卒中后认知障碍与软脑膜侧支循环的代偿程度及静脉溶栓治疗的相关性分析

目的：比较急性缺血性卒中患者卒中后认知障碍的发生与软脑膜侧支循环的代偿程度及是否接受静脉溶栓治疗的相关性。方法：前瞻性收集2019年1月至2021年3月在石河子市人民医院住院的急性前循环脑梗死患者161例，获取患者入院时人口学资料，包括是否溶栓、性别、合并症等；通过蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA）评分、简易精神状态检查量表（mini mental state examination,MMSE）评分评估患者认知功能；入院时美国国立卫生院卒中量表（National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS）评分获取患者神经功能缺损症状；通过Blessed行为量表（Blessed behavior scale,BBS）评分评估患者的日常生活能力；通过区域软脑膜评分（regional leptomeningeal collateral score,rLMC）获取患者软脑膜侧支循环；根据卒中后6个月是否合并认知障碍分为认知障碍组和非认知障碍组，采用logistic多因素回归方法进行统计比较，分析2组患...     

亚甲蓝联合高压氧治疗急性亚硝酸盐中毒临床疗效观察

将2018年2月至2019年1月我院收治的30例急性亚硝酸盐中毒患者随机分成对照组（15例）和观察组（15例），对照组给予亚甲蓝治疗，观察组给予亚甲蓝联合高压氧治疗，疗程均为3 d。结果显示，观察组患者临床疗效总有效率（93.33%）高于对照组（73.33%），且血气分析指标水平及体征恢复正常时间均优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。提示亚甲蓝联合高压氧治疗急性亚硝酸盐中毒临床疗效显著，值得临床推广使用。     

抗心磷脂抗体、抗β_(2)糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体与不明原因胚胎反复种植失败相关性分析

目的探讨抗心磷脂抗体(ACA-IgM;ACA-IgG)、抗β_(2)糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体(A-β_(2)GPI-IgM;A-β_(2)GPI-IgG)与不明原因胚胎反复种植失败的相关性。方法回顾性分析北部战区总医院2019年1—12月收治的不明原因胚胎反复种植失败的218例患者(B组)和接受胚胎移植且临床确定妊娠的321例孕妇(A组)的临床资料。记录两组研究对象的一般资料,并比较ACAIgM、ACA-IgG、A-β_(2)GPI-IgM、A-β_(2)GPI-IgG阳性率。结果A组ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG、A-β_(2)GPI-IgM、A-β_(2)GPI-IgG阳性率分别为3.11%(10/321)、4.67%(15/321)、1.87%(6/321)、1.56%(5/321),B组分别为6.88%(15/218)、8.25%(18/218)、3.66%(8/218)、3.21%(7/218)。两组ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG、A-β_(2)GPI-IgM、A-β_(2)GPI-IgG阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论抗心磷脂抗体、抗β_(2)糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体与不明原因胚胎反复种植失败无明显相关性。     

免疫增强型肠内营养治疗脓毒性休克合并急性胃肠损伤的临床疗效

目的 探讨免疫增强型肠内营养治疗脓毒性休克合并急性胃肠损伤(AGI)的临床疗效。方法 选择南通市妇幼保健院重症医学科2019年12月-2020年12月脓毒性休克患者64例为研究对象，随机分为研究组和对照组各32例。研究组使用免疫增强型肠内营养制剂给予肠内营养，对照组使用普通型肠内营养制剂给予肠内营养。比较两组治疗7 d后AGI改善情况、统计重症监护室(ICU)住院时间、抗感染治疗时间和机械通气时间。抽取外周血并分离血清，检测治疗前后肠屏障功能指标[D-乳酸和内毒素(ET)]以及核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体3(NLRP3)通路因子[NLRP3、Casepase-1和白细胞介素-1B(IL-1B)]水平。结果 研究组AGI总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者ICU住院时间、抗感染治疗时间和机械通气时间短于对照组(P<0.05),但两组28 d死亡例数比较，无统计学差异；治疗前两组血清中D-乳酸、ET、NLRP3、Casepase-1和IL-1B水平比较，无统计学差异；治疗后两组血清中D-乳酸、ET、NLRP3、Casepase-1和IL-1B水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);治疗后研究组血清中D-乳酸、ET、NLRP3、Casepase-1和IL-1B水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 免疫增强型肠内营养可显著改善脓毒性休克的AGI状态，在一定程度上恢复肠黏膜屏障功能，并降低NLRP3/Casepase-1/IL-1B介导的过度炎症损伤。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.