非接触式三维图像检测系统测量牙齿咬合面磨损的初步研究

目的　使用新研制的非接触式三维图像检测系统对健康人牙齿咬合面的磨损情况进行定量测定。方法　选择 32名牙列完整的健康中老年人 5年前后的牙颌模型 ,用统一方法确定个体参照平面和上颌第一恒磨牙测量范围 ,用非接触式三维图像检测系统测量研究对象 5年内上颌第一恒磨牙咬合面的磨损量和平均磨损速度。结果　 5年内上颌第一恒磨牙咬合面的磨损情况 :以高度平均值变化为指标 ,平均磨损量为 0 2 93mm ,平均每年磨损速度为 0 0 5 9mm ;以体积变化为指标 ,平均磨损量为 97 881mm3 ,平均磨损速度为 19 5 76mm3 /年。结论　非接触式三维图像检测系统及相关的必要设置 ,可作为测量健康人牙齿磨损情况的有效工具。其个别设置条件尚待进一步改进     

Missing facial parts computed by a morphable model and transferred directly to a polyamide laser-sintered prosthesis: an innovation study

Mirroring of missing facial parts and rapid prototyping of templates have become widely used in the manufacture of prostheses. However, mirroring is not applicable for central facial defects, and the manufacture of a template still requires labour-intensive transformation into the final facial prosthesis. We have explored innovative techniques to meet these remaining challenges. We used a morphable model of a face for the reconstruction of missing facial parts that did not have mirror images, and skin-coloured polyamide laser sintering for direct manufacture of the prosthesis. From the knowledge gleaned from a data set of 200 coloured, three-dimensional scans, we generated a missing nose that was statistically compatible with the remaining parts of the patient's face. The planned prosthesis was manufactured directly from biocompatible skin-coloured polyamide powder by selective laser sintering, and the prosthesis planning system produced a normal-looking reconstruction. The polyamide will need adjustable colouring, and we must be able to combine it with a self-curing resin to fulfil the requirements of realistic permanent use.     

兔颞下颌关节盘移位与骨关节病关系的评价

目的评价颞下颌关节盘移位与骨关节病的关系。方法通过手术方法将２５只大耳白兔的颞下颌关节盘前移，术后１、２、４、８、１２周进行组织病理学检查。结果１１侧手术关节为部分关节盘前移位，８侧为完全性关节盘前移位，６侧为关节盘穿孔。部分关节盘前移位出现早期退行性改变和后期生理性改建，完全性关节盘前移位和关节盘穿孔出现退行性改变和严重的骨关节病。结论颞下颌关节盘前移位的程度与骨关节病有关，关节盘前移位越明显，越易出现骨关节病     

蒺藜皂苷对麻醉开胸犬血流动力学和氧代谢的影响

目的：观察蒺藜皂苷(GSTT)对麻醉开胸犬血流动力学和氧代谢的影响。方法：实验犬30只随机分为5组（每组6只）:生理盐水对照组、血塞通（阳性对照药物）组及GSTT低、中、高剂量（6.26、12.52和25.00 mg·kg^-1）组。采用静脉注射给药方式,检测血流动力学和氧代谢各项指标。结果：GSTT低、中及高剂量组犬心肌血流量高于对照组(P<0.01),平均动脉压、冠脉阻力、总外周血管阻力低于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）,心肌耗氧量、心肌耗氧指数及心肌氧摄取率低于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。 结论：GSTT对麻醉开胸犬心脏功能有明显的调节和改善作用。      

基于数字减影血管造影的 VX2肝癌兔靶向药物治疗模型的建立

目的探讨基于数字减影血管造影( DSA)的 VX2兔肝癌模型建立以及影响建模成功的相关因素。方法 2019年 11月至 2022年 6月, 44只健康新西兰大白兔使用随机数字表法等分成 A、B两组,各 22只。均实施开腹穿刺接种法移植肝癌, A组行常规经导管动脉化疗栓塞术( TACE)手术治疗(阿霉素 +碘化油)B组在传统 TACE治疗的基础上联合使用靶向药物贝伐单抗。根据手术后生存时间分为死亡组(存活时间 <14 d)和存活组(存活,时间 ≥14 d)将可能影响存活的因素分别行单因素及 lo- gistic多因素回归分析,使用受试者操作特征曲线( ROC曲线)分析相关因素的诊断预,测效能。结果死亡组为 10只,存活组为 34只。多因素分析显示体质量［ OR=0.20,95%CI:(0.07,0.59)］、总胆红素［ OR=6.02,95%CI:(2.55,14.16)］是 VX2肝癌兔术后短期死亡的独立影响因素。 ROC曲线分析显示当肝癌兔体质量 ≤2.44 kg、总胆红素 ≥4.84 μmol/L时预测术后短期死亡的效能最高,此时曲线下面积( AUC)分别为 0.90和 0.89。结论基于 DSA的 VX2肝癌兔靶向药物治疗模型的建立成功率较为可靠,但较低的体质量和较高的术后血清总胆红素是肝癌兔术后短期内死亡的独立危险因素。     

Pig-to-baboon lung xenotransplantation: Extended survival with targeted genetic modifications and pharmacologic treatments

Galactosyl transferase knock-out pig lungs fail rapidly in baboons. Based on previously identified lung xenograft injury mechanisms, additional expression of human complement and coagulation pathway regulatory proteins, anti-inflammatory enzymes and self-recognition receptors, and knock-down of the β4Gal xenoantigen were tested in various combinations. Transient life-supporting GalTKO.hCD46 lung function was consistently observed in association with either hEPCR (n = 15), hTBM (n = 4), or hEPCR.hTFPI (n = 11), but the loss of vascular barrier function in the xenograft and systemic inflammation in the recipient typically occurred within 24 h. Co-expression of hEPCR and hTBM (n = 11) and additionally blocking multiple pro-inflammatory innate and adaptive immune mechanisms was more consistently associated with survival >1 day, with one recipient surviving for 31 days. Combining targeted genetic modifications to the lung xenograft with selective innate and adaptive immune suppression enables prolonged initial life-supporting lung function and extends lung xenograft recipient survival, and illustrates residual barriers and candidate treatment strategies that may enable the clinical application of other organ xenografts.     

Immersed Boundary Approach to Biofilm Spread on Surfaces

We propose a computational model to study the growth and spread of bacterial biofilms on interfaces, as well as the action of antibiotics on them. Bacterial membranes are represented by boundaries immersed in a fluid matrix and subject to interaction forces. Growth, division and death of bacterial cells follow dynamic energy budget rules, in response to variations in environmental concentrations of nutrients, toxicants and substances released by the cells. In this way, we create, destroy and enlarge boundaries, either spherical or rod-like. Appropriate forces represent details of the interaction between cells, and the interaction with the environment. We can investigate geometrical arrangements and the formation of porous structures. Numerical simulations illustrate the evolution of top views and diametral slices of small biofilm seeds, as well as the action of antibiotics. We show that cocktails of antibiotics targeting active and dormant cells can entirely eradicate a biofilm.     

热毒宁注射液青蒿金银花浓缩过程近红外快速定量检测方法的建立

目的建立热毒宁注射液青蒿金银花醇沉浓缩过程主要药效成分的定量校正模型,实现生产过程在线监控。方法采用近红外光谱技术(NIRS)结合偏最小二乘法(PLSR)分别建立新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸的定量校正模型。结果新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸定量校正模型的决定系数(R~2)分别为0.954 5、0.975 2、0.9691;校正集误差均方根(RMSEC)为0.213、0.676、0.225,交叉验证集误差均方根(RMSECV)分别为0.233、0.692、0.258。采用所建模型进行在线分析,新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸的预测值与实测值的决定系数分别为0.984 2、0.983 7、0.9870,预测相对误差(RPD)分别为4.77、5.29、4.37,预测相对偏差(RSEP)分别为3.519%、3.778%、3.895%。结论所建的模型可以用于热毒宁注射液青蒿金银花醇沉浓缩过程中新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸的在线定量测定。     

Differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian masses using multiparametric MRI

PurposeTo investigate the capabilities of multiparametric MRI including dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to discriminate between benign and malignant ovarian masses.MethodsA total of 43 women with a total of 43 ovarian masses were retrospectively included. They had a mean age of 51.26 ± 18.05 (SD) years (range: 20–88 years). Twenty women had benign and 23 had malignant ovarian tumors. All women had multiparametric MRI examinations including DWI (b50-b800) and DCE perfusion imaging at 1–5 T. Results of DWI (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], b-800) and DCE imaging (volume transfer coefficient [K^trans], rate constant [K_ep], interstitial volume [V_e], initial area under the curve [iAUC]) were compared between benign and malignant ovarian masses.ResultsMean ADC was significantly lowed in malignant tumors (0.92 ± 0.25 [SD] ×10⁻³ mm²/s (range: 0.6–1.6 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) than in benign tumors (1.37 ± 0.69 [SD] × 10⁻³ mm²/s; range: 0.4–2.9 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) (P = 0.011). B-800 was significantly greater in malignant tumors (80.61 ± 24.73 [SD] s/mm²; range: 24–110 s/mm²) than in benign ones (61.15 ± 22.17 [SD] s/mm²; range: 38–155 s/mm²) (P = 0.010).  K^trans was lower in benign tumors (0.13 ± 0.06 [SD] min⁻¹; range: 0–0.2 min⁻¹) than in malignant ones (0.25 ± 0.16 [SD] min⁻¹; range: 0.1–0.8 min⁻¹) (P = 0.002).  K_ep was significantly greater in malignant tumors (0.55 ± 0.19 [SD] min⁻¹; range: 0.1–1.9 min⁻¹) than in benign ones (0.44 ± 0.38 [SD] min⁻¹; range: 0.2–1.1 min⁻¹) (P = 0.003). iAUC was greater in malignant tumors (15.59 ± 7.98 [SD] mM/min; range: 6.6–42.1 mM/min) than in benign ones (7.98 ± 5.06 [SD] mM/min; range: 0.2–17.7 mM/min) (P = 0.001). No differences in V_e were found between benign and malignant masses (P = 0.084). The area under the ROC curve was significant for all parameters but V_e. Logistic regression analysis revealed 5.590 and 11.637 times higher malignancy risk for an ADC ≤ 0.93 × 10⁻³ mm²/s and an iAUC ≥ 13.88 mM/min, respectively.ConclusionMultiparametric MRI has high accuracy in discrimination between benign and malignant ovarian masses. Therefore, adding these methods to the more common MRI protocol can help select the best treatment option in women with ovarian mass.