髂内动脉或腹主动脉阻断对山羊髂内动脉网压力的影响

目的 评估山羊髂内动脉或腹主动脉阻断后髂内动脉压力的变化,为治疗骨盆骨折合并动脉出血合理选择阻断动脉的方法提供理论依据. 方法 共选择5只山羊,分别按以下方法测量髂内动脉的压力:(1)测量正常髂内动脉动脉压,(2)测量阻断一侧髂内动脉后远端压力,(3)测量阻断双侧髂内动脉后远端压力,(4)测量阻断腹主动脉和双侧髂内动脉后远端压力,(5)测量单纯阻断腹主动脉后髂内动脉压力. 结果 正常髂内动脉血压为(57.84±13.46) mm Hg,阻断一侧髂内动脉后远端压力为(38.40± 17.39)mm Hg,阻断双侧髂内动脉后远端压力为(29.70±12.16)mm Hg,阻断腹主动脉和双侧髂内动脉后远端动脉压力为(32.80±17.02) mm Hg 单纯阻断腹主动脉后髂内动脉远端压力为(29.20±18.52) mm Hg.不同的阻断方法对髂内动脉的压力均有明显的影响(P＜0.05),但不同的阻断方法之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 上述4种阻断方法对降低髂内动脉压力的作用是相似的,临床工作中选择一种方法即可,不必重复应用.     

Vascular Closure Devices in Acute Coronary Syndromes: From Arbitrary to a Necessity?

Vascular closure devices (VCDs) were initially developed to improve access site hemostasis and allow for earlier ambulation in patients undergoing diagnostic catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Though initially thought to be beneficial, large meta-analysis has shown conflicting data regarding whether VCDs alter access site bleeding in a variety of clinical settings. One area of particular interest for the adoption of VCDs has been in the setting of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in which multiple antiplatelet strategies are often employed leading to a high risk of bleeding. Bleeding in ACS has been shown to be a powerful independent predictor of 30-day mortality. Recently, investigators have reported that VCDs reduce access site bleeding in the setting of ACS. In our review, we use several selected representative clinical trials to provide a historical account for the use of VCDs. We also provide for a review of data as it relates to access site bleeding in ACS along with analysis showing that VCDs may potentially provide for reductions in bleeding and vascular complications in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.     

高强度聚焦超声治疗功血的初步研究

功能失调性子宫出血简称功血,是一种常见的妇科疾病,其传统的治疗方法主要有性激素治疗、宫内节育器植入、诊断性刮宫及手术治疗。高强度聚焦超声可以靶向消融子宫内膜且有止血作用,在功血治疗方面具有很好的应用前景。     

腹腔镜下卵巢肿瘤剥除术中不同止血法的术后卵巢功能比较

目的探究不同止血方法对腹腔镜下卵巢肿瘤剥除术后卵巢功能的影响。方法回顾性分析我院于2011年12月～2012年12月收治的80例卵巢良性肿瘤患者,均进行腹腔镜下卵巢肿瘤剥除手术治疗,并按照术中不同的止血法,分为观察组44例,对照组36例,分别行缝合止血与电凝止血,对比两组患者术后卵巢功能。结果观察组患者术后6个月、1年的围绝经期综合征发生率、月经异常发生率等,均显著低于对照组,差异存在统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组手术前后的黄体生成素、血清雌二醇及卵泡刺激素等性激素水平变化不显著（P〉0.05）,对照组手术前后各性激素水平的变化差异存在统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在腹腔镜下卵巢肿瘤剥除手术治疗卵巢良性肿瘤患者中,采用缝合止血方法对患者卵巢功能的影响较小,而电凝止血的损害性较大。     

The effect of a viscoelastic-guided bleeding algorithm implementation on blood products use in adult liver transplant patients. A propensity score-matched before-after study

BackgroundPerioperative blood products transfusion is correlated with increased morbidity and mortality in liver transplantation (LTx). The objectives of our study are to assess the effect of a standardized viscoelastic test (VET)-guided bleeding management algorithm implementation on intraoperative bleeding, allogenic blood products and factor concentrates requirements and on early postoperative complications in LTx.MethodsRetrospective before-after study comparing two matched cohorts of patients undergoing LTx before (control cohort) and after (intervention cohort) the implementation of a VET-based bleeding algorithm in a single center academic hospital.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, we included 94 patients in each cohort. Patients in intervention cohort received significantly less blood products, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and cryoprecipitate (p < 0.001 for each), while the amount of fibrinogen concentrate used was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Postoperatively, intervention cohort patients had significantly lower postoperative hemoglobin and fibrinogen levels and longer prothrombin time compared to control cohort. There were no significant differences in red blood cells transfusions, intraoperative bleeding, early postoperative complications, and short term survival.ConclusionsThe implementation of a VET-guided bleeding algorithm decreases allogenic blood products requirements, mainly FFP use and allows a more restrictive management of coagulopathy in patients with chronic liver disease undergoing LTx.     

鼻内镜下局部生理盐水注射治疗鼻出血

鼻利特尔区出血时选择有效、迅速、操作简便的治疗方法,对减轻患者痛苦和减少并发症十分重要。笔者对150例（176侧）鼻利特尔区出血的门诊病例采用生理盐水黏膜下注射方法治疗的效果进行观察,效果显著。现报道如下。     

食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征的诊断和治疗

目的:了解食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征的临床特点,总结食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征的诊治经验。方法:对2002~2007年鄂尔多斯市中心医院普外科收治的14例食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:12例病人行非手术保守治疗,其中10例内镜下介入止血;2例实施手术,均痊愈。结论:内镜是确诊食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征的首选方法,止血效果肯定。如内科治疗效果不佳或反复出血、危及生命、应尽早手术治疗。