浙江天目山和建德地区产银杏中内生真菌多样性的比较研究

目的比较银杏内生真菌在浙江天目山地区和建德地区以及在同一地区雄株与雌株银杏中的种群结构。方法利用PDA培养基对采集自天目山地区和建德地区以及天目山地区雄株和雌株的银杏内生真菌分别进行分离、纯化,根据菌株群落的培养特征及5.8S和ITS区片段序列相似性比较和系统发育分析,进行菌株鉴定。结果从天目山地区和建德地区分别分离得到440、382株内生真菌。天目山地区内生真菌归属到9目、14科、19属、28种;建德地区内生真菌归属到8目、10科、11属、26种。银杏各组织部位内生真菌的数量和种类按由多到少排序:枝条>树皮>叶。天目山地区雄株银杏内生真菌在定殖率和菌株个数上均高于雌株银杏。结论银杏内生真菌具有极其丰富的物种多样性,天目山地区银杏内生真菌在种类和数量上均多于建德地区。天目山地区雌雄株银杏在菌种种类和数量上存在差异,雄株银杏内生真菌在菌种数量上具有一定的优势。     

结合历史全局最优与局部最优的粒子群算法

提出了一种增加粒子共享信息多样性的粒子群算法。该算法在粒子更新速度的过程中,将前几轮粒子搜索的历史全局最优信息与本轮局部最优粒子信息结合,增加粒子搜索信息的多样性。另外,根据2种信息的结合方式不同,将基本算法扩展成3种扩展型算法。6个典型函数的仿真实验结果说明,改进的粒子群算法可以有效地克服粒子群算法中的早熟现象。     

大盘山自然保护区白术种质资源遗传特征研究

目的 研究大盘山自然保护区内不同品系白术之间的形态学特征、遗传多样性基础,为保护和选育优质种质资源奠定基础。方法 对11个品系的白术样品进行了形态学、生理学比较分析,并利用ISSR分子标记技术分析其遗传多样性,通过UPCMA法进行聚类分析。结果 11份白术样品在叶片形状、叶色、根茎形态、产量、抗病性方面存在很大的差异,且这些差异并没有一定的相关性;各品系白术的光合速率也存在显著的差异,且产量和光合速率间高度相关。筛选出的15条ISSR引物共检测得到129个位点,其中107个为多态性位点,占82.95%,聚类分析表明白术各品系之间都发生了一定程度的分化现象,个别品系之间遗传分化现象严重。结论 大盘山白术资源丰富,各品系间具有一定遗传差异基础,为选育优质白术资源提供基础。     

肺部炎性假瘤的多层螺旋CT诊断价值

肺部炎性假瘤（inflammatory pseudotumor,IPT）是一种较少见的良性病变,不足肺部肿瘤的1%[1]。IPT病因不明,目前认为与感染及外伤有关[2]。因为临床症状不典型、影像学及组织病理学的多样性表现,极易误诊。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

抗菌药最新知见（一）

1、MRSA与VRSA甲氧青霉素敏感性金葡球菌(MSSA)一旦产生葡萄球菌盒染色体(SCC)mec，即变为MRSA。自1990年以来，具有极其多样性遗传学背景的金葡球菌以Ⅳ及Ⅴ型SCCmec而变化为MRSA，现已有Ⅰ～Ⅴ之5型和Ⅱb、Ⅲrev、Ⅳb、Ⅳc与Ⅳd之5个亚型(Ito2004)。如今，此已     

21例肺栓塞误诊分析

肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism，PE)是一种常见的疾病，由于其临床特征的多样性，误诊较多，死亡率高。而早期诊断，早期溶栓抗凝治疗可明显改善预后，因此如何避免该病的误诊是一个值得重视的问题。现将我院2001年5月～2004年10月间，21例曾误诊为其他疾病的肺栓塞患的临床资料作一回顾性分析，旨在提高对肺栓塞的认识。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

红树林土壤微生物与其代谢产物研究进展

分布于海岸潮间带的红树林独特土壤生境中蕴藏着丰富的微生物资源,然而,由于认识水平和技术手段的限制,至今人们对红树林土壤微生物的系统了解仍较为有限。近年来,随着科学技术的发展,红树林土壤微生物及其相关活性代谢产物的研究引起了较多的关注。文中主要阐述了红树林土壤微生物物种多样性,代谢产物及其活性物质,生物修复作用等相关方面的研究进展,并展望了该领域研究的重要性和发展趋势。     

中国南海海绵共附生真菌种群多样性及抑菌活性

目的揭示南海海绵共附生真菌的种群多样性,并筛选具有抑菌活性的真菌菌株。方法采用6种不同的真菌培养基、3个不同培养温度对中国南海10种海绵共附生真菌进行分离培养,并采用牛津杯法进行抑菌活性筛选。结果共分离培养得到177株真菌菌株。基于RFLP分析得到24株代表性菌株,基于18SrRNA基因的分子鉴定证明分别属于子囊菌门(Ascomycota)下的4个目10个属,真菌比例最高的目为Euro-tiales(37.5%)和Hypocreales(41.6%)。部分菌株显示了对革兰阳性细菌和革兰阴性细菌的广谱的抑菌活性。结论揭示的丰富的海绵共附生真菌及其抑菌活性对于深入研究和利用海绵共附生真菌具有重要价值。