泰兴市HBsAg与其它危险因素致肝癌交互作用的研究

目的 探索泰涨市HBsAg与其它危险因素致肝癌的交互作用。方法 选择88例原发性肝癌新发病例按性别、年龄和居住地进行1：1配对的病例对照研究,对全部研究对象检测了HBsAg和抗－HCV。结果 病例组HBsAg和抗－HCV阳性率（72．73％和7．95％）显著高于对照（22．73％和1．13％）,HBsAg阳性同时又暴露于慢性肝炎、性格忧郁、受过重大精神刺激及每次饮酒量多因素致肝癌发生的OR值分别为40．86、22．73、47．37和29．06,其两因素交互作用指数分别为0．7657、0．7364、0．8251和0．6469。结论 泰兴市HBsAg与上述危险因素在致肝癌的关系中存在着显著的协同作用。     

MICRONUCLEUS FORMATION IN VIVO IN LYMPHOCYTES OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILTY TO LUNG CANCER

目的 :探讨体内淋巴细胞微核形成与肺癌个体遗传易感性的关系。方法 :本组病例 -对照研究包括 95例确诊肺癌患者和90例对照。按末梢血微核法制备微核片。结果 :肺癌患者的自发和吸烟诱发的微核率 (MNF ,0 87‰和 1 6 4‰ )比对照人群的(0 47‰和 0 76‰ )有显著增加 (分别P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1)。结论 :肺癌患者是诱变效应易感人群 ;同时本研究首次证实 ,体内淋巴细胞微核形成是评价肺癌个体易感性的良好生物标志 ,MNF为 1‰和≥ 3‰的个体分别增加 5 5倍和 2 1 9倍的发生肺癌的相对危险性。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

MTHFR多态性对晚期胃癌患者化疗作用的预测研究

目的:研究亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因C677T、A1298C多态与胃癌患者对5-FU为基础的化疗敏感性和毒性的关系。方法:晚期胃癌患者106例,用聚合酶链反应-限定性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测白细胞DNAMTH-FR基因型。所有患者经5-FU为基础的化疗方案治疗。结果:1)在106例晚期胃癌患者中,MTHFRC677TCC、CT、TT基因型分别占31·1%、46·2%和22·6%;MTH-FRA1298CAA、AC、CC基因型者分别为69·8%、29·2%和0·9%;化疗总有效率35·8%。2)MTHFRC677TTT基因型携带者化疗有效率(83·3%)明显高于C677TCT(24·5%;P=0·000)和C677TCC(18·2%;P=0·000)。而MTHFRA1298CAA组有效率(43·2%)亦明显高于A1298CAC CC组(18·8%,P=0·009)。3)在CFL、CFH、LFP方案治疗的患者中,C677T变异子携带者对化疗敏感性更高。对A1298C多态性,患者接受CFL方案化疗时,1298AA纯合子携带者有效率高于1298CT/CC患者。4)MTHFRC677TTT、CT或A1298CAA多态性携带者化疗相关的恶心/呕吐发生率明显高于其他三种多态性者。结论:MTHFR基因多态性的检测可能是晚期胃癌患者接受5-FU为基础化疗疗效和毒副反应的良好预测指标。     

DNA修复酶XRCC1基因多态与非小细胞肺癌对GP方案化疗的敏感性

目的 研究DNA修复酶XRCC1基因Codon 194和Codon 399多态与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者对吉西他滨/顺铂（GP）方案化疗敏感性的关系.方法 收集经病理学确诊的NSCLC 57例,所有病例化疗前抽静脉血,提取白细胞DNA,用PCR-RFLP技术检测XRCC1 194和399基因型.所有患者均经PDD/GEM化疗方案治疗.结果 ①NSCLC患者中,XRCC1 194 Arg/Arg、 Arg/Trp 、Trp/Trp基因型者分别为30例（52.6%）、23例（40.4%）和4例（7.0%）;XRCC1 399 Arg/Arg、 Arg/Gln、Gln/Gln基因型者分别为31例（54.4%）、23例（40.3%）和3例（5.3%）.经化疗后,19例患者有效,总有效率33.3%.②XRCC1 194 Trp/Trp、Tp/Arg和Arg/Arg基因型者的化疗有效率分别为50.0%、52.2%和16.7%.携带Trp等位基因者的化疗有效率（51.9%）显著高于Arg/Arg基因型者（χ^2=6.41,P=0.0113）;XRCC1 399 Arg/Arg、Arg/Gln和Gln/Gln基因型者的化疗有效率分别为35.5%、34.8%和0,各组间的差异无显著性.XRCC1 194与XRCC1 399多态之间在化疗敏感性方面存在明显的交互作用,同时携带194 Arg/Arg和399 Arg/Arg基因型者的化疗有效率仅为7.7%（1/13）,而同时携带XRCC1 194 Trp等位基因和399 Arg/Arg基因型者的化疗有效率为58.8%（10/17）,2组之间差异显著（Fisher＇s双侧检验：P=0.0067）.结论 DNA修复酶基因XRCC1多态与NSCLC对GP方案化疗的敏感性有关,患者的基因型检测有可能作为预测NSCLC 对GP方案化疗敏感性的指标.     

社会因素与食管癌关系的病例对照研究

泰兴市 1996年食管癌死亡率为 77 5 2 / 10万 ,占癌症死亡率的 2 9 1% ,本研究探索影响泰兴市食管癌死亡水平居高不下的有关社会因素。1 材料与方法 :病例选自有泰兴市常住户口 ,于 1998年9月 1日～ 1999年 12月 1日发病并确诊为食管癌的新发病例。对照选取与病例同性别 ,年龄相差不超过 2岁 ,与病例居住在同村或同一街道的非肿瘤居民。采用 1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法。调查项目包括 :研究对象的一般状况 ,社会和经济因素 ,不良生活习惯与饮食习惯 (吸烟为每天吸烟 ,连续半年以上 ;饮酒为每周至少 1次 ,连续半年以上 )等。单因素和多因素…     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

复方云芝胶囊对丝裂霉素C诱发突变及老年自发突变的抑制作用

采用体外培养人淋巴细胞微核检测法,探讨复方云芝胶囊抗突变作用。结果表明,复方云芝胶囊（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ～５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）可显著抑制丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）诱发的微核形成,并可拮抗老年人自发微核,增加细胞增殖活性。     

切断面神经后大鼠面神经核内5-HT2、M2和α1-肾上腺素能受体的变化

目的探讨运动神经损伤后其起始核团内神经递质受体的变化。方法采用离体定量放射自显影技术．用氚标配体作为标记物．定量观察了术后1、4、7、21、60d5－HT_2、M_2和α_1肾上腺素能受体的变化。结果切断面神经后4d同侧面神经核内以上3种受体密度较对照例明显减少。5－HT_2;受体密度减至正常密度的50％,M_2受体减至64％,α_1肾上腺素能受体减至73％。术后1周·3种受体密度降到最低点、较对照侧比较分别降至39％、43％和65％。术后3周,受体密度开始回升,至第2个月、受体密度增至个常值的84％、74％和86％。结论运动神经损伤引起其起始核团神经递质受体可塑性变化,提示受体由运动神经元产生。     

应用微核测试法研究人胚细胞提取物抗γ——线效应

本文应用小鼠骨髓细胞微核（体内）和人淋巴细胞体外核异常测试法，以γ－－线为诱变因子，研究了人胚细胞提取物（胚提物）的遗传毒性和抗突变效应。结果表明，胚提物的体内外微核试验均无明显的遗传毒作用，并且在本实验剂量范围内表现出明显的抗γ－－线诱发小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核和人淋巴细胞微核的效应。结合文献讨论，作者认为胚提物来自人体，易于吸收，可望成为一种新的抗辐射和肿瘤化学预防的制剂。