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81.
82.
Silvia Ceccanti Francesco Cozzi Alice Cervellone Augusto Zani Denis A. Cozzi 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2019,54(2):326-330
Aim
We sought to assess the magnitude of functional decline and the natural history of the operated kidney residual function after zero-ischemia nephron-sparing surgery (Z-NSS) in children with unilateral renal tumor (URT).Patients and methods
50 children were treated for URT at our surgical unit between 1992 and 2016. Of these 12 who underwent Z-NSS were available for the current analysis. Operated kidney function was assessed by 99mTc-dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) renal scintigraphy. Operated kidney volume was assessed by renal ultrasonography.Results
A positive correlation between split renal function and split renal volume was found (P?=?0.001). The subset of patients with ≥ 40% preservation of operated kidney function/volume (OKF/V) had no-time dependent changes during adolescence. The subset of patients with < 40% OKF/V preservation had a catch-up growth that after puberty reached values not much different from those with ≥ 40% OKF/V preservation. At 5?years of follow-up, 3 of 5 patients with baseline dysfunction (eGFR between 40.8 and 89.4?ml/min/1.73?m2) presented with a global renal function within normal range. After puberty, all patients presented with global renal function within normal values (eGFR between 95 and 151?ml/min/1.73 m2).Conclusions
In children with URT who underwent Z-NSS, the pattern of OKF/V recovery suggests that compensatory catch-up growth capacity during childhood minimizes OKF/V decline more than Z-NSS.Level of evidence
Level I prognosis study — prospective cohort study with > 80% follow-up and all patients enrolled at same time point in disease. 相似文献83.
《Brain stimulation》2019,12(6):1526-1536
BackgroundEvidence suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, alters resting brain activity. Despite anecdotal evidence that rTMS effects wear off, there are no reports of longitudinal studies, even in humans, mapping the therapeutic duration of rTMS effects.ObjectiveHere, we investigated the longitudinal effects of repeated low-intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) on healthy rodent resting-state networks (RSNs) using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and on sensorimotor cortical neurometabolite levels using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).MethodsSprague-Dawley rats received 10 min LI-rTMS daily for 15 days (10 Hz or 1 Hz stimulation, n = 9 per group). MRI data were acquired at baseline, after seven days and after 14 days of daily stimulation and at two more timepoints up to three weeks post-cessation of daily stimulation.Results10 Hz stimulation increased RSN connectivity and GABA, glutamine, and glutamate levels. 1 Hz stimulation had opposite but subtler effects, resulting in decreased RSN connectivity and glutamine levels. The induced changes decreased to baseline levels within seven days following stimulation cessation in the 10 Hz group but were sustained for at least 14 days in the 1 Hz group.ConclusionOverall, our study provides evidence of long-term frequency-specific effects of LI-rTMS. Additionally, the transient connectivity changes following 10 Hz stimulation suggest that current treatment protocols involving this frequency may require ongoing “top-up” stimulation sessions to maintain therapeutic effects. 相似文献
84.
85.
Elizabeth Farfán-Santos 《Medical anthropology》2019,38(6):523-536
ABSTRACTUndocumented Mexican immigrants have had to regularly confront a prohibiting health care system despite alienation, marginalization, and the threat of deportation. In this article, I explore the impact of political exclusion and alienating discourses on the health habitus of undocumented Mexican mothers through the narrative of one mother, Marta Garza, who finds herself at the painful intersection of political and medical alienation. Marta’s narrative reflects an analytical framework that centers undocumented motherhood as a space of necessary resilience and strain, wherein she is forced to advocate for her children’s health despite prohibitive barriers and dangerous potential consequences. 相似文献
86.
Sierra Holland 《Sociology of health & illness》2019,41(1):52-66
Medical interactions around reproduction are increasingly extending beyond the physician's office and onto the Internet, where negotiation with medical authority occurs in complex and dynamic ways. Recently, scholars have noted the Internet's potential for creating spaces where women can dialogue with and reconstruct medical authority, yet this growing body of work is overwhelming heteronormative. This paper thus interrogates how lesbian women use the Internet to challenge, deploy, and rework medical authority around reproduction while navigating the transition to parenthood. I draw from 17 online journals authored by lesbian couples during the conception, pregnancy, and birth of their first child, each spanning between 18 months and 2 years, in order to understand how the transition process unfolds over time. I argue that lesbian couples engage with medical authority when seeking affirmation and normalisation yet discard and publicly reject the heteronormative assumptions that accompany reproductive medicine. Further, they chart a new process that I term ‘constructing queer mother‐knowledge’, in which they critique and balance knowledges from institutionalised medicine, their own bodies, and their queer communities. With this new concept, I complicate understandings of lesbian mothers‐to‐be and their interactions with medical authority as they build subversive families. 相似文献
87.
Heidrun m 《Sociology of health & illness》2019,41(3):455-469
Applications of biomedical R&D currently imply substantial societal concerns. This paper explores, based on semi‐structured interviews with scientists in Norway, how biomedical researchers experience and tackle such concerns in their daily work. It shows how ritualised routine responses to dislocatory moments help maintain order in the daily work of the interviewed scientists; they do not address directly but instead smooth over concerns by a ritualised way of using ethics. This may foreclose substantive reflection and function as a stabiliser for ‘business as usual’. Overall, the current way of responding to concerns as described by the interviewees may contribute to a depoliticisation of important issues. The paper contributes to sociological work on ethics by linking it to recent discussions on Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) and by the empirical research presented. The insights can also help improve science policies such as RRI. 相似文献
88.
Michael Morrison 《Sociology of health & illness》2019,41(3):502-516
This paper proposes a ‘valuographic’ approach to diagnosis, exploring how values and valuation practices are implicated in the contested diagnostic category of idiopathic short stature (ISS). ISS describes children who are ‘abnormally’ short but do not have any other detectable pathology. In the USA growth‐promoting hormone therapy has been approved for ISS children, since 2003. However, no other jurisdiction has approved this treatment and the value of ISS as a diagnostic category remains disputed among healthcare professionals. Drawing on qualitative interviews with paediatric endocrinologists in the UK and the US, this study presents a historical snapshot illustrating how the problematisation of ISS as a diagnosis involved multiple registers of value including epistemic, economic and moral calculations of worth. Contestation of the diagnosis was not just about what counts but about what ought to be counted, as respondents’ accounts of ISS gave differential weight to a range of types of evidence and methods of assessment. Ultimately what was at stake was not just the value of increased height for short patients, but what it meant to properly practice paediatric endocrinology. Consideration is then given to how a valuographic approach can be applied to sociological studies of diagnosis more broadly. 相似文献
89.
嗜肺军团菌是一种可以引起军团菌肺炎和庞蒂亚克热的兼性胞内病原菌,主要侵染阿米巴原虫和人类巨噬细胞。该菌在宿主胞内能依靠Dot/Icm IVB型分泌系统产生的效应蛋白成功逃避溶酶体的降解。本文主要对嗜肺军团菌的致病物质、胞内存活与增殖机制及其效应蛋白的生物学功能进行综述,详细介绍嗜肺军团菌的毒力因子与致病机制,为军团病防治的研究提供新思路,也为其他胞内病原菌所致感染性疾病的研究提供重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
90.
Denise Lee Marcella D. Walker Hsin Yi Chen John A. Chabot James A. Lee Jennifer H. Kuo 《Surgery》2019,165(1):107-113