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11.
谢芬 《河南中医学院学报》2008,23(3):12-13
《内经》从多方面论述了生命运动的周期性,包括日周期、十日周期、月周期、年周期等,笔者以气血、脏腑、色脉为纲对其进行总结,阐述生命运动周期性对人体的影响,凸显生命运动周期的重要性,并提出顺应自然、协调周期的养生、治疗原则。 相似文献
12.
《内经》从多方面论述了生命运动的周期性,包括日周期、十日周期、月周期、年周期等,笔者以气血、脏腑、色脉为纲对其进行总结,阐述生命运动周期性对人体的影响,凸显生命运动周期的重要性,并提出顺应自然、协调周期的养生、治疗原则。 相似文献
13.
14.
Prediction of periodic event timing is an important function for everyday activities, while the exact neural mechanism remains unclear. Previous studies in nonhuman primates have demonstrated that neurons in the cerebellar dentate nucleus and those in the caudate nucleus exhibit periodic firing modulation when the animals attempt to detect a single omission of isochronous repetitive audiovisual stimuli. To understand how these subcortical signals are sent and processed through the thalamocortical pathways, we examined single-neuron activities in the central thalamus of two macaque monkeys (one female and one male). We found that three types of neurons responded to each stimulus in the sequence in the absence of movements. Reactive-type neurons showed sensory adaptation and gradually waned the transient response to each stimulus. Predictive-type neurons steadily increased the magnitude of the suppressive response, similar to neurons previously reported in the cerebellum. Switch-type neurons initially showed a transient response, but after several cycles, the direction of firing modulation reversed and the activity decreased for each repetitive stimulus. The time course of Switch-type activity was well explained by the weighted sum of activities of the other types of neurons. Furthermore, for only Switch-type neurons the activity just before stimulus omission significantly correlated with behavioral latency, indicating that this type of neuron may carry a more advanced signal in the system detecting stimulus omission. These results suggest that the central thalamus may transmit integrated signals to the cerebral cortex for temporal information processing, which are necessary to accurately predict rhythmic event timing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Several cortical and subcortical regions are involved in temporal information processing, and the thalamus will play a role in functionally linking them. The present study aimed to clarify how the paralaminar part of the thalamus transmits and modifies signals for temporal prediction of rhythmic events. Three types of thalamic neurons exhibited periodic activity when monkeys attempted to detect a single omission of isochronous repetitive stimuli. The activity of one type of neuron correlated with the behavioral latency and appeared to be generated by integrating the signals carried by the other types of neurons. Our results revealed the neuronal signals in the thalamus for temporal prediction of sensory events, providing a clue to elucidate information processing in the thalamocortical pathways. 相似文献
15.
Periodicity is a fundamental sound attribute. Its coding has been the subject of intensive research, most of which has focused on investigating how the periodicity of sounds is processed through the synaptic machinery in the brain. The extent to which the intrinsic properties of cells play in periodicity coding, particularly in the creation of selectivity to periodic signals, is not well understood. We performed in vitro whole-cell patch recordings in the frog torus semicircularis to investigate each neuron's intrinsic membrane properties as well as responses to sinusoidal current injected through the electrode and periodic stimulation of the ascending afferent. We found that: (i) toral neurons were heterogeneous, showing diverse biophysical phenotypes having distinct membrane characteristics, including membrane time constants (τ) and ionic channel compositions ( I h , I kir , I kv and I NaP ); (ii) a neuron's τ was tightly correlated with its current-evoked frequency preference (FP; range: 0.05–50 Hz); (iii) application of blockers for I h , I kir and I kv (but not I NaP ) shifted the τ as well as the cell's current-evoked FP, suggesting that these ion channels contribute to the cell's FP through regulation of τ; (iv) a neuron's τ was also correlated with its afferent-evoked FP (range: 10–300 pulses/s); and (v) the range of afferent-evoked FP was approximately one order higher than the range of current-evoked FPs, suggesting that both the cell's intrinsic membrane and synaptic properties contribute to determining the afferent-evoked cell-specific FP (whose range matched those of cell-specific responses to sound stimulation, e.g. selectivity to amplitude modulation rate). 相似文献
16.
PAUL SCHWEITZER 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1989,12(12):1846-1850
Presented are three patients with Wenckebach type second degree AV block that was complicated with AV nodal reentry producing different arrhythmias. The common presentation of manifest AV nodal reentry is an incomplete Wenckebach periodicity, whereby the retrograde impulse interrupts the Wenckebach cycle; rarely, the retrograde impulse initiates an AV junctional reentrant tachycardia. The documentation of concealed AV nodal reentry is more difficult and should be considered if there is a sudden increase of the PR interval in the Wenckebach cycle. 相似文献
17.
A. Larry Arsenault 《Calcified tissue international》1991,48(1):56-62
Summary This study is concerned with the cryogenic preservation of intrafibrillar apatite distribution in type I collagen of turkey
leg tendons. Cryogenic specimen preparations by the rapid freezing of nonfixed and noncryoprotected leg tendons were performed
by two different protocols: (1) low temperature substitution, fixation and staining followed by low temperature embedment;
(2) frozen hydrated and air-dried cryosections were examined with the electron microscope at −165°C and normal operating temperatures,
respectively. These protocols revealed the axial periodicity for mineralized collagen to have a 65–69 nm range with a mean
value of 67 nm as determined by point-to-point measurements. Mineral distributions and specific apatite visualization were
examined by electron microscopic imaging in bright field and selected-area dark field, respectively. Fourier filtered images
and image subtraction were used to separate the axial repeating and nonrepeating intrafibrillar mineral domains of collagen.
The removal of these axial repeats revealed an underlying and integrated mineral distribution, demonstrating that apatite
is not confined to axial periodicities such as those of the gap zone. 相似文献
18.
A nonlinear circadian model is postulated as the underlying process in the generation of biological data containing several significant non-24-hour rhythms. The model (a) attributes observed multimodal dispersion to the nonlinear influence of processes which modulate the circadian rhythm, but which are very slow compared to 24-hour processes, and (b) provides quantitative estimates of the period of this slow modulation, as well as the period of the basic circadian rhythm. Under this model, circadian data previously presumed to be anomalous gives a consistent derived basic rhythm of about 24 hours. 相似文献
19.
Plasma corticosteroid circadian periodicity was determined in three groups of individual adult male rats. Categories were: postsubdiaphragmatic vagotomy, sham-operated, and controls. Blood was sampled every 4 hours over a 48-hour period with ad lib feeding and after a 13-day period on daytime (0930–1330) restriction of food and water availability. Plasma corticosterone circadian periodicity was normal under ad lib conditions in control, sham-operated, and vagotomized animals. Under food-restricted conditions, both the sham-operated and vagotomized animals exhibited the 12-hour shift in the circadian peak of plasma corticosterone levels that we have previously described in normal animals under such conditions. There were no differences between groups in the total amount of food and water consumed or the percentage of nocturnal food intake on an ad lib feeding schedule. Both vagotomized and sham-operated animals manifested reductions in food intake under conditions of food restriction, although vagotomized consumed less than sham-operated animals. The present data indicate that an intact vagus nerve is not necessary for the establishment of circadian periodicity of plasma corticosterone levels or the shift in the periodicity of corticosteroid secretion produced by a restricted feeding regimen. 相似文献
20.
ROKURO MIZUKAWA MD JOJI TSUSHIMA MD TERUO TAKADA MD TADABUMI NAGABUCHI MD KEN WATANABE MD HIDEBUMI HAZAMA MD 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》1996,50(5):251-255
Abstract In studying the periodicity of mania onsets, cycle-oriented diagrams were made of the clinical course from 257 manic episodes analyzed retrospectively in 34 bipolar I manic-depressive patients for a period of about 5 years. Using these diagrams, the frequent period of mania onsets located in one-quarter of the follow-up period was pre-estimated, and the accordance ratio during a 25 month follow-up period was analyzed. The accordance ratio in all subjects was 39% (11/28) for the first episode and 35% (7/20) for the second episode. These ratios were not significantly different from the expected level (25%). The number of subjects was limited to 11 patients (10 rapid and 1 non-rapid cyclers) whose number of episodes used for the determination of the index cycle was eight or more. The accordance ratio was 64% (7/11) and 60% (6/10) for the first and second episodes, respectively. Their levels were significantly higher than those expected. Periodicity of mania onsets existed at least in rapid cyclers with abundant past data. 相似文献