Airborne irritant contact dermatitis due to synthetic fibres from an air-conditioning filter

We describe 8 cases of occupational airborne irritant contact dermatitis in intensive care unit (ICU) employees caused by synthetic (polypropylene and polyethylene) fibres from an air-conditioning filter. Not until a workplace investigation was conducted, was it possible to clarify the unusual sequence of events. High filter pressure in the intensive care air-conditioning system, maintained to establish an outward airflow and prevent microorganisms from entering the ward, probably caused fibres from the filter to become airborne. Upon contact with air-exposed skin, fibres subsequently provoked skin irritation. Test periods in the ICU with varying filter pressures, in an attempt to improve environmental conditions, led to even higher filter pressure levels and more complaints. The sometimes-very-low humidity might have contributed to development of skin irritation. The fact that most patients recovered quickly after treatment with emollients and changing the filters made it most likely that the airborne dermatitis was of an irritant nature.     

自体腹膜覆盖聚丙烯补片抗粘连作用的实验研究

 目的 研究在大鼠腹腔内植入聚丙烯（polypropylene PP）补片并以补片旁腹膜覆盖后能否减少聚丙烯补片引起的腹腔粘连 。方法：选用SD大鼠120只，分为裸露组（A组）、转移组（B组）、翻转组（C组）及游离组（D组），将聚丙烯补片植入大鼠腹腔，以A组作为对照，B、C、D组采用不同的腹膜覆盖的方法,在术后3、7、28d分别处死大鼠，进行大鼠腹腔内粘连程度检测、组织学检查及扫描电镜检查以了解补片表面的粘连情况。 结果：术后3d，对照组A组的聚丙烯补片表面粘连较实验组B、C、D组明显（P<0.05）；术后7d及28d，A组和D组聚丙烯补片表面粘连明显较B、C组明显（P<0.05）。术后7d各组补片表面的粘连较3d时明显，术后28d时粘连与7d时相似。补片表面没有粘连的区域术后7d可见有腹膜覆盖。结论：转移及翻转的腹膜能在聚丙烯表面存活并能减少其表面的粘连，而游离的腹膜坏死后并不能减少聚丙烯补片表面的粘连。     

异氰酸酯偶联剂对木塑复合材料的影响

目的以木材纤维和废旧聚丙烯塑料为主要原料,通过热压制板工艺制造木材纤维-热塑性聚合物复合材料。方法通过对热压制板工艺中废旧聚丙烯塑料的含量、异氰酸酯用量、热压时间、热压温度等主要工艺参数的对比,找出最佳参数比。结果制定出最佳参数比。结论热压制板的物理力学性能满足中密度板国家标准的要求。     

端氨基聚氨酯-g-聚丙烯的制备及工艺参数研究

通过反应挤出方法将端氨基聚氨酯(ATPU)接枝到聚丙烯(PP)分子链上，并用红外光谱对AT-PU-g-PP进行了表征。研究了ATPU分子量、配比、螺杆转速等对接枝率的影响，确定了合成高接枝率产物的优化工艺条件。将ATPU-g-PP再与通用PP共混挤出，可得到功能化聚丙烯(FPP)。     

St存在下MAH熔融接枝PP机理的探讨

在哈克转矩流变仪和双螺杆挤出机中,对苯乙烯（St）存在下马来酸酐（MAH）熔融接枝聚丙烯（PP）进行了研究.实验表明：St的加入不仅可显著提高MAH的接枝率,而且可减少PP的降解;当St和MAH的摩尔比为1时,MAH接枝率最大.通过反应机理分析得出：没有St时,MAH主要以单分子形式在PP降解之后接枝到PP上;而在St存在下,St与MAH以交替接枝的形式或者配合物（CTC）形式在PP降解之前接枝到PP上,形成St和MAH交替聚合的长链.后者使MAH的接枝率增加,同时增大了PP的交联,减小了PP的降解.     

端氨基聚氨酯接枝聚丙烯和聚丙烯共混物的结晶动力学研究

通过反应挤出的方法将端氨基聚氨酯接枝到聚丙烯上,提纯后产物的红外光谱上出现氨基甲酸酯的C=O和N-H的特征吸收峰.使用光学解偏振仪、DSC对改性聚丙烯进行结晶动力学的研究.结果表明等温结晶过程基本上符合Avrami方程,功能化基团的加入起到类似成核剂的作用,能够加快聚丙烯的结晶速率;用Mandelkern理论处理DSC非等温结晶数据,研究表明纯聚丙烯的结晶能力小于功能化聚丙烯,而且非等温结晶过程也较好地符合Mandelkern理论.     

动态硫化PP／EPDM强化增韧机理的动态力学研究

采用动态力学试验方法,研究了不同ＥＰＤＭ含量的动态硫化和简单共混两种ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ材料动态力学响应的差异及其特征。结果显示：与简单共混ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ相比,动态硫化ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ具有ΔＴｇ小,内耗峰扩宽程度大,低温和室温内耗峰强度高,所处温度低,６０－７０℃时内耗峰强度发生高低变位,在ＥＰＤＭ相的α转变以下还显示β和γ次级转变等特性。     

应力场下固—液相分离制备微孔聚丙烯中空纤维膜

将聚丙烯和石蜡油的混合物熔融挤出,使之在较高的应力场下冷却和相分离,得到了弹性聚丙烯中空纤维。这种部分结晶的弹性纤维可能具有平行排列的片晶结构,石蜡油存在于片晶之间。将石蜡油提取掉后稍加拉伸即可得到透气性很好的微孔中空纤维渗透膜。     

Compatibility and stability of bryostatin 1 in infusion devices

Bryostatin 1 is currently in phase II clinical trial sponsored by the National Cancer Institute as an anticancer chemotherapeutic agent. Bryostatin 1 for injection was supplied in a dual pack containing a drug vial and a diluent vial and was manufactured by Ben Venue Laboratories, Inc (Bedford, OH). The stability and compatibility of the bryostatin 1-PET formulation, diluted to 1 and 10 ug/mL in saline and benzyl alcohol preserved saline, with polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags at room temperature (27°C) were studied. All experiments were conducted in triplicate and analyses were performed using a validated, stability-indicating, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay.Bryostatin 1 solutions were compatible with PP bags. At both concentrations and with both salines, the bryostatin content remained unchanged during the 28-day storage period, benzyl alcohol concentration in the preserved saline solutions also remained relatively constant. In PVC bags, however, a decrease in bryostatin 1 concentrations without generation of decomposition products was observed at both dilutions and with both salines during the 28-day storage. A decrease in benzyl alcohol concentration in the preserved saline was also observed. While no diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) leakage into the solution was observed in PP bags, DEHP leakage in PVC infusion bags was observed on day 2 of storage which increased with storage time and leveled off on day 6. The amount of DEHP leached into drug solution is dependent on the drug concentration. This study suggests bryostatin-PET formulation diluted with preserved saline can be used for long-term (4 week) intravenous administration using PP infusion bags, but not with PVC bags.