (PR 6.5%) and a stable response (SD 19.4%) in 6. In group B with epirubicin basedregimens, no patient had complete response, PR (28 %) was observed in 7 and SD (24 %) in 6. DCR was observedin 13 patients (52%). By Fisher’s exact test, the DCR difference between the two groups was statistically significant(p=0.046). In group A, median PFS was 3.0 months (95%CI:2.1-3.8), compared with 4.0 months (95% CI:3.03-4.97) in group B (p=0.0397 by log-rank test). Epirubicin based chemotherapy and ECOG performance status 0-1were identified as favorable factors for progression in our cohort of patients. Differences of nonhematologic andhematologic toxicities were not statistically significant between the two groups, and the addition of epirobicinwas not associated with cardiac toxicity (p=0.446). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that epirubicin-basedchemotherapy is effective and well tolerated, and is superior to chemotherapy without epirubicin regardingefficacy. Therefore it is recommended that epirubicin-based chemotherapy should be considered as first line forpatients with advanced STS.     

Cervical non-squamous carcinoma: an effective combination chemotherapy of taxane, anthracycline and platinum for advanced or recurrent cases

Objective

An effective salvage chemotherapy for advanced and recurrent non-squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix has not yet been established. The aim of the present study was to analyze the safety and efficacy of a combination chemotherapy for this disease using taxane, anthracycline, and platinum.

Study design

This was a retrospective analysis of advanced and recurrent non-squamous cervical cancers treated at the Osaka University Hospital and the Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases during a 10 year study period from 2000 to 2009. Single agent chemotherapies and combination chemotherapies for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer cases of non-squamous histology which were reported in the English literature were also reviewed.

Results

Salvage chemotherapy, using taxane, anthracycline and platinum, was performed for 5 advanced and 14 recurrent cases. Prior to the salvage chemotherapy, 15 (79%) of the 19 patients had already received either radiation or chemotherapy. A complete or partial tumor response was achieved in 8 (42%) of the 19 cases. The response rate for recurrent disease in a previously irradiated field was 40%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 8 months (1–108) and 13 months (5–108), respectively. Grade 4 and febrile grade 3 neutropenia was observed in 6 cases (32%), but there was no case in which salvage chemotherapy had to be cancelled due to toxicity. According to previous reports, the cumulative response rate of combination chemotherapy (35%) was significantly higher than that of single agent chemotherapy (17%) (p < 0.001). OS tended to be longer in the combination chemotherapy cases (8.7 months to 18 months) than that of single agent chemotherapy cases (7.3+ months to 9.1+ months).

Conclusion

Combination chemotherapy of taxane, anthracycline, and platinum was found to have a survival benefit for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer patients of non-squamous carcinoma histology, with a tolerable toxicity.     

壳聚糖抗肿瘤缓释药物的特征☆

背景：肿瘤严重危害人类的健康,应用有效的化学药物治疗具有重要的意义。 目的：分析壳聚糖载药缓释系统抗肿瘤的作用机制及治疗效果。 方法：分析壳聚糖抗肿瘤药物缓释材料释放药物机制以及抗肿瘤的作用机制,并分析壳聚糖及其衍生物负载多种抗肿瘤药物如阿霉素、表阿霉素、表柔比星、5-氟尿嘧啶、紫杉醇等的特征及抗肿瘤作用效果。 结果与结论：壳聚糖抗肿瘤缓释药物材料具有良好的药物缓释性能以及抗肿瘤性能,能够负载各种常用的抗肿瘤药物,可以控制药物释放速率,延长药物作用时间,维持有效的药物浓度,降低药物的毒副作用,并且对肿瘤及组织器官具有靶向性作用,明显提高了化疗药物对肿瘤的治疗作用。     

盐酸表阿霉素纳米靶向制剂的缓释效应

背景：盐酸表阿霉素是一种广谱抗生素,目前临床使用的不足多为药物释放快、目标组织药物浓度低,静脉给药后广泛分布于体内各种组织器官,不良反应明显。 目的：针对盐酸表阿霉素临床应用的不足,制备盐酸表阿霉素纳米靶向注射制剂。 方法：以叶酸偶联牛血清白蛋白为载体,采用乳化-高压匀质法,制备盐酸表阿霉素纳米靶向注射制剂,以激光粒度分析仪测定纳米颗粒的粒径大小、粒径分布及Zeta电位,扫描电镜观察纳米颗粒的表面形态,高效液相色谱法分析白蛋白负载盐酸表阿霉素纳米制剂的包封率、载药量和释药性能。 结果与结论：制备的盐酸表阿霉素纳米粒外观呈均匀球型,粒径分布较窄,平均粒径为(157.73±     0.40) nm,平均 Zeta 电位为(-30.85±0.43) mV,载药量 22.78%,包封率可达96.24%。体外模拟释药结果表明药物释放曲线分为两个阶段,突释阶段微球释药量在24 h内达42.6%,缓释阶段纳米粒释药持续时间长,在112 h 时释药量达 84.1%,载药纳米粒的药物释放速率持续稳定。结果表明乳化结合高压匀质法制备的盐酸表阿霉素纳米靶向制剂粒径均匀,粒径范围分布窄,载药量和包封率高,具有一定的缓释作用。