Clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of infertile patients with endometriosis and endometrial polyps: A retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to discuss the clinical characteristics and the prognosis of surgically diagnosed endometriosis complicated by endometrial polyps and investigate the association between pregnancy outcomes during subsequent pregnancies.Materials and methodsFrom January 2013 to December 2016, 1263 infertile patients were enrolled in the study. We identified 451 patients with endometriosis, and divided them into a polyp group (n = 204) and a non-polyp group (n = 247) based on whether or not they were associated with endometrial polyps. Postoperative clinical pregnant women (n = 82) among the polyp group were then classified into a study group and a control group composed of those undergoing a singleton pregnancy (n = 164) who delivered during the same time period. Clinical statuses and complications during pregnancy and delivery were collected from hospitals and by telephone interviews and surveys through the mail.ResultsThe prevalence rate of endometriosis infertile group was obviously higher than the non-endometriosis infertile group ([45.23%; 204/451] versus [17.12%; 139/812]). Women suffering from stage 1 to 4 endometriosis had a 42.44% (73/172), 40.69% (59/145), 55.89% (38/68) and 51.52% (34/66) occurrence rate of endometrial polyps, respectively. The frequency of endometrial polyps for stage 3 and 4 patients was obviously higher than that of stage 1 and 2 patients ([53.73%; 72/134] versus [41.64%; 132/317]). Moreover, the occurrence rate of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) was 57.81% (37/64), which was obviously higher than that of ovarian endometriosis (42.42%; 98/231) and peritoneal endometriosis (44.23%; 69/156). Of the 204 women diagnosed with posterior endometrial polyps, 89 became pregnant, 7 pregnancies ended in a spontaneous abortion, and 82 successfully delivered a baby. The clinical pregnancy rate of patients in stages 1 and 2 was wholly higher than that of patients in stages 3 and 4 ([48.70%; 56/115] versus [37.71%; 26/82]). The postsurgical pregnancy status of patients suffering from peritoneal endometriosis was slightly better than those with ovarian or DIE, but differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.626). We also found that the pregnancy rate was statistically elevated in patients whose EFI scores range from 7 to 10. When compared to the control group, women with endometriosis and endometrial polyps had a higher risk of their pregnancy being complicated by placenta previa (13.41%) and cesarean delivery (59.76%).ConclusionPatients with endometriosis have a higher frequency of endometrial polyps. We found that a combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy surgical procedure is an effective way to increase pregnancy rates. Different endometriosis stages and types in patients were associated with clinical pregnancy and spontaneous abortion rates. Women affected by both endometriosis and endometrial polyps have an independently elevated risk of placenta previa and cesarean delivery during pregnancy.     

Vitamin D supplementation and incident preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

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Percepciones y deseos sobre el parto en gestantes a término en Zamora

ObjectiveTo describe perceptions and wishes regarding childbirth in a group of full-term pregnant women in Zamora.MethodQualitative study of phenomenological character. Participants and scope of study: pregnant women (37-38 weeks), Zamora Sur and Santa Elena health centres (Zamora, Spain). Data collection: semi-structured interviews, until data saturation (16 interviews). Data analysis: analysis of thematic content.ResultsThe maternal feelings varied from joy to fear or stress. The interviewees said they did not feel capable of enduring the pain of childbirth. The needs that they felt most important were having support and accompaniment during delivery (especially of their partner) and receiving good treatment from the healthcare workers.ConclusionsThe importance and repercussion of childbirth for women are not only biological, but also largely mental, emotional and social. It is conditioned by multiple factors: maternal feelings, their ability to deal with the pain of childbirth, their needs, the changes they have made, the support they have and the health professionals who care for them.     

异位葡萄胎妊娠早期临床特点及诊疗：附二例报道

异位葡萄胎在临床上可以引起严重的并发症，其发病率极低，且易被漏诊、误诊。本文报道了2例异位葡萄胎患者的临床表现及病理诊断结果。患者1为部分性葡萄胎，患者2为完全性葡萄胎合并宫颈恶性肿瘤，两例患者临床上均表现为异位妊娠，并首先按照异位妊娠治疗，造成了误诊、误治；均采取手术治疗，术后病理检查确诊为异位葡萄胎。后续又补充治疗，得以痊愈。以上两例患者的诊断和治疗上均有欠缺，本文结合相关文献对病例资料进行分析总结，阐述异位葡萄胎典型临床表现和最新治疗研究进展，以期引起临床医师的重视，为早期诊断及治疗提供支持。     

Effects of Bisphenol A on expression of genes related to amino acid transporters,insulin- like growth factor,aquaporin and amino acid release by porcine trophectoderm cells

The peri-implantation period of pregnancy is critical for conceptus development, implantation, and signaling for establishment of pregnancy. This study evaluated the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on proliferation, adhesion, and migration of porcine trophectoderm (pTr2) cells, expression of transporters of arginine and synthesis of amino acids. All concentrations of BPA decreased proliferation and adhesion of pTr2 cells after 96 h compared to the control group. Lower concentrations of BPA (1 × 10⁻⁹, 1 × 10^-8, 10^-7M) increased (P < 0.05), but higher concentrations of BPA (1 × 10^-5, 1 × 10^-4 M) decreased migration of pTr2 cells. BPA increased expression of SLC7A1 mRNA at lower concentrations (1 × 10⁻⁹ to 1 × 10^-6M) and SL7A6, another cationic acid transporter, at higher concentrations (1 × 10^-5, 1 × 10^-4 M). BPA also down-regulated the expression of IGF1 and IGF1 receptor at concentrations of 1 × 10^-7 to 1 × 10^-4 M compared to the control group. The expression of mRNAs for aquaporins (AQP) 3 and 4 were reduced at all concentrations of BPA, but at lower concentrations of BPA, (1 × 10⁻⁹ to 1 × 10^-8M) expression of AQP9 mRNA increased and the expression of AQP11 was not affected by BPA (P > 0.05). There was an inhibitory effect of BPA on the release of synthesis of asparagine, threonine, taurine, tryptophan, and ornithine into the culture medium by pTr2 cells. Collectively, BPA adversely affected the expression of transporters for cationic amino acids like arginine, as well as AQPs, IGF1, and IGF1R associated with proliferation, migration, and adhesion of pTr2 cells. Those adverse effects would likely increase pregnancy losses during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy.     

温肾育卵汤加减治疗排卵障碍性不孕综合征疗效及其机制研究

目的:评价温肾育卵汤治疗排卵障碍性不孕综合征的疗效,并初步探讨治疗机制。方法:选择82例排卵障碍性不孕综合征患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,对照组41例给予克罗米芬治疗,观察组41例给予温肾育卵汤治疗,比较两组优势卵泡排出情况、卵泡质量、临床妊娠率、流产率及未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征(LUFS)发生率。结果:观察组排卵周期占总周期的76.99%,高于对照组的49.58%,LUFS周期占12.64%,低于对照组的30.25%,观察组妊娠率为43.90%,高于对照组的19.51%,相比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组E₂平均值高于对照组,子宫内膜平均厚度大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组痊愈率60.98%,总有效率为92.68%,高于对照组的31.71%、78.05%,相比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:温肾育卵汤可促进优质卵泡发育成熟及排出,提高排卵率和卵泡质量,并可促进子宫内膜的增长,提高妊娠率,降低LUFS发生率。     

高龄产妇妊娠分娩结局的临床现状研究

介绍高龄产妇妊娠分娩结局的临床现状研究，探讨其可研究的方向。本文通过横向比较多篇研究高龄产妇妊娠分娩结局的文献进行综述。近年来，高龄产妇数量不断增加，并已成为全球的趋势。高龄产妇不良妊娠分娩结局较多，包括妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、胎盘早剥、围产期死亡、早产、胎儿巨体症和胎儿生长受限等；与产妇高龄无关的妊娠分娩结局有冠心病、子女的长期发病率等；医学界普遍鼓励妇女早育。     

知柏地黄丸对卵巢储备功能低下性激素水平及妊娠结局的影响

目的:分析知柏地黄丸对卵巢储备功能低下(DOR)患者性激素水平级妊娠结局的影响,探究其可能的作用机制。方法:选取2015年1月至2017年1月泸州市中医医院收治的DOR患者104例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组(n=53)和观察组(n=51)。对照组采用激素人工周期治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上予以知柏地黄丸加减辨证治疗,连续治疗6个月为1个疗程。比较2组患者治疗前、后卵巢血流动力学指标、Treg免疫细胞情况、性激素指标及2组患者随访期内的妊娠结局、药物不良反应。结果:观察组在下调DOR患者的收缩期峰值流速(S)/舒张末期流速(D)值、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)基础卵泡刺激素(FSH)、基础雌二醇(E2)、FSH/LH水平方面较对照组更具优势,且在提升患者Treg细胞占比、CD4+T、CD8+T、CD4+T/CD8+T、自然受孕率、辅助生育技术受孕率方面效果更优(均P<0.05);且并未提高患者的药物不良反应率(P>0.05)。结论:知柏地黄丸辅助激素人工周期治疗法加减辨治DOR,可有效提升患者Treg细胞免疫功能,改善卵巢血流动力学水平,降低性激素水平,提升DOR患者妊娠结局水平,且安全性高,具有较高的临床价值。