结直肠癌组织TP、DPD不同表达水平与XELOX化疗效果的关系及意义?

【目的】探讨胸腺嘧啶磷酸化酶(TP)、二氢吡啶脱氢酶(DPD)在结直肠癌组织中的表达情况及其与 XELOX化疗效果的相关性。【方法】用 ELISA 双抗体夹心法检测58例结直肠癌患者癌组织中 TP 和DPD的表达量,以 TP 和 DPD的中位数为分界,将患者分为高表达组和低表达组,患者术后均接受 XELOX方案进行化疗,4个疗程后,比较不同TP和DPD的表达水平患者的早期疗效。对所有患者进行随访12~36个月,行Kaplan-Meier生存分析,比较比较不同TP和DPD的表达水平患者的预后生存情况。【结果】TP 高表达组和低表达组行 XELOX化疗方案的短期临床疗效相比差异无显著性(P >0.05);TP 高表达组中位生存时间显著高于低表达组(P <0.05)。DPD高表达组 XELOX化疗方案早期有效率及中位生存时间均低于于低表达组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。各组患者的并发症发生情况无显著性差异(P >0.05)。【结论】结直肠癌组织TP、DPD表达水平对XELOX化疗方案的临床疗效有关,可以作为预测XELOX化疗方案疗效的重要指标之一。     

PCNAmRNA和Survivin mRNA在不同大肠肿瘤性病变腺管开口组织中表达关系的研究

目的探讨腺瘤癌变过程中其表面腺管开口变化与PCNA、survivin mRNA在各型腺管开口中表达关系的研究。方法标本分别以腺管开口类型及病理组织学分为6组。采用RT—PCR法检测组织中PCNA mRNA及survivin mRNA的表达。结果PCNAmRNA在大肠黏膜腺管开口Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、ⅢL型、Ⅳ型、Ⅴ1型、ⅤN型6组中阳性表达率分别为0％（0／13）、12．5％（1／8）、38．9％（7／18）、66．7％（12／18）、75．0％（3／4）、100．0％（9／9）,survivin mRNA为0％（0／13）、12．5％（1／8）、22．2％（4／18）、44．4％（8／18）、50．0％（2／4）、77．8％（7／9）。PCNA mRNA阳性表达率在正常大肠黏膜、炎性息肉、管状腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤、腺瘤伴不典型增生及癌6组中分别为0％（0／10）、16．7％（2／12）、35．3％（6／17）、63．6％（7／11）、75．0％（6／8）、91．7％（11／12）,survivin mRNA为0％（0／10）、8．3％（1／12）、23．5％（4／17）、45．5％（5／11）、50．0％（4／8）、和66．7％（8／12）,均呈逐渐升高趋势。结论PCNA mRNA及survivin mRNA在腺管开口类型分组其表达强度变化,能较客观反映肿瘤细胞的增殖活性及凋亡状态,并且与病理类型分组得出相同的结果,能即刻将形态学与分子生物学联系起来。     

细胞凋亡相关斑点样蛋白与半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1在肝癌中的表达及临床意义

目的分析细胞凋亡相关的斑点样蛋白（ASC）与半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1（Caspase-1）在肝癌与癌旁组织中的表达及临床意义。方法对30例术前未使用放疗与化疗的肝癌与癌旁组织标本采用免疫组化LSAB法进行ASC、Caspase-1测定，并对各指标进行分析。结果ASC阳性率在肝癌与癌旁组织中分别为10．00％（3／30）和73．33％（22／30），组间阳性表达率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；Caspase．1阳性率分别为23．33％（7／30）和66．67％（20／30），组间阳性表达率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。ASC与Caspase-1两指标在癌组织中的表达均降低，两者不相关（P〉0．05），在癌旁组织中表达均显著增高，两者呈正相关（r=0．722，P〈0．01）。结论ASC、Caspase-1在肝癌中表达低，且显著低于癌旁组织，提示ASC、Caspase-1与肝癌的凋亡、发生及发展过程密切相关，可作为肝癌的诊断及治疗有希望的靶点。     

Clinical Implications of Subcategorizing BI‐RADS 4 Breast Lesions associated with Microcalcification: A Radiology–Pathology Correlation Study

Abstract: Currently radiologists have the option of subcategorizing BI‐RADS 4 breast lesions into 4A (low suspicion for malignancy), 4B (intermediate suspicion of malignancy), and 4C (moderate concern, but not classic for malignancy). To determine the clinical significance of BI‐RADS 4 subcategories and the common pathologic changes associated with these mammographic lesions, a retrospective review of 239 consecutive stereotactic‐needle core biopsies (SNCB) for microcalcifications was performed. All 239 SNCBs were BI‐RADS 4 lesions, and of these, 191 were subcategorized to 4A, 4B or 4C. Ninety‐four of 191 (49%) were 4A, 73 (38%) were 4B, and 24 (13%) were 4C. Fibrocystic change was the most common finding (66/239; 28%) followed by ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) accounting for 23% of cases. This was followed by columnar cell alteration with or without atypia (47/239; 19%), and fibroadenoma (45/239; 19%). While 70% (17/24) of BI‐RADS 4C category lesions were DCIS, only 21% (15/73) of BI‐RADS 4B and 10% (10/94) of BI‐RADS 4A were DCIS. Without sub‐categorization, carcinoma was diagnosed in 23% (55/239) of all cases with BI‐RADS 4. Therefore, subcategorizing BI‐RADS 4 lesions is important since it not only benefits the patient and clinician in understanding the level of concern for carcinoma, but will also alert the pathologist.     

Electroacupuncture for Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy after Stroke: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is the common complication among stroke and cerebral injury patients, which is lack of safe and effective treatment. Electroacupuncture (EA) may potentially be a reliably therapy, but the evidence is insufficiency. Methods: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Data, the Chinese Biology Medicine disc, etc., were searched, until July 20, 2018. We included random control trials that contrast EA with conventional rehabilitation therapy for the treatment of RSD. Main outcomes were visual analog scale score and Fugl-Meyer upper limb motor function scoring scale, other outcomes such as Barthel index, and hand swelling score were also collected. Data in included studies were extracted into an excel and pooled by Stata/MP 14.1. Results: We incorporated 13 studies involving 1040 RSD patients and outcomes were from 2 to 6 weeks' follow-up. The analgesic effect between 2 groups had statistically significant difference (weighted mean difference [WMD] = ?1.122, 95% confidence interval [CI] [?1.682 to ?.562], P?=?.000], a statistical difference existed in improving dysfunction between 2 groups: (WMD?=?6.039, 95% CI [2.231?.916], P?=?.000). EA groups had a better effect on improving activities of daily life abilities (WMD?=?12.170, 95% CI [6.657?17.682], P < .00011] and better detumescence effect (WMD = ?.800, 95% CI [?1.972 to ?.212], P = .000] contrast to conventional rehabilitation therapy. Conclusions: This meta-analysis supports that EA has a positive effect on alleviating pain, improving limb dysfunction, and promoting activities of daily living. On account of moderate-quality random control trials and high heterogeneity, further high-quality studies are imperative to optimize the EA treatment program.     

mB7-1-GPI融合蛋白锚定Lewis细胞疫苗的制备及抗肿瘤作用

下载PDF阅读器目的 将mB7-1-GPI融合蛋白锚定于小鼠肺癌细胞株（Lewis）膜上,制备肿瘤细胞疫苗,研究该瘤苗的抗肿瘤作用.方法 将mB7-1-GPI融合蛋白锚定于小鼠肺癌细胞（Lewis）膜上,制备肿瘤细胞疫苗.采用流式细胞术检测该蛋白的细胞膜锚定作用.建立C57BL小鼠的肺癌模型,观察用mB7-1-GPI融合蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗对荷瘤小鼠的免疫治疗作用.结果 mB7-1-GPI与Lewis瘤细胞共同孵育4 h后4℃放置0、4 h和8 h,样本的荧光强度分别为11.2、10.6和9.8,阳性细胞数百分率分别为95.8%、93.6%、91.1%.脾细胞＋Lewis组IL-2和IFN-γ分泌量分别为（25.9±1.4）pg/ml、（56.0±3.5）pg/ml,脾细胞＋Lewis/mB7-1-GPI组IL-2和IFN-γ分泌量分别为（871. 3±10.4）pg/ml和（1329.0±11.9）pg/ml,25 d时,Lewis/mB7-1-GPI瘤苗组小鼠的肿瘤直径（1.4±0.21）cm较Lewis瘤苗治疗组小（2.5±0.27）cm,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.Lewis/mB7-1-GPI瘤苗组小鼠寿命为（75.2±2.0）d,与Lewis瘤苗组（40.2±1.3）d相比,生存期延长,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 mB7-1-GPI融合蛋白制备的肿瘤疫苗具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,有可能作为一种有效的新型疫苗用于肿瘤的治疗和预防.     

Survivin、Smad4/dpc4、APC基因在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Survivin、Smad4/dpo4、APC基因在大肠腺瘤、腺癌中的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测40例正常大肠组织、80例腺瘤、80例腺癌中三种基因表达情况.结果 Survivin基因在正常大肠组织、腺瘤、腺癌中阳性表达率分别为0、35.0%、75.0%;Smad4基因为100%、95.0%、78.8%;APC为100%、80.0%、45.0%.结论 Survivin基因检测可以作为大肠癌早期诊断、观察疗效和监测肿瘤术后复发、转移等生物学行为的一个新指标.Smad4基因突变或缺失不仅诱导大肠癌的发生还促进其发展.检测APC基因突变,有助于对肿瘤病因学、发病机制及早期诊断的研究.     

乳腺癌中EGFR和CXCR4的表达及其意义

[目的]研究EGFR和CXCR4在乳腺癌组织内的表达,探讨它们与乳腺癌组织学分级、局部淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小和病理类型的关系及其在乳腺癌发生过程中的作用.[方法]应用免疫组化（SP）法检测了76例乳腺癌标本EGFR和CXCR4的表达情况,分析了EGFR和CXCR4与乳腺癌组织学分级、局部淋巴结转移、肿块大小及病理类型的关系.所有患者术前均未进行过化疗、放疗和内分泌治疗.[结果]①EGFR在乳腺癌组织中阳性表达率为59.2%,EGFR表达与组织学分级,局部淋巴结转移和病理类型有显著相关性（P〈0.05）,与肿瘤大小无显著相关性（P〉0.05）;②CXCR4在乳腺癌组织中阳性表达率为56.6%, CXCR4表达与组织学分级,局部淋巴结转移和病理类型有显著相关性（P〈0.05）,与肿瘤大小无显著相关性（P〉0.05）;③EGFR、CXCR4在不同级别乳腺癌间的表达有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,两者随着乳腺癌组织学分级增高而表达增强（r=0.381,P〈0.01）.[结论]EGFR和CXCR4在乳腺癌内均有表达,且随着组织学分级的增高而增加,提示EGFR和CXCR4在乳腺癌的发生过程中可能起重要的作用.     

Atorvastatin treatment is associated with increased BDNF level and improved functional recovery after atherothrombotic stroke

Background: Statins have a positive impact on ischemic stroke outcome. It has been reported that statin have neuroprotective function after ischemic stroke in addition to lipid-lowering effect in animal model. However, the neuroprotective function of statin after stroke has not been confirmed in clinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate in a clinical model if statins induce neuroprotection after stroke. We, therefore, assessed serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and functional recovery in atherothrombotic stroke patients and investigated their relationship with atorvastatin treatment. Methods: Seventy-eight patients with atherothrombotic stroke were enrolled and randomly assigned to atorvastatin treatment group or placebo control group. Neurological function after stroke was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI). The serum BDNF levels were both measured at 1 day and 6 weeks after stroke. Linear regression was used to assess the association between BDNF levels and neurological function scores. Results: The mRS and BI were markedly improved in the atorvastatin group when compared to placebo at 6 weeks after stroke. The serum BDNF levels in atorvastatin group were significantly elevated by 6 weeks after stroke and higher than the BDNF levels in controls. In addition, the serum BDNF levels significantly correlated with mRS and BI after stroke. Our results demonstrated that atorvastatin treatment was associated with the increased BDNF level and improved functional recovery after atherothrombotic stroke. Conclusion: This study indicates that atorvastatin-related elevation in the BDNF level may promote functional recovery in stroke patients.