协作式带教模式对妇产科实习护士评判性思维能力、专科知识成绩及核心胜任力的影响

目的探讨协作式带教模式对妇产科实习护士评判性思维能力、专科知识成绩及核心胜任力的影响。方法抽取2015年1月~2017年10月在我院妇产科实习的护士130名作为研究对象,采用随机数字将所有对象随机分为观察组和对照组两组,每组患者65名。对照组采取传统护士实习教学方法,观察组采取协作式带教模式。实习2个月后评估两组对象的评判性思维能力、专科知识成绩及核心胜任力。结果 1)评判性思维能力:观察组自信心、开放思想、寻求真相、系统化能力、分析能力、求知欲、认知成熟度七个维度评判性思维能力均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。2)专科知识成绩:观察组专科知识成绩显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)核心胜任力:观察组个人特质、临床护理能力、人际沟通能力、专业建设能力与发展能力四个维度的核心胜任力均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论与传统带教模式相比,协作式带教模式可显著提高妇产科实习护士的评判性思维能力、专科知识成绩及核心胜任力。     

Interprofessional collaboration and the care and management of type 2 diabetic patients in the Middle East: A systematic review

The World Health Organization has ranked the Middle East (ME) as the second most prevalent region globally for type 2 diabetes. Currently, treatment options initiated by physicians focus mainly on pharmaceuticals; however, lifestyle factors also have a tremendous impact on a patient’s wellness or illness. A potential solution to this issue is to use an interprofessional team approach when caring for this patient population. The purpose of this systematic review is to look at the present literature involving the use of an interprofessional team approach to the care and maintenance of people with type 2 diabetes in the ME. A PRISMA flow diagram demonstrates the authors’ literature search and screening process. The systematic review includes nine studies with mixed-methodologies performed in the Middle Eastern region in an outpatient or primary care setting, and demonstrates the use of interprofessional collaboration when providing care for type 2 diabetic patients. A meta-analysis was not included due to the heterogeneity of the studies; however, data analysis is discussed and results are demonstrated through an extraction tool developed by the authors based on The Cochrane Collaboration’s data collection form. The aim of this review is to construct meaning surrounding the use and effectiveness of this collaborative approach with the adult and geriatric Middle Eastern diabetic patient population. Recommendations include continued support from multiple healthcare professions, involving nurses, pharmacists, dietitians, and physicians to promote holistic and patient-centred-care leading to fewer type 2 diabetes complications and hospital admissions.     

Assisting students with autism to cooperate with their peers to perform computer mouse collaborative pointing operation on a single display simultaneously

The purpose of this study was to provide students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) the chance to cooperate with their peers to perform computer mouse collaborative pointing operation. In this study, we adopted the Single Display Groupware (SDG) concept to develop the Multiple Cursor Collaborative Operating Program (MCCOP) software, which allows multiple users to operate a single computer simultaneously without interfering with each other. With the implementation of MCCOP software, users control their own cursors to perform a function in their respective cursor moving areas on a single display. A collaborative pointing test software (CPTS) program was designed in this experiment to evaluate participants’ collaborative pointing performance. This study adopted an ABAB design, and the experimental results show that all participants significantly increased their collaborative pointing performance during the intervention phase, compared to the baseline phase. Practical and developmental implications of the findings are discussed.     

Collaborative care for depression in European countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives

This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of collaborative care compared to Primary Care Physician's (PCP's) usual care in the treatment of depression, focusing on European countries.

Methods

A systematic review of English and non-English articles, from inception to March 2014, was performed using database PubMed, British Nursing Index and Archive, Ovid Medline (R), PsychINFO, Books@Ovid, PsycARTICLES Full Text, EMBASE Classic + Embase, DARE (Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness) and the Cochrane Library electronic database. Search term included depression, collaborative care, physician family and allied health professional. RCTs comparing collaborative care to usual care for depression in primary care were included. Titles and abstracts were independently examined by two reviewers, who extracted from the included trials information on participants' characteristics, type of intervention, features of collaborative care and type of outcome measure.

Results

The 17 papers included, regarding 15 RCTs, involved 3240 participants. Primary analyses showed that collaborative care models were associated with greater improvement in depression outcomes in the short term, within 3 months (standardized mean difference (SMD) − 0.19, 95% CI = − 0.33; − 0.05; p = 0.006), medium term, between 4 and 11 months (SMD − 0.24, 95% CI = − 0.39; − 0.09; p = 0.001) and medium–long term, from 12 months and over (SMD − 0.21, 95% CI = − 0.37; − 0.04; p = 0.01), compared to usual care.

Conclusions

The present review, specifically focusing on European countries, shows that collaborative care is more effective than treatment as usual in improving depression outcomes.     

协同护理在脑卒中患者中的应用分析

目的 分析协同护理干预措施在脑卒中患者中的应用效果.方法 将60例脑卒中患者随机均分为干预组和对照组(n=30),对照组进行医院科室的常规护理,干预组在接受医院常规护理的基础上实施协同护理.对2组患者神经功能、生活能力及生活质量进行对比分析.结果 干预2个月后,干预组患者神经功能状况、日常生活活动能力及生活质量水平改变显著好于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 协同护理干预措施可明显提高脑卒中患者功能状态,有利于促进患者康复.     

Guidelines for management of glycogen storage disease type I—European study on glycogen storage disease type I (ESGSD I)

Life-expectancy in glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) has improved considerably. Its relative rarity implies that no metabolic centre has experience of large series of patients and experience with long-term management and follow-up at each centre is limited. There is wide variation in methods of dietary and pharmacological treatment. Based on the data of the European Study on Glycogen Storage Disease Type I, discussions within this study group, discussions with the participants of the international SHS-symposium ‘Glycogen Storage Disease Type I and II: Recent Developments, Management and Outcome’ (Fulda, Germany; 22–25th November 2000) and on data from the literature, guidelines are presented concerning: (1) diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection; (2) (biomedical) targets; (3) recommendations for dietary treatment; (4) recommendations for pharmacological treatment; (5) metabolic derangement/intercurrent infections/emergency treatment/preparation elective surgery; and (6) management of complications (directly) related to metabolic disturbances and complications which may develop with ageing and their follow-up.Conclusion: In this paper guidelines for the management of GSD I are presented.     

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: The role of multi-institutional collaboration and patient registries in supporting best practice

Among congenital malformations, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is distinguished by its relatively low occurrence rate, need for resource intensive, integrated multidisciplinary care, and widespread variation in practice and outcome. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for generating evidence, they are poorly suited to the study of a condition like CDH due to challenges in illness severity adjustment, unpredictability in clinical course and the impact limitations of studying a single intervention at a time. An alternative to RCTs for comparative effectiveness research for CDH is the patient registry, which aggregates multi-institutional condition-specific patient level data into a large CDH-specific database for the dual purposes of collaborative research and quality improvement across participating sites. This article discusses patient registries from the perspective of structure, data collection and management, and privacy protection that guide the use of registry data to support collaborative, multidisciplinary research. Two CDH-specific registries are described as illustrative examples of the “value proposition” of registries in improving the evidence basis for best practices for CDH.