双心室同步起搏治疗难治性心力衰竭的疗效

目的 探讨心脏同步化治疗（CRT）对于难治性慢性心力衰竭的效果。方法 30例顽固性心力衰竭患者，NYHA分级为Ⅲ～Ⅳ级，采用心电图观察QRS时限、超声心动图计算LVEF，组织多普勒超声彩色心动图了解心室壁同步的情况；6min步行距离测量心脏的负荷能力的变化。结果 （1）双心室起搏[（167±24）ms]和起搏前[（182±39）ms]、右心室起搏[（220±31）ms]、左心室起搏[（210±38）ms]比较QRS时限明显缩短（P〈0．05）。（2）心功能分级（NYHA）：术前Ⅲ～Ⅳ级，术后1周Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，术后1个月直至随访时仍旧Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。（3）LVEF：术后1周[（38．80±3．88）％]和术前[（27．30±28．94）％]比较明显提高（P〈0．05），随访时[（39．65±6．75）％]和术前比较明显提高（P〈0．05）。（4）6min步行距离：术后1周[（479±123）m]和术前[（388±165）m]比较有明显提高（P〈0．05）。结论 CRT短期可以减轻难治性心力衰竭患者的症状，增加其运动能力，改善心脏功能。     

环肺静脉射频消融治疗慢性心房颤动

4 背景 1994年Haisaguerre等首先报道了经导管消融治疗心房颤动。近几年来，随着对心房颤动发生和维持机制研究的深入，各种各样的心房颤动消融策略不断涌现出来并应用于临床，导管消融的适应证也从阵发性心房颤动扩展到所有类型的心房颤动。三维标测系统指导下的环肺静脉消融术（circumferential pulmonary-vein ablation，CPVA）是目前治疗持续性心房颤动的最常用术式，取得了较好的疗效。但患者术后常需要接受短期的抗心律失常药物治疗和一次或多次的电复律以恢复窦性心律，而且有无症状性心房颤动复发存在。这些混杂的因素可能会使手术疗效被高估。     

三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉消融治疗心房颤动

目的 探讨三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉消融治疗心房颤动的安全性和有效性.方法 阵发性心房颤动92例和持续性或永久性心房颤动36例,接受环肺静脉消融术.采用Carto电解剖标测系统,进行环肺静脉左心房线性消融,消融终点为肺静脉电隔离.手术结束时对心律仍为心房颤动者行同步直流电心脏复律.结果 完成"解剖学"环形消融线256条,其中58.6%达到电隔离肺静脉的终点,经寻找缝隙补充消融后最终248条(96.9%)消融线达到终点.手术时间(231±45)min、X线曝光时间(42±13)min和放电时间(66±17)min.术后随访平均10个月,无复发101例(78.9%).接受了再次手术15例,心内电生理检查证实14例有左心房-肺静脉传导,射频消融成功并随访30～270 d,两次射频消融术后总成功率为87.5%,其中阵发性心房颤动成功率为93.0%,持续性或永久性心房颤动为76.7%.并发症发生率为6.2%,包括心包填塞2例、小脑梗死2例、股静脉穿刺部位血肿1例和左侧大量血胸1例,经治疗后均痊愈.结论 以肺静脉电隔离为目标的环肺静脉消融术治疗心房颤动有效和安全.     

应用动态血压监测评价海捷亚治疗轻、中度原发性高血压的疗效

大量研究表明 ,原发性高血压是动脉粥样硬化性心脑血管病的重要危险因素[1] 。海捷亚是由氯沙坦 5 0ｍｇ和双氢氯噻嗪 (ＨＣＴ) 12 5ｍｇ组成的长效复方降压片剂 ,现已被用于高血压的治疗。本文应用ＡＢＰＭ的方法 ,旨在评价海捷亚对轻、中度高血压的降压疗效、降压谷峰比值 (Ｔ/Ｐ)及不良反应。对象与方法　　 1 研究对象共入选初诊的轻、中度高血压患者3 8例 ,其中男性 2 6例 ,女性 12例 ,年龄3 6～ 74岁 (5 6岁± 8 3岁 )。所有患者均符合ＷＨＯ/ＩＳＨ高血压诊断标准 ,血压≥ 140 /90ｍｍＨｇ ,且 <180 /110ｍｍＨｇ ,既往未曾服用降压…     

经食管脉冲组织多普勒评价阵发性房颤患者的左心耳功能

目的：利用脉冲组织多普勒评价阵发性房颤患者左心耳功能。方法：176例阵发性房颤患者，经食管超声发现左心耳血栓或高凝状态26例（Ⅰ组），无血栓150例（Ⅱ组）；正常心律对照者30例（Ⅲ组）；经胸超声分别测量左房前后径、左室射血分数、左房射血分数、E/E’；经食管超声测量左心耳射血分数、左心耳充盈血流峰速和排空血流峰速，脉冲组织多普勒测量左心耳壁收缩期峰速和舒张期峰速。结果：Ⅰ组左心耳充盈血流峰速和排空血流峰速较Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组减小（P<0.05）；Ⅰ组左房射血分数及左心耳射血分数低于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；脉冲组织多普勒测量左心耳侧壁收缩期和舒张期速度Ⅰ组小于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；Ⅰ组左房前后径、E/E’较Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组增大（P<0.05）；Ⅱ、Ⅲ组各参数无明显差别（P>0.05）。结论：脉冲组织多普勒可用来评价左心耳功能，预测左心耳血栓形成风险。     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

逆向经皮冠状动脉介入治疗左前降支的慢性完全闭塞病变

患者男，42岁，反复胸部不适2年，加重数个月，行走500 m后胸部压榨感。既往吸烟史，每天2包以上。     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

心房颤动经皮导管消融与外科改良迷宫术后房性心动过速的对比研究

目的分析经皮导管消融与外科改良迷宫术治疗心房颤动(房颤)后房性心动过速(房速)的电生理特点。方法选择连续性消融后房速患者72例,分为消融组(导管消融术)34例,手术组(外科改良迷宫术)38例。2组在Carto系统或Ensite系统指导下进行三维电解剖标测,分析2组治疗后房速的生理机制。结果消融组术后平均房速(1.7±0.9)种,手术组术后平均房速(1.6±0.9)种,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.845)。2组房速以折返机制为主比较,差异无统计学意义(82.4%vs 89.5%,P=0.592);消融组50.0%复发的局灶性房速起源于肺静脉内,手术组66.7%与肺静脉前庭有关。2组患者即时消融成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(97.1%vs 84.2%,P=0.267)。结论消融组和手术组术后复发的房速均以折返机制为主;局灶性房速都常见与肺静脉相关,但消融组常见起源于肺静脉内,手术组主要与肺静脉前庭有关;2组房速导管消融都有较高成功率。     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.