Periodic Appearance of Frontal Midline Theta Activity during Performance of a Sensory-Motor Task

The present experiment was designed to demonstrate the presence of a constant rhythm or periodicity in the appearance of Fmθ using the Mirror Drawing Test (MDT), a task with a changing degree of difficulty. Thirty male university students were recorded on the EEGs during performance of the MDT for 5 min. Fmθ appeared most frequently in the block requiring the longest time for passage, or the most difficult block. The present study further revealed that Fmθ tended to appear mainly from four points at about 40, 90, 190 and 270 sec after beginning the MDT. From these results, the appearance of Fmθ was shown to be more distinctly related to the concentration of attention. In the process of concentration and attention distraction, the presence of a rhythm with a periodicity of approximately 45 sec was suggested.     

物理因子疗法联合运动疗法治疗肌筋膜炎

目的观察温热式低周波与远红外辐射、拔罐加颈肩腰背肌功能训练综合治疗肌筋膜炎的临床疗效。方法治疗组52例肌筋膜炎患者,应用温热式低周波与远红外辐射治疗,1次／d,25～30min／次, 拔罐,1次／2d,之后进行颈肩腰背肌功能训练,1次／5d。对照组52例患者应用与治疗组相同的物理因子疗法。10次后比较两组疗效。结果治疗组治愈显效率86.54％,VAS评分2.55±1.59,优于对照组的 65.38％和3.29±1.53(P＜0.05)。结论物理因子疗法能镇痛、松解痉挛,有效控制症状,运动疗法可使肌肉充分伸展,增强肌肉力量,加快康复。两者合用,有积极的治疗和预防复发作用。     

影响针灸治疗原发性痛经疗效的主要因素探讨

在对近10年来针灸治疗痛经的文献总结归纳的基础上,就影响其疗效的主要因素进行了一些探讨.针灸治疗原发性痛经应把影响其疗效的因素综合起来,结合月经周期的节律性,根据患者自身的生理、病理及精神心理状态,实则泻之,虚则补之,实现个性化的治疗,从而提高临床疗效.     

Changes in cyanoprokaryote populations, Microcystis morphology, and microcystin concentrations in Lake Elphinstone (Central Queensland, Australia)

Lake Elphinstone is a tropical inland water body in the far north of the Fitzroy Catchment in Central Queensland, Australia, and has experienced recurrent toxic cyanoprokaryote blooms since 1997. This article reports on an examination of the environmental conditions of the lake and the concurrent cyanoprokaryote species together with their toxicity. The lake was sampled three times during periods of high cyanoprokaryote cell concentrations. Successive changes in the dominant Microcystis species were accompanied by variation in the concentration of the hepatotoxin microcystin. Environmental parameters recorded during dominance by both the highly toxic species Microcystis panniformis and the nontoxic M. botrys are provided. Nutrient status, temperature, and light conditions were associated with species change within the blooms. Variation of microcystin concentrations coincided with speciation change (i.e., morphological variation) within the blooms. Also discussed is the environmental impact of toxin production by M. panniformis with respect to influence on cell division, energy states, and toxin photodegradation. Lake Elphinstone is the first Australian location reported to have M. panniformis.     

Quantitative description of EEG periodicities during stationary sleep stages

SUMMARY  A quantitative method was applied in order to assess variations in EEG activities during sleep. Three classes of variations were distinguished: variations connected with sleep-stage changes (class 1), higher-frequency variations described by the envelope of frequency-band activities (class 2), intermediate-frequency variations, corresponding to periods from 4 to 120 s (class 3). For each class, parameters characterizing the frequency spectra were computed. These parameters were mathematically simple and clear in their meaning, since they measured power, modulation index and mean squared frequency. A statistical comparison of the mean values of the parameters during different sleep stages evidenced a certain number of significant shifts in each of the three classes. The most important class-1 and class-2 variations were described by our parameters with high levels of significance. The results obtained for class 3 were in agreement with visual observations reported in the literature, such as the progressive increase in the interval between successive arousals from sleep onset to Stage 4 and the frequent occurrence of cyclic alternating patterns during Stage 2 epochs immediately preceding REM sleep.     

Melatonin,diel rhythms,and metamorphosis in anuran amphibians

Melatonin is present in picogram quantities in the plasma of anuran tadpoles, although the origin of circulating melatonin is not known. Melatonin may have a role in metamorphosis because it is a thyroid antagonist, whose level falls at the metamorphic climax when the thyroid hormones peak. Melatonin rhythms in plasma and eyes are entrained to the light/dark (LD) cycle and affected by temperature. Consequently, melatonin could transduce environmental information to regulate endocrine periodicity and larval circadian organization and influence metamorphic rate. Contradictory results of exogenous melatonin treatment may be largely due to a regulation of the plasma melatonin level which rapidly clears high melatonin concentrations and which can even result in lower circulating melatonin than in controls. Excess exogenous melatonin concentrates in tissues and glands, although the fall in melatonin at metamorphic climax does not occur by this mechanism. There may be thyroxine (T(4))-melatonin interactions at the tissue level that affect metamorphic progress. The rhythms of T(4) and the corticosteroids are also entrained to the LD cycle, and these rhythms, and those of melatonin, change during development, in a specific way on each LD cycle. Differences in the direction and magnitude of phase shifts during development place the peaks of thyroid modulators, such as the corticosteroids and melatonin, in different relationships to the T(4) peaks, which could be an important aspect of the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis.     

蛛网膜下腔出血发病时间研究

目的：探讨蛛网膜正月空出血（SAH）发病的时间规律。寻求防治措施。方法：对101例SAH病人发病时间,日周期从零时计算每2小时为一时间段,年周期以月为计算单元,分析各时间段的发病,及发病时间与年龄、发病原因、血压、气候的关系。结果：将各时间段实际发病例数与期望发病例数进行比较,日周期节律最高峰8-10时,次高峰下午16-20时,最低谷0-4时,年周期两个峰分别为1-2月和9-10月。结论：SAH发病具有时间规律性,常与血压、气候、情绪变化有关。     

周期性张应力对C2C12成肌细胞增殖的影响

背景：在力学刺激下,肌肉组织发生改建,其中的成肌过程是一个多阶段的发育过程,细胞外基质的许多信号参与了成肌过程,其中力学信号是肌肉形成和再生的重要外界因子。目前国内外有许多关于周期性张应力刺激成肌细胞凋亡和增殖的报道,但是力学刺激在成肌作用中的具体机制目前还明确。目的：探讨周期性张应力对C2C12成肌细胞增殖的作用及影响机制。方法：采用FX4000T应力加载系统对体外培养的C2C12成肌细胞施加10%的周期性张应力,分别作用6,12,24 h。结果与结论：MTT结果显示,随着加力时间的延长C2C12成肌细胞的增殖情况及S期的细胞周期率逐渐增加,在应力作用12 h时增殖效果最明显（P〈0.05）,随后开始降低。Western blot检测显示,C2C12成肌细胞中核转录因子κB蛋白的表达随加力时间增加而不断减少,加力24 h时表达量又开始上升。结果提示,周期性张应力可以诱导C2C12成肌细胞增殖,能够改变其细胞周期,核转录因子κB可能也参与了此调节过程。     

含有周期性的时间序列中连续型缺失数据的填补方法

目的用模拟研究的方法,对含周期性的时间序列数据中的连续型缺失数据进行填补,比较基于周期信息的时间序列缺失值填补法(简称周期性填补法)和spline插值填补法对连续型缺失数据的填补效果。方法分别应用模拟时间序列数据和实际时间序列数据模拟连续型缺失,比较两种方法在不同连续缺失个数下的缺失值填补效果。采用NRMSE和RMSE量化填补的误差。结果除连续型缺失长度为10和平,随着连续缺失个数的增加,周期性填补法的填补误均小于spline插值填补法。周期性填补方法的填补误差在5～30的连续缺失范围内无明显波动,始终保持在一个较低的水平;而spline填补值的误差随着缺失个数的增加明显增高。结论对于含有确切周期性的时间序列,周期性填补方法对连续型缺失数据的填补效果相对于spline填补更好,填补误差稳定,并且不随连续缺失长度的增加而有较大的变化。     

The chronobiology of migraine: a systematic review

BackgroundThe paroxysmal nature of migraine is a hallmark of the disease. Some patients report increased attack frequency at certain seasons or towards the end of the week, while others experience diurnal variations of migraine attack onset. This systematic review investigates the chronobiology of migraine and its relation to the periodicity of attacks in existing literature to further understand the oscillating nature of migraine.Main bodyPubMed and Embase were systematically searched and screened for eligible articles with outcome measures relating to a circadian, weekly or seasonal distribution of migraine attacks. We found that the majority of studies reported morning hours (6 am–12 pm) as the peak time of onset for migraine attacks. More studies reported Saturday as weekly peak day of attack. There was no clear seasonal variation of migraine due to methodological differences (primarily related to location), however four out of five studies conducted in Norway reported the same yearly peak time indicating a possible seasonal periodicity phenomenon of migraine.ConclusionsThe findings of the current review suggest a possible role of chronobiologic rhythms to the periodicity of migraine attacks. Future studies are, however, still needed to provide more knowledge of the oscillating nature of migraine.