颈部神经鞘瘤针吸细胞学观察

神经鞘瘤又称施旺细胞瘤,是源于神经鞘的常见良性软组织肿瘤。好发于机体较大神经干,多见于中青年,以头颈部为多见,常见发生于颈侧区和舌部。穿刺细胞学是一种操作简单、快速有效地方法,尤其当肿瘤紧邻血管、神经,为术前病理检查带来困难时,穿刺细胞学检查显得尤为重要。     

靶向PTTG和survivin基因共干扰质粒对U251细胞的沉默效率

的：探讨共干扰质粒pGenesil-2.1-PTTG-survivin siRNA对U251细胞人垂体瘤转化基因（PTTG）和生存素（survivin）基因表达的影响。方法：U251细胞分为5组,分别为正常细胞对照组、Lipo2000+ 〖JP〗pGenesil-2.1 HK组(HK阴性对照组)、Lipo2000+pGenesil-2.1-PTTG siRNA、Lipo2000+ pGenesil-2.1- survivin siRNA及Lipo2000+pGenesil-2.1-PTTG-survivin siRNA。应用RT-PCR法、流式细胞术和Western blotting方法检测转染36 h后的各组U251细胞PTTG与survivin基因 mRNA和蛋白表达。结果：3个干扰组的U251细胞中PTTG和survivin基因mRNA和蛋白表达水平均较HK阴性对照组显著降低（P<0.01）,以共干扰质粒pGenesil-2.1-PTTG-survivin siRNA组降低最明显。结论：共干扰pGenesil1-PTTG-survivin siRNA质粒对U251细胞中PTTG与survivin基因的沉默效应强于单独沉默其中某一基因的干扰质粒。     

感染性心内膜炎的外科手术治疗

目的总结手术治疗感染性心内膜炎的经验.方法回顾分析手术治疗43例感染性心内膜炎患者的临床资料.术前血培养阳性22例.感染累及左心系统35例,累及右心系统7例,同时累及左右心系统1例.手术均在体外循环下进行,行瓣膜替换33例,其中4例并发主动脉根周脓肿者行同种瓣主动脉根部置换,使用机械瓣26例.行二尖瓣成形2例,三尖瓣成形6例,室间隔缺损修补3例.结果术后30d内死亡2例,二次开胸止血1例;成人呼吸窘迫综合征5例;术后使用主动脉气囊反博术(IABP)4例;植入永久起搏器2例.存活41例全部获得随访,平均随访(46.8±22.3)个月.随访期间无远期死亡,无再次感染,心功能明显改善.结论外科手术是治疗感染性心内膜炎的有效手段.     

小梁切除术后角膜地形图分析

目的 应用角膜地形图仪分析小梁切除术前、术后角膜地形图改变,探讨术后引起散光的原因.方法随机选择30例(30只眼)急性闭角型青光眼患者,作常规小梁切除术,分别于术前1天,术后3个月作角膜地形图,同时作视力、眼轴及眼压测定。结果角膜地形图改变分3种情况：16只眼角膜变陡峭、5只眼角膜变平坦、9只眼角膜地形图改变不规则,无论是角膜变陡峭还是变平坦均产生循规性散光。结论滤过性手术可产生角膜曲率的改变。     

牛精子非类固醇配子因子抗衰老作用的实验研究

从牛精子中部分提纯的水溶性非类固醇配子因子对糖代谢紊乱所致的衰老性退行性变化具有正常化作用,改善衰老大鼠物质代谢水平,提高心肌细胞呼吸酶活性,有较明显的抗衰老作用。     

PULMONARY LEIOMYOSARCOMA——REPORT OF THREE CASES

Three cases of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma were presented.The characteristic clinical features were described with review of literature.In comparison with bronchogenic carcinoma,the leiomyosarcoma has some characteristics;1)On chest X-ray,it usually appears as a sharply demarcated,even density round mass,growing rapidly within the lung,it rarely accompanies with hilar or mediastinal lymph node merastasis.2)The preoperative cytological or pathological diagnosis is difficult either by sputum smear or by bronchoscopic biopsy or by fine needle percutaneous aspiration biopsy.3)Pathological differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of lung from apaplastic lung cancer is difficult.In conclusion,the primary pulmonary leioyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor,detecting the present illness seriously,paying attention to the chest X-ray films characterise,early surgical resection is the only way to get diagnosis and effective treatment method.     

肺脏原发化学感受器瘤的诊断与治疗(附5例报告)

化学感受器瘤又称本嗜铬性副神经节瘤。其常见部位为颈动脉窦、颈静脉球体，次为腹膜后，主动脉体、肺动脉体、迷走神经体、睫状神经     

Survivin基因沉默对恶性胶质瘤U87细胞的影响

目的探讨Survivin基因沉默对人脑胶质瘤细胞株U87体外细胞增殖、周期和凋亡的影响。方法利用脂质体将pGenesil Survivin shRNA干扰质粒转染U87细胞,通过western法检测干扰48h后Survivin蛋白的抑制率,通过MTT法观察转染后24 h、48 h和72 h细胞增殖的变化,流式细胞术观察转染后48 h细胞凋亡和细胞周期的变化。结果pGenesil Survivin shRNA干扰质粒转染U87细胞48 h后,Survivin蛋白的抑制率约为78%;阻滞U87细胞由G1期进入S期,抑制细胞的生长,增加了细胞的凋亡。结论Survivin shRNA表达载体可以特异高效地抑制胶质瘤U87细胞Sur-vivin基因的表达,从而调控肿瘤细胞周期,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。     

磁共振弥散张量纤维束成像在涉及锥体束的大脑肿瘤中的临床应用

目的探讨磁共振弥散张量成像(DTT)在研究锥体束的正常解剖结构及在涉及锥体束的脑肿瘤手术中的应用价值。方法分别对2名正常志愿者(男、女各1例)及20例脑肿瘤患者术前行DTT,据此可准确判定锥体束的结构、走行、移位情况及与临近肿瘤的空间关系。结果DTT清楚显示出大脑锥体束的正常结构及走行,脑肿瘤所致锥体束的移位、缺如等各种异常改变。在20例脑肿瘤患者中可见6例出现锥体束单纯移位、4例出现锥体束缺如、10例出现锥体束移位伴缺如。结论DTT可清楚显示正常大脑锥体束的走行、脑肿瘤所致锥体束的各种异常改变,为优化显微手术方案及提高病人的术后生活质量提供了依据。     

Outcome of stented elephant trunk technique for extensive thoracic aortic aneurysms

Extensive aneurysms involving the ascending aorta,aortic arch,and the descending aorta stand as a therapeutic dilemma in simultaneous management of multiple sites of pathology of the aortic arch and the descending thoracic aorta.We systematically reviewed about literatures of stented elephant trunk operation(SET) identified through searches of the electronic databasesEMBASE and Medline,and aimed to summarize studies of patients undergoing SET for extensive aneurysms.Since 1996,Kato Mintroduced a hybrid technique by using stented graft implantation to the descending aorta for treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection.It has been describe a good option for extensive thoracic aortic aneurysms and in a fashion similar to the elephant trunk technique.