经脐单孔与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术疗效比较

目的分析对比经脐单孔与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效。方法将90例拟行腹腔镜切除术患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组行三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术,观察组行经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术,行视觉模拟评分(VAS)和美容满意度评分,记录手术时间、术中出血量、进食时间、住院治疗时间等。结果观察组VAS评分显著低于对照组,美容满意度评分显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组手术时间高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在掌握手术适应证前提下,与三孔法腹腔镜胆囊切除术相比,经脐单孔手术美容效果好,术后疼痛程度低。     

Satisfaction levels of paediatric surgeons in Canada

BACKGROUND:

Surgeons’ satisfaction levels may affect patient care and the stability of the surgical workforce.

METHODS:

A detailed Internet-based satisfaction survey was administered to paediatric surgeons in Canada in 2005 and 2012. Satisfaction was rated 1 (most) to 5 (least), in five areas: quality of life, financial compensation, work environment, academics and patient care.

RESULTS:

Responses were received from 21 surgeons in 2005 and 61 in 2012, representing 43% and 98% of practicing paediatric surgeons in Canada, respectively. Satisfaction levels were generally moderate to high in most areas during both years. In academics, surgeons were more satisfied in 2012 with the amount of teaching they provided (1.8 versus 2.2; P=0.02), and clinical research they performed (2.5 versus 3.0; P=0.04). In patient care, there was higher satisfaction with the ability to provide elective services without impediment (2.5 versus 3.0; P=0.02). Over the seven-year period, surgeons increasingly preferred the Canadian health care system over that of the United States (1.7 versus 2.2; P=0.02). In the 2012 survey, no differences in levels of satisfaction were found between male and female surgeons.

CONCLUSIONS:

During the recent seven-year period, satisfaction levels of paediatric surgeons in Canada have been stable with regard to quality of life, compensation and work environment, and improving in areas of academics and patient care. Male and female surgeons are equally satisfied. The Canadian health care system is preferred over that of the United States.     

全瓷冠用于前牙美容修复的临床评价

目的　观察全瓷冠用于前牙美容修复的临床效果。方法　对修复科门诊患者 6 8人 ,共 388颗前牙用全瓷冠修复 ,观察修复体的形态、色泽 ,检查修复体颈缘适合性、牙龈健康状况。结果　全瓷冠用于前牙美容修复 ,牙体形态、颈缘适合性、牙龈健康状况良好 ,色泽有待进一步改进。结论　全瓷冠用于前牙美容修复具有较好的疗效。     

广州市某区居民对社区卫生服务的需求利用和满意度分析

目的　了解广州市居民对社区卫生服务机构的利用情况、公共卫生基本项目的知晓情况和满意度情况,为改善广州市社区卫生服务质量提供方向和参考依据。方法　2020年12月,采取多阶段随机抽样的方法在广州市某区抽取1 050名居民进行问卷调查。单因素分析采用Pearson卡方检验,多因素分析采用二元logistic回归。结果　共发放问卷1 092份,收到有效问卷1 050份,有效率96.2%。受访居民过去一年在社区卫生服务中心看病或接受其他卫生服务的次数为（4.60±4.10）次;对公共卫生基本服务项目总知晓率为91.6%（962/1 050）,总知晓免费率为89.5%（940/1 050）;居民的社区卫生服务机构总体满意度得分为（4.61±0.75）分,其中得分最高为基本医疗服务情况,最低为机构设施、制度及基本情况。单因素分析发现,医保类型、就诊首选的医疗机构、步行到社区中心的时间和就诊服务时间等10个因素是居民总体满意度的影响因素;多因素分析发现机构设施、制度及基本情况,基本医疗服务情况,医疗费用情况,首诊医院4个因素为居民总体满意度的影响因素（OR值分别为21.294、109.013、18.203和20.989）。结论　广州市某区居民对社区卫生服务的利用情况较好,公共卫生服务项目的知晓率较高,但居民的社区卫生服务满意度仍有待提高,尤其是设施设备和医护人员服务效率等方面。     

Effect of socioeconomic status on normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need

Objective:To determine the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on normative and perceived orthodontic treatment need, satisfaction with dental appearance, and regularity of dental attendance.Materials and Methods:The sample consisted of 550 adolescents (232 boys, 318 girls) aged 13 to 17 years who were categorized according to SES into three groups: low, middle, and high SES. Normative treatment need was assessed by using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Data were collected by clinical examination and face-to-face interview. The χ² test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.Results:Approximately 34.0% of the untreated subjects had a definite dental need for treatment and 24.5% had a moderate need; among those, 53.5% were of low SES (P  =  .017). One-third of the sample had a moderate to definite esthetic need, most of whom had a low SES (P  =  .009). Of the subjects who were dissatisfied with their dental appearance and reported a self-perceived need for treatment, around one-third had a low SES. Most subjects with low SES were irregular dental attenders (P < .001). Subjects of low SES, those who had a self-perceived need for treatment, and those who were dissatisfied with their dental appearance were more likely to have a definite normative esthetic need.Conclusions:Subjects of low SES exhibited greater normative and perceived treatment needs than subjects of higher SES. They were less satisfied with their dental appearance and visited a dentist less frequently.     

心理干预对更年期妇女初次复杂活动义齿修复效果的影响

目的研究修复诊疗过程中心理干预对初次佩戴复杂活动义齿的更年期妇女修复效果的影响。方法选择初次进行复杂活动义齿修复的更年期妇女98例,随机选取49例为试验组,修复过程中进行心理干预;其余49例为对照组,常规修复。修复后1个月和3个月后分别调查患者对义齿美观、语音、咀嚼、固位效果和舒适性的满意度,并比较2组修复后的调改次数。结果修复后1个月和3个月,试验组患者对义齿语音、咀嚼效果和舒适性的满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。试验组调改次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论在更年期妇女初次行复杂活动义齿修复时,根据其心理特点进行心理干预可以有效提高其对义齿的适应性及满意度。     

Total knee arthroplasty in post-traumatic osteoarthritis is more challenging,but results in similar patient satisfaction – An analysis of 1646 cases

BackgroundPatients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) present a variety of technical challenges to surgeons. Surgical parameters, complication rates and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been reported as detrimental in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for PTOA. The purpose of this study was to compare these variables and satisfaction with the results of TKA in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis with a matched-pair cohort of primary osteoarthritis (POA).MethodsA registry-embedded prospective case–control study was performed. Of a total of 1646 TKAs, 155 were performed due to PTOA between 2012 and 2019. One-hundred and thirty-six could be one-to-one propensity score-matched to patients with POA undergoing primary TKA based on similar patient demographic variables. Outcomes investigated included operation time, estimated blood loss, types of implants, postoperative complications and PROs pre- and 1 year postoperatively as well as satisfaction with the results of surgery. Sub-cohort analysis was performed for patients with prior fracture and soft tissue trauma, respectively.ResultsSurgical parameters were significantly different in disadvantages of PTOA: operation time (P < 0.001), estimated blood loss (P < 0.001), blood transfusions (P = 0.039), type of implants (P < 0.001). Manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) was necessary more often in the PTOA fracture group (odds ratio 5.01, (95% confidence interval 1.04; 24.07). PRO demonstrated no substantial differences after 1 year. Satisfaction with the results of TKA was as equally high in all cohorts.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that TKAs in patients with PTOA require higher surgical effort but can result in similar PROs and satisfaction compared to POA, regardless of the underlying trauma.     

护士生命质量与工作满意度的相关研究

目的 探讨护士生命质量、工作满意度状况及其相关性分析.方法 应用WHOQOL-100量表和Mueller/McCloskey满意度量表(MMSS)对随机抽取的606名护士进行问卷调查,结果用SPSS统计软件进行分析.结果 (1)护士的生命质量低于普通人群(P<0.05);(2)护士对自己工作总体满意程度不高,对工作报酬满意度最低;(3)护士生命质量与工作满意度呈正相关(P<0.01).结论 护士的生活质量、工作满意度不容乐观,应针对不同群体采取不同措施来改善和提高护士的工作满意度,从而改善护士的职业生命质量,并为患者提供优质服务.