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101.
Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the lung, which play an important role in COPD. The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation of ergosterol are well documented. However, the effect of ergosterol on macrophage polarization has not been studied. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of ergosterol on macrophage polarization in CSE-induced RAW264.7 cells and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats COPD model. Our results demonstrate that CSE-induced macrophages tend to the M1 polarization via increasing ROS, IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as increasing MMP-9 to destroy the lung construction in both RAW264.7 cells and SD rats. However, treatment of RAW264.7 cells and SD rats with ergosterol inhibited CSE-induced inflammatory by decreasing ROS, IL-6 and TNF-α, and increasing IL-10 and TGF-β, shuffling the dynamic polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 both in vitro and in vivo. Ergosterol also decreased the expression of M1 marker CD40, while increased that of M2 marker CD163. Moreover, ergosterol improved the lung characters in rats by decreasing MMP-9. Furthermore, ergosterol elevated HDAC3 activation and suppressed P300/CBP and PCAF activation as well as acetyl NF-κB/p65 and IKKβ, demonstrating that HDAC3 deacetylation was involved in the effect of ergosterol on macrophage polarization. These results also provide a proof in immunoregulation of ergosterol for therapeutic effects of cultured C. sinensis on COPD patients. 相似文献
102.
【摘要】白藜芦醇是一种天然的多酚化合物,有预防心血管疾病,预防衰老,抗炎,抗癌等作用。该文总结了近年来白藜芦醇作用于结直肠癌的机制的研究进展,为白藜芦醇的进一步研究提供依据。 相似文献
103.
近年来,抗程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)药物在转移性结直肠癌患者错配修复缺陷治疗中的成功使得该疾病的免疫治疗得以重视。然而,失配修复缺陷的结直肠癌患者仅占结肠癌患者的一部分。目前的研究重点是将免疫治疗应用到疾病的早期阶段,包括辅助一线治疗,以及检测免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的敏感性。然而,哪些患者能够从该免疫治疗中获益仍是值得商榷的问题,因为这类药物具有自身免疫毒性。PD-1的配体之一程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体1(PD-L1)作为一种检测生物标记物,其检测可以通过免疫组化来实现。但其免疫组化的检测存在一些混杂因素,包括应用不同的检测抗体、不同的免疫组化临界值、肿瘤组织的采集准备方式不同、处理过程的不同、原发与继发的活检标本、肿瘤源性或诱导的PD-L1表达,以及肿瘤与免疫细胞的染色等。目前的结果表明,免疫组化检测肿瘤过表达PD-L1的患者在接受抗PD-L1治疗时临床效果更理想,而有些低表达的肿瘤也对该治疗有所缓解,这使PD-L1的分析中存在复杂性。阐明宿主免疫系统与肿瘤微环境的机制则能够更好地解释针对PD-L1药物是否让患者受益。 相似文献
104.
循证医学模式的引入使得恶性肿瘤中医治疗的有效性有了新的阐述途径,同时也对中医疗效评价体系提出了更高的要求。基于患者的自身感受,医师望闻问切四诊等得到的主观信息是主观疗效评价的重要组成方面,一直以来都是中医疗效评价的重要手段,其由单一的症状是否好转的评价发展至多重症状是否改善、整体生活质量是否提高等的评价方式,主观疗效评价的方式越来越丰富,也越来越规范,文章就目前主观疗效评价在中医药领域的研究现状及进展展开综述。 相似文献
105.
目的 探讨PDCA 循环在消化道肿瘤伴糖尿病患者营养全程管理中的效果观察。方法 运用PDCA循环对80例不同程度营养不良的消化道肿瘤伴糖尿病患者实施营养全程管理,比较干预前后患者的体重、BMI指数、糖化血红蛋白、血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白及球蛋白水平。结果 患者血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白及球蛋白水平均有提高,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PDCA循环管理在消化道肿瘤伴糖尿病患者营养全程管理中有较大的优势, 值得推广。 相似文献
106.
《肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志》2019,6(1):66-69
目的 探讨肿瘤患者化疗后血清微量元素及免疫功能的变化,以及肠内营养支持对上述测定指标的影响。方法 选择 2018 年 3 月至 5 月进入武汉市中心医院化疗的肿瘤患者 19 例,年龄为 18~70 岁;KPS 评分≥ 60。随机分为两组: 9 例患者化疗期间行肠内营养干预,10 例患者未进行营养干预。在化疗前后分别测定血清微量元素和外周血淋巴细胞亚 群,并进行统计学分析。结果 未经营养干预的患者化疗后血清锰含量比化疗前显著减低(P=0.004),化疗后血清铅呈 现临界水平降低(P=0.057);行营养干预的患者血清锌含量显著降低(P=0.013),外周血中NK 细胞比例在化疗后呈 临界水平降低(P=0.059),而 CD4+/CD8+ 之比在化疗后呈临界水平升高(P=0.057)。结论 化疗及营养干预对血清微 量元素浓度有一定的作用;营养干预对外周血T 细胞的分布有一定的影响,表现为NK 细胞比例在化疗后有降低趋势, CD4+/CD8+ 比值有升高趋势。由于病例数较少以及营养干预时间较短,因此有必要增加病例数以及延长营养干预时间并 做进一步深入研究。 相似文献
107.
目的观察重灸中脘穴对脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者胃肠激素、胃动力学的影响。方法选取符合纳入标准的88例脾胃虚寒型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组44例。对照组采用常规药物治疗,治疗组采用重灸中脘穴治疗。疗程结束后记录并对比分析两组临床疗效、胃肠激素[胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)]、胃动力学(胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率)、主要临床症状评分等变化。结果治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后GAS、MTL均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后主要临床症状评分均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规药物治疗基础上重灸中脘穴治疗脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫,可调节胃肠激素,改善胃肠动力,促进胃肠功能恢复。 相似文献
108.
《Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia》2020,20(7):415-421
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a BCR-ABL1− myeloproliferative neoplasm that arises from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells frequently harboring a somatic driver mutation in 1 of 3 genes: JAK2, CALR, or MPL. The pathologic features of this hematologic malignancy include myeloproliferation, diffuse bone marrow fibrosis, and overactivation of the JAK-STAT pathway, resulting in enhanced inflammatory cytokine release. The common clinical manifestations of MF include systemic symptoms, abnormal peripheral blood count levels, and splenomegaly. However, it has become increasingly appreciated that significant clinical heterogeneity exists among patients with MF. Two distinct MF clinical phenotypes include the myeloproliferative and myelodepletive phenotype, with peripheral blood counts being the main discerning feature. Patients with the myeloproliferative phenotype will present with elevated peripheral blood counts and often experience significant constitutional symptoms and progressive splenomegaly. In contrast, patients with the myelodepletive phenotype will have low peripheral blood counts and will frequently require transfusion support. Current frontline therapies for MF, include ruxolitinib and fedratinib, which can exacerbate cytopenias and thereby pose an impediment to effective treatment of the myelodepletive patient. The present review discusses the clinical and prognostic implications of the myelodepletive phenotype and the therapeutic options and limitations for this subset of patients, representing an unmet clinical need. 相似文献
109.
RongZong Liu WonShik Choi Saket Jain Deepak Dinakaran Xia Xu Woo Hyun Han XiaoHong Yang Darryl D. Glubrecht Ronald B. Moore Hlne Lemieux Roseline Godbout 《Molecular oncology》2020,14(12):3100
Early stage localized prostate cancer (PCa) has an excellent prognosis; however, patient survival drops dramatically when PCa metastasizes. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. Here, we examine the role of a new member of the fatty acid‐binding protein (FABP) family, FABP12, in PCa progression. FABP12 is preferentially amplified and/or overexpressed in metastatic compared to primary tumors from both PCa patients and xenograft animal models. We show that FABP12 concurrently triggers metastatic phenotypes (induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to increased cell motility and invasion) and lipid bioenergetics (increased fatty acid uptake and accumulation, increased ATP production from fatty acid β‐oxidation) in PCa cells, supporting increased reliance on fatty acids for energy production. Mechanistically, we show that FABP12 is a driver of PPARγ activation which, in turn, regulates FABP12''s role in lipid metabolism and PCa progression. Our results point to a novel role for a FABP‐PPAR pathway in promoting PCa metastasis through induction of EMT and lipid bioenergetics.
Abbreviations
- AR
- androgen receptor
- ATP
- adenosine triphosphate
- CN
- copy number
- CPT1
- carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
- CS
- citrate synthase
- EMT
- epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- ET
- electron transfer‐state
- FABP
- fatty acid‐binding protein
- LD
- lipid droplet
- OA
- oleic acid
- PCa
- prostate cancer
- PPAR
- peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor
- PPRE
- peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor response element
- TZD
- thiazolidinediones
110.
《European journal of surgical oncology》2020,46(11):2023-2028
IntroductionThe lymph node ratio (LNR), which represents the proportion of metastatic lymph nodes resected, has been found to be a prognostic variable in several cancers, but data for Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are sparse. The aim of this study was to determine the value of the LNR in predicting outcome in patients with MTC.Materials and methodsA retrospective multicenter study design of 107 patients with MTC who underwent total thyroidectomy with neck dissection between 1984 and 2016. The association of LNR with patient and tumor characteristics and prognostic factors was evaluated.ResultsStudy population consisted of 53.3% female, mean age at diagnosis was 50.3 ± 18.4 years; 16.8% had inherited MTC. LNR was positively correlated with tumor size (p = 0.018) and inversely correlated with age at diagnosis (p = 0.024). A higher LNR was associated with extrathyroidal extension (p < 0.001), multifocality (p = 0.001), bilateral tumor (p = 0.002), distant metastases (p < 0.001), and tumor recurrence (OR = 14.7, p < 0.001). LNR was also correlated to postoperative calcitonin levels (p < 0.001) and carcinoembryonic antigen (p = 0.011). LNR >0.1 was associated with shorter disease-specific survival in patients at risk: tumor larger than 20 mm at diagnosis (p = 0.013), sporadic MTC (p = 0.01), and age above 40 years at diagnosis (p = 0.004). Cox multivariate survival analysis revealed LNR as the only significant independent factor for disease free survival (p = 0.005).ConclusionsThis study showed that LNR correlates well with patient and tumor characteristics and prognostic variables. We suggest that LNR should be considered an important parameter for predicting outcome in MTC. 相似文献