Barriers and interventions for postpartum reclassification of glycemic status in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A scoping review

Background and aimsOur aim was to summarize, analyze and disseminate the current state of knowledge about the barriers and facilitators in postpartum reclassification that women who have had gestational diabetes face.MethodsData collection was carried out from January to March 2021 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases.ResultsOf the 361 studies initially retrieved in the search, 32 articles published between 2010 and 2020 were selected because they were within our objective.ConclusionMultiple barriers and interventions were found regarding the reclassification of the glycemic status of women who had Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy. Therefore, further studies are needed to achieve a better intervention for this condition.     

陈皮水提物指纹图谱的化学计量学分析及与糖尿病认知功能障碍的谱效关系

目的:建立陈皮水提物的HPLC指纹图谱,并研究其与糖尿病大鼠认知功能的谱效关系。方法:采用HPLC建立21批陈皮水提物的指纹图谱,流动相乙腈(A)-0.1%的磷酸(B)梯度洗脱,检测波长270 nm;采用指纹图谱软件中的相似度评价,SPSS 24.0二维聚类分析和SIMCA 14.1主成分分析对结果进行分析;采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ,50 mg·kg^-1)复制糖尿病大鼠模型,模型复制成功后给予陈皮水提物灌胃,定期检测空腹血糖值,诱导第12周Morris水迷宫检测实验大鼠的空间学习记忆能力,灰色关联度分析和偏最小二乘回归分析研究谱效关系。结果:确定了陈皮水提物中25个共有峰,鉴定出5种物质,并且将21个不同品种、产地的陈皮分成了2类;与模型组比较,灌胃陈皮水提物的各组大鼠空腹血糖下降,认知能力得到改善;灰色关联分析及最小偏二乘回归分析谱效关系表明,19,15,4,17,6号峰与糖尿病大鼠认知功能关联性较大。结论:不同品种、产地之间的陈皮水提物存在一定的差异,通过化学计量学可以方便、快捷的对不同产地的陈皮水提取物质进行全面的质量评价,并且陈皮水提物可降低糖尿病大鼠的空腹血糖值及改善认知能力,其发挥作用是多种有效成分共同起效的结果,其中19,15,4,17,6号峰是与糖尿病大鼠认知功能密切相关的成分。     

2型糖尿病中个性化综合饮食护理的应用效果

目的观察2型糖尿病患者中个性化综合饮食护理的应用效果。方法选择本院2018年1月—2018年12月接收的80例2型糖尿病患者实施此次研究,根据随机数字表法分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例)。观察组使用个性化综合饮食护理,对照组使用常规护理措施,比较两组患者临床效果。结果观察组依从性为95.00%,对照组为80.00%(P<0.05)。两组护理前餐后2 h后血糖含量、糖化血红蛋白水平及空腹血糖含量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组护理后餐后2 h后血糖含量、糖化血红蛋白水平及空腹血糖含量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论将个性化综合饮食护理用于2型糖尿病患者治疗中。     

An evaluation of empagliflozin and it’s applicability to hypertension as a therapeutic option

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors such as Empagliflozin are novel antihyperglycemic drugs approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition to its glucose-lowering effects, Empagliflozin promotes weight loss, blood pressure reduction, and other beneficial metabolic benefits.     

Lung function as a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes in community-dwelling adults: A longitudinal finding over 12 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

AimReduced lung function is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there are limited data in East Asian populations on the relationship between them. For this reason, this study investigated the longitudinal relationship of lung function with incident T2D in Korean adults.MethodsThe study included 7583 non-diabetic adults aged 40–69 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants were divided into four groups according to gender-specific quartiles (Q1–Q4) of %PFVC and %PFEV₁. Also, HRs with 95% CIs for incident T2D were prospectively analyzed as per American Diabetes Association criteria using multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression models.ResultsDuring a 12-year follow-up, 1403 (18.5%) participants presented with newly developed T2D. HRs (95% CIs) of incident T2D in Q1 vs. Q4 (reference) of %PFVC were 1.67 (1.35–2.07) for men and 1.77 (1.39–2.24) for women and, of %PFEV₁, 1.58 (1.28–1.95) for men and 1.61 (1.27–2.03) for women, after adjusting for age, waist circumference, smoking status, alcohol intake, regular exercise, education levels, monthly household income, family history of diabetes, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels.ConclusionReduced lung function precedes and significantly predicts the future development of T2D independently of obesity, smoking and inflammation in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people.     

复荣通脉组方对老年糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度影响

[目的] 分析复荣通脉组方对老年糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT）影响。[方法] 选择2018年1月—2019年6月至河北中医学院附属沧州中西医结合医院进行2型糖尿病治疗的老年患者100例进行本次研究。使用随机数字法将患者分为观察组和对照组各50例。对照组患者给予常规治疗，观察组在对照组基础上给予中药汤剂复荣通脉组方治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后IMT水平、颈动脉斑块大小和数量变化，颈动脉血流变化情况。[结果] 两组患者治疗前颈总动脉内膜-中层厚度（CCA-IMT）和颈内动脉内膜-中膜厚度（ICA-IMT）无统计学差异（P>0.05），治疗后与治疗前相比均降低（P<0.05），但观察组（1.41±0.13）、（1.31±0.11）mm均低于对照组（1.48±0.14）、（1.37±0.15）mm，且具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗前颈动脉斑块大小和数量无统计学差异（P>0.05），治疗后与治疗前相比均降低（P<0.05），但观察组（18.41±4.06）mm³、（2.51±1.30）个，均低于对照组（21.03±3.82）mm³、（3.06±1.57）个，且具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。观察组患者治疗后CCA-IMT、ICA-IMT分别减少11、12例，高于对照组4、4例；观察组颈动脉斑块数量治疗后减少67个，高于对照组54个，均具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗前各项脑血流参数均无统计学差异（P>0.05），治疗后均有所改善，但观察组改善得更为明显，具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。[结论] 复荣通脉组方能够明显降低老年糖尿病患者IMT水平，缩小颈动脉斑块，改善患者脑血流情况，具有较好的临床应用效果。