本科护理专业HIV教学中“课程思政”的设计与实践

在专业课程立德育人的教育理念下,以人类免疫缺陷病毒为例,挖掘、凝练与其相关的德育元素,设计“课程思政”的具体方案,通过讲授、讨论、观看视频、小组汇报、开展第二课堂等方式,构建起全方位育人模式。实施“知识传授”与“价值引领”同行并重,培养有理想、有情怀和有担当的护理人才。     

哮喘大鼠TLR1、 FasL和TRAF2表达及甲基强的松龙干预作用

目的:探讨TLR1、FasL和TRAF2在大鼠哮喘炎症机制中的作用,观察甲基强的松龙对其表达的影响。方法:27只SD大鼠,随机分成哮喘模型组、正常对照组和甲基强的松龙组,每组9只,采用流式细胞术检测血淋巴细胞TLR1和FasL表达,免疫组织化学法检测肺组织TRAF2表达。结果:哮喘组血淋巴细胞TLR1表达水平显著低于甲基强的松龙组(P<0.05),正常对照组血淋巴细胞TLR1表达水平分别与哮喘组及甲基强的松龙组比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。哮喘组和甲基强的松龙组血淋巴细胞FasL表达水平均显著高于正常对照组(P均<0.05),而哮喘组血淋巴细胞FasL表达水平与甲基强的松龙组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。哮喘组TRAF2光密度值显著高于正常对照组和甲基强的松龙组(P均<0.01),甲基强的松龙组TRAF2光密度值与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:哮喘模型大鼠FasL和TRAF2表达增加,而TLR1无变化;甲基强的松龙能下调TRAF2和提升TLR1水平,从而起到抗炎作用。     

内皮中性粒细胞激活肽-78在哮喘大鼠中性粒细胞中的表达及意义

目的观察大鼠哮喘内皮中性粒细胞激活肽-78(ENA-78),表达及布地奈德对其的影响,探讨中性粒细胞(NEU)参与哮喘发作的可能作用机制。方法采用大鼠哮喘模型,随机分成哮喘组、对照组、布地奈德组,流式细胞术测定血NEU ENA-78的表达。结果哮喘组(97.65±13.99)MFI NEU ENA-78的平均荧光强度显著高于对照组(50.79±8.66)MFI(P<0.01);布地奈德组(75.81±6.10)MFI NEU ENA-78的平均荧光强度显著性低于哮喘组,且高于对照组(均P<0.01),NEU ENA-78的表达水平与支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)细胞总数呈显著正相关(n=29,r=0.781,P<0.01)。结论哮喘大鼠NEU ENA-78的表达水平增加,NEU可能通过ENA-78参与哮喘发作的炎症过程;布地奈德可能部分通过下调NEU ENA-78,从而减轻哮喘气道炎症。     

葛根素对Rho激酶在大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤中作用的影响

目的 观察Rho激酶在大鼠心肌细胞缺血-再灌注损伤细胞凋亡中的作用,及葛根素对缺血-再灌注损伤中Rho激酶、细胞凋亡的影响. 方法 45只SD大鼠随机平均分为3组：空白对照组、模型对照组(缺血-再灌注+0.9%氯化钠溶液)和药物治疗组(缺血-再灌注+葛根素注射液),每组15只.Western blot法检测肌球蛋白磷酸酶目标亚单位1 (MYPT1) 磷酸化水平,作为Rho激酶功能活化的标志,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡百分率. 结果 再灌注后MYPT1的磷酸化水平显著性增加,模型对照组为空白对照组的6.26倍( P<0.01),药物治疗组较模型对照组减少27.9%(P<0.05).药物治疗组心肌细胞的凋亡率较模型对照组呈下降趋势(P<0.01). 结论 Rho激酶在缺血-再灌注心肌细胞中有促MYPT1磷酸化水平上调作用,葛根素可减少缺血-再灌注心肌细胞凋亡的发生,从而发挥良好的心肌保护作用.     

护理生物化学中评判性思维的教学实践

[目的]探讨评判性思维在生物化学教学中的教改实践及其效果.[方法]采用多种评判性思维的教学方法进行教学活动,应用评判性思维能力( 中文版) 测量表(CTDI-CV)对教学效果进行评价.[结果]教学前后 CTDI-CV测量总分、分析能力、评判性思维的自信心、求知欲方面的得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05) .[结论]在基础医学课中对护生进行评判性思维训练可为后期临床课学习及今后的护理实践工作中运用评判性思维能力打好基础.     

布地奈德对大鼠哮喘中性粒细胞激活蛋白-2表达的影响

哮喘为气道慢性炎症性疾病,涉及多种炎症细胞和细胞组分,糖皮质激素治疗是目前最常用、最有效的方法[1].趋化因子是一种诱导炎症细胞向炎症部位聚集的细胞因子,在哮喘气道炎症机制的发生和发展中起着非常重要的作用.     

幽门螺杆菌黏附素A有效T和B联合抗原表位噬菌体展示和抗原性测定

Objective To analyze and determine the efficient T- and B-combined (T/B) antigenic epitopes in Helicobacter pylori adhesin A. Methods Recombinant HpaA (rHpaA) was expressed for immunizing rabbit to generate antiserum. T- and B-cell epitopes in HpaA molecule were predicted by using bioinformatic technique. The segments to encode T/B combined epitope peptides were amplified by PCR and the phage display systems of T/B combined epitopes were subsequently constructed. PEG/NaCl precipitation method was applied to extract the recombinant phage PⅢ (rPⅢ) that displayed T/B combined epitopes. By using either commercial IgG against whole-cell of Helicobacter pylori or rHpaA antiserum as the primary antibody, the T/B combined epitopes displayed in rP Ⅲ s were screened and identified by Western blot and ELISA. MTT was applied to determine the proliferation of rHpaA-immunized mouse splenocytes after stimulation of the different recombinant rPⅢ proteins. Results In the HpaA molecule there were five T/B combined epitopes: HpaA10, HpaA37, HpaA79, HpaA116 and HpaA143. All the T/B combined epitopes were successfully displayed on the surface of PⅢ protein of phage M13. The results of Western blot, ELISA and MTT confirmed that HpaA116 was the predominant antigenic epitope, both HpaA37 and HpaA79 were the efficient antigenic epitopes. However, HpaA10 and HpaA143 were identified as ineffective antigenic epitopes. Conclusion The phage display systems of T/B combined epitope peptides of H. pylori adhesin A have been successfully generated in this study. HpaA37 and HpaA79, especially HpaA116 are the efficient T/B combined antigenic epitopes in HpaA of H. pylori.     

CXC类趋化因子GROα、ENA-78及NAP-2在大鼠哮喘中的表达及意义

目的 观察大鼠哮喘生长相关癌基因α(GROα)、内皮中性粒细胞激活肽78(ENA-78)和中性粒细胞激活蛋白2(NAP-2)的表达,探讨中性粒细胞(NEU)参与哮喘发病机制的可能作用.方法 大鼠随机分成哮喘组和对照组,流式细胞术测定血ENA-78的表达,免疫组织化学法测定支气管GROα蛋白和血NAP-2蛋白的表达水平.结果 哮喘组GROα、ENA-78和NAP-2蛋白的表达水平[分别为0.138 ±0.009(A值)、97.65±13.99(平均荧光指数,MFI)、0.198±0.016(A值)]高于对照组[分别为0.077±0.010(A值)、50.79±8.66(MFI)、0.079±0.015(A值)],P均<0.01.结论 大鼠哮喘GROα、ENA-78和NAP-2的表达水平增加,它们可能参与了哮喘的气道炎症过程.NEU可能通过增加合成CXC类趋化因子促进炎症细胞在气道中聚集.     

Expressions and significance of CXC chemotactic factors about GROα, ENA-78 and NAP-2 at rat asthma

Objective To observe the expressions of grouth-related oncogen (GRO)α, epithelial neutrophil activating protein-78 (ENA-78) and neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (NAP-2) of rat asthma. And to investigate the role of neutrophil in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbation. Methods In this experi-ment, the rat model of asthma were randomly divided into two groups on average, including asthma group and control group. Levels of ENA-78 at blood neutrophil were detected by flow cytometry method. The ex-pressions of GROα protein at bronchial wall and NAP-2 protein at blood neutrophil were detected by immuno-histochemieal method. Results Levels of GROα, ENA-78 and NAP-2 proteins in asthma group [0.138 ±0.009(A value), 97.65±13.99(MFI), 0.198±0.016(A value), respectively]were significantly higher than those in control group[0.077±0.010(A value), 50.79±8.66(MFI), 0.079±0.015(A value), re-spectively], all P < 0.01. Conclusion Levels of GROα, ENA-78 and NAP-2 were increased at rat asth-ma. They may be participate in inflammation of asthma exacerbation. Neutrophil may promote inflammatory cells influxing into airway wall via increasing synthesis of CXC chemotactic factors.     

中性粒细胞激活蛋白-2在大鼠哮喘中性粒细胞中的表达及意义

目的：观察大鼠哮喘中性粒细胞激活蛋白-2（NAP-2）蛋白在中性粒细胞（NEU）上的表达及地塞米松对其的影响,探讨NEU参与哮喘发病的可能作用机制。方法：采用大鼠哮喘模型,随机分成哮喘组、对照组、地塞米松治疗组,分离纯化血NEU,免疫组织化学法测定支气管和血NEU中NAP-2蛋白的表达水平。结果：哮喘组NEUNAP-2蛋白的平均光密度值（0.198±0.016）显著高于对照组值（0.079±0.015）（P〈0.01）;地塞米松治疗组的NEUNAP-2蛋白的平均光密度值（0.135±0.021）显著低于哮喘组且高于对照组（P〈0.01）。哮喘组支气管NAP-2蛋白的平均光密度值（0.226±0.050）显著高于对照组值（0.140±0.012）（P〈0.01）;地塞米松治疗组的支气管NAP-2蛋白的平均光密度值（0.175±0.028）显著低于哮喘组且高于对照组（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。NEUNAP-2蛋白的表达水平与支气管肺泡灌洗液NEU计数呈显著正相关（n=29,r=0.334,P〈0.05）。结论：哮喘大鼠NEUNAP-2蛋白的表达水平增加,NEU可能通过NAP-2参与哮喘发病的炎症过程;地塞米松部分通过抑制NEUNAP-2的表达从而减轻气道炎症,NAP-2可能与NEU在肺组织中聚集有关。