外周血TLR5基因C1174T位点多态性与剖宫产后导管相关尿路感染的关联

目的 探讨外周血Toll样受体5(TLR5)基因C1174T位点多态性对剖宫产后导管相关尿路感染(CAUTI)的影响。方法 选择江阴市中医院妇产科2018年8月-2021年3月在剖宫产术后发生CAUTI产妇78例为CAUTI组，选择同期78例剖宫产术后留置导尿管但未发生CAUTI产妇为非CAUTI组。产妇均在产后留取尿液接种于培养皿进行培养，对病原菌种进行分析鉴定。入院时抽取所有产妇外周肘静脉血，采用聚合酶链式扩增反应(PCR)对目的片段进行扩增，采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中TLR5水平。结果 CAUTI组留置导尿管时间长于非CAUTI组，瘢痕子宫、妊娠期糖尿病、尿插管次数≥2次者多于非CAUTI组(P<0.05);78例CAUTI患者共检出病原菌78株，其中革兰阴性菌52株占66.67%,革兰阳性菌26株占33.33%,大肠埃希菌检出率最高，共33株占42.31%;CAUTI组TLR5基因C1174T位点AA基因型、A等位基因频率高于非CAUTI组(P<0.05);多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，导尿管留置时间、妊娠期糖尿病、尿管插管次数和TLR5基因C1174T位点多态性均为剖宫产术后发生CAUTI的影响因素(P<0.05);CAUTI组TLR5基因C1174T位点携带AA型、GA型和GG型患者血清TLR5水平整体比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中AA型高于GA型和GG型(P<0.05)。结论 TLR5基因C1174T位点基因型突变可能是导致剖宫产术后CAUTI的影响因素，其机制还需进一步研究。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜技术治疗妇科附件良性疾病疗效分析

目的探讨单孔腹腔镜技术治疗妇科附件良性疾病的有效性。方法笔者所在医院妇产科2018年6月—2019年3月收治的83例附件良性疾病患者,随机分为单孔腹腔镜手术组42例(试验组)和传统多孔腹腔镜手术组41例(对照组),比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院时间、术后疼痛情况及患者满意度等临床效果。结果两组患者手术均获成功,无1例中转开腹。两组比较,手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院时间均无统计学差异(P>0.05);两组术后疼痛评分及满意度调查对比,试验组患者术后疼痛感轻微,满意度高,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后病理证实均为良性病变,与术前诊断相符。83例均随访1～3个月,无切口感染、愈合不良,无腹腔内出血、切口疝等术后并发症。结论经脐单孔腹腔镜技术治疗妇科附件良性疾病安全、效果可靠,术后疼痛轻且美容效果突出,不增加手术时间及出血量,患者接受度更高,具有极大的优势,值得推广应用。