多功能外固定支架在小儿干骺端骨折中的应用

目的：探讨手法复位结合外固定支架治疗小儿干骺端骨折的效果。方法2008年1月-2013年使用单边多功能骨科外固定支架治疗小儿干骺端骨折48例,闭合复位44例,有限切开复位4例,外固定采用单边多功能骨科外固定支架。开放性骨折6例,伤口均Ⅰ期缝合。结果48例均获随访,时间6个月~14个月,骨折临床愈合时间6周~8周。疗效评定采用Joher-Wruh评分标准：优41例,良5例,可2例,治愈率100％,无骨折延期愈合、不愈合及畸形愈合,无术后严重钉道感染及钢针折断弯曲。结论手法复位外固定架治疗小儿干骺端骨折能使骨折复位、固定满意,避免骨骺损伤,利于术后早期功能锻炼,是治疗小儿干骺端骨折的有效方法。     

多功能数字C臂透视引导下经皮椎体球囊扩张成形术治疗椎体压缩性骨折的疗效评估

目的评估多功能全数字C臂X线机透视引导下经皮椎体球囊扩张成形术(PKP)治疗椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法 2年间经日本东芝多功能全数字C臂X线机透视引导下经皮椎体球囊扩张成形术治疗椎体压缩性骨折12例,对其临床疗效进行随访观查、分析。结果 7例术后1d内疼痛明显缓解,5例术后3d内明显缓解,术后摄片及CT复查未发现明显骨水泥渗漏,3d后在腰围的保护下均能下床活动,手术后7～14d出院,平均住院9.5d。2例随访2个月,10例均随访6个月,未发现椎体进一步压缩征象。结论 多功能全数字C臂X线机透视引导下经皮椎体球囊扩张成形术是一项安全有效治疗椎体压缩性骨折的方法,其临床疗效显著,术前评估及术中细节是影响疗效的决定因素。     

The sensitizing capacity of multifunctional acrylates in the guinea pig

The multifunctional acrylates used in ultraviolet (UV) curable resins act as cross-linkers and "diluents". They are usually based on di(meth)acrylate esters of dialcohols or tri- and tetra-acrylate esters of polyalcohols. In UV-curable coatings, the most commonly used are pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA). In other uses, such as dental composite resin materials, the dimethacrylic monomers based on n-ethylene glycol are the most useful. The sensitizing capacity of various multifunctional acrylates and their cross-reactivity pattern have been investigated with the guinea pig maximization test. The tests show that BUDA (1,4-butanediol diacrylate) and HDDA are moderate to strong sensitizers and that they probably cross-react with each other. The n-ethylene glycol diacrylates and methacrylates tested are weak or non-sensitizers. Tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) is a moderate and neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA) a strong sensitizer, whereas neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate is a non-sensitizer. The commercial PETA is a mixture of pentaerythritol tri- and tetra-acrylate (PETA-3 and PETA-4). PETA-3 is a much stronger sensitizer than PETA-4. Simultaneous reactions were seen between PETA-3, PETA-4 and TMPTA. The oligotriacrylate OTA 480 is a moderate sensitizer, but no concomitant reactions were seen with PETA-3, PETA-4 or TMPTA. Of the multifunctional acrylates tested, the di- and triacrylic compounds should be regarded as potent sensitizers. The methacrylated multifunctional acrylic compounds are weak or non-sensitizers.     

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma originating from caudate lobe—A report of 39 cases

The study objective was to study the therapeutic effect of surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating from the caudate lobe. From 1995 to 2003, caudate lobe resection was carried out for 97 cases; among them 39 were for HCC, who were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 19 cases undergoing isolated caudatectomy, and group B consisted of 20 cases undergoing caudatectomy combined with other liver resections. The factors that might influence postoperative recovery were com-pared between the two groups. A special instrument, Peng’s Multifunctional Operative Dissector, was used for surgical dissection. All tumors were resected successfully. One patient died of postoperative re-nal failure. Hydrothorax occurred in three patients, ascites occurred in four patients, and bile leakage occurred in one patient. Thirty cases received long-term follow-up with survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years of 53%, 50%, and 39%, respectively. Caudate lobectomy is an effective therapeutic method for HCC originating in the caudate lobe. Isolated caudatectomy should be performed as the first choice whenever possible. Anterior transhepatic approach is appropriate in some cases. Peng’s Multifunctional Operative Dissector is a very useful instrument for surgical dissection. Presented at the American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association 2005 meeting, Hollywood, Florida, April 14–17, 2005. Supported by grants from Zhejiang Province Natural Science Fund, China (Fund No. 0306GJHZ).     

Paraplegia: Prolonged Standing Using Closed-Loop Functional Electrical Stimulation and Andrews Ankle-Foot Orthosis

One T10 paraplegic male (CS) implanted in 1991 with a Nucleus FES-22 stimulator has been able to achieve closed-loop standing for 1 h. The knee angles are monitored by electrogoniometers, resulting in the quadriceps stimulation time being less than 10%. Stance stability is achieved by the Andrews anterior ankle-foot orthosis (AFO). The use of accelerometers for trunk inclination and vertical acceleration during controlled stand-to-sit, diminishes slamming onto the seat. CS does one-handed tasks with objects of 2.2 kg. In another T10 paraplegic male (FR), surface stimulation was applied over 1.5 years to both femoral nerves at the groin for conditioning and prolonged standing. With quadricep conditioning, 55 Nm at 45 degrees of knee flexion is produced. With the AFO and knee monitoring, FR can stand uninterrupted for up to 70 min and perform one-handed tasks. In August 1998, he was implanted with the multifunctional Praxis FES 24-A stimulator for restoration of limb movements, bladder and bowel function, and pressure sore prevention.     

Synthesis of Optically Active Photoresponsive Multifunctional Polymer Containing the Side‐Chain Azocarbazole Chromophore

Summary: A new optically active photochromic polymethacrylate containing the carbazole moiety, deriving from the chiral monomer (S)‐(4‐cyanophenyl)‐(3‐{9‐[2‐(2‐methacryloyloxypropanoyloxy)ethyl]carbazolyl})diazene [(S)‐ MLECA ] has been prepared and fully characterized with the aim to obtain a multifunctional derivative possessing at the same time chemical moieties suitable to NLO and optical storage, to chiroptical switches, and to photorefractive and photoconductive applications. Spectroscopic, thermal and chiroptical characterizations clearly indicate the occurrence of dipolar interactions between chromophores and the presence of an ordered chiral conformation of one prevailing helical handedness, at least for chain segments of the macromolecules.

Structure of poly[(S)‐ MLECA ].     

Synthesis and Characterization of Segmented Poly(ether ester)s Containing H‐Bonding Units

A series of poly(ether ester)s containing different H‐bonding units (amide, carbamate, urea) was prepared by polycondensation in bulk, using Ti(OBu)₄ as a catalyst. The copolymers were obtained starting from PEG1000, 1,4‐butanediol, and a symmetrical, bis‐ester terminated monomer carrying H‐bonding units. These materials were designed for biomedical applications, in which ultimate biodegradability of the materials is required. The influence of the nature of the H‐bonding unit and of the length of the methylene spacer between H‐bonding groups on the thermal and solubility properties of copolymers was investigated. Amide containing copolymers were more thermally stable than ones containing carbamate, consistent with the observed behavior of the corresponding monomers. In most cases, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) traces were quite complex because of phase separation and dependent on the applied cooling rate. Copolymers containing urea bonds were less soluble in most organic solvents, but their thermal properties were not significantly different than their amide containing counterparts.

Synthesis of amide‐based diester monomers.     

多功能保留颈清扫术与改良式颈清扫术治疗分化型甲状腺癌的对比研究

目的 探讨多功能保留颈清扫术与改良式颈清扫术治疗cN1b分化型甲状腺癌的疗效。方法 选取2012年5月—2017年1月江西省肿瘤医院收治的cN1b分化型甲状腺癌患者50例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组25例。观察组行多功能保留颈淋巴结清除术,对照组行改良式颈淋巴结清扫术,所有患者随访6个月,比较两组患者治愈率、复发率、生存质量,以及抬肩困难、咽瘘、颈部变形、周围皮肤麻木等手术并发症发生情况。结果 治疗后观察组患者治愈率（92.00%）与对照组（88.00%）比较,差异无统计学意义（P?> 0.05）;观察组6个月内复发率（8.00%）与对照组（12.00%）比较,差异无统计学意义（P?>0.05）;治疗后观察组的生存质量总得分[（156.38±15.24）分]与对照组[（121.38±11.64）分]比较,差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）,观察组高于对照组;治疗后观察组抬肩困难、颈部变形手术并发症发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P?> 0.05）;治疗后观察组水肿、周围皮肤麻木手术并发症发生率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P?<0.05）,观察组均低于对照组。结论 多功能保留颈清扫术相比于改良式颈清扫术,不会增加患者复发风险,患者的生存质量更佳,周围皮肤麻木的发生率低,值得临床推广。     

2-Hydroxyoleic acid-inserted liposomes as a multifunctional carrier of anticancer drugs

Studies have shown that insertion of oleic acid into lipid bilayers can modulate the membrane properties of liposomes so as to improve their function as drug carriers. Considering that 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA), a potential antitumor agent currently undergoing clinical trials, is a derivative of oleic acid, we explored the possibility of developing 2OHOA-inserted liposomes as a multifunctional carrier of antitumor drugs in the present study. The insertion of 2OHOA into lipid bilayers was confirmed by surface charge determination and differential scanning calorimetry. 2OHOA insertion greatly decreased the order of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine packing, produced a nanosized (<100?nm) dispersion, and improved the colloidal stability of liposomes during storage. Moreover, 2OHOA-inserted liposome forms exhibited greater growth inhibitory activity against cancer cells compared with free 2OHOA, and the growth-inhibitory activity of liposomal 2OHOA was selective for tumor cells. 2OHOA insertion greatly increased the liposome-incorporated concentration of hydrophobic model drugs, including mitoxantrone, paclitaxel, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). The in vitro anticancer activity of ATRA-incorporated/2OHOA-inserted liposomes was significantly higher than that of ATRA-incorporated conventional liposomes. In a B16-F10 melanoma syngeneic mouse model, the tumor growth rate was significantly delayed in mice treated with ATRA-incorporated/2OHOA-inserted liposomes compared with that in the control group. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the enhanced antitumor activity of ATRA-incorporated/2OHOA-inserted liposomes was due, at least in part, to increased induction of apoptosis. Collectively, our findings indicate that 2OHOA-inserted liposomes exhibit multiple advantages as antitumor drug carriers, including the ability to simultaneously deliver two anticancer drugs – 2OHOA and incorporated drug – to the tumor tissue.