Recurrent, multiple, calcified soft tissue metastases from osteogenic sarcoma without pulmonary involvement

Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) metastasizes primarily to the lung. With the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as part of the treatment, the overall and disease-free survival rates have dramatically improved. In this case report, a young man with multiple soft tissue and bone metastases, including a rare large bone-forming retroperitoneal metastasis, is described. Despite the extensive extrapulmonary metastases, the patient did not develop pulmonary metastases in the 4 years following initial presentation of the primary tumour. Received: 16 December 1998 Revision requested: 14 January 1999 Revision received: 30 July 1999 Accepted: 1 August 1999     

Limitations of flow detection by color Doppler: in vitro comparison to conventional Doppler

There is little awareness of the limitations of flow detection with the commercially available color Doppler flow mapping system. The influence of flow velocity, ultrasound attenuation, and penetration depth on flow detection in color Doppler (Toshiba SSH 65A) were therefore studied in vitro and compared with conventional Doppler. The flow model had physiological flow volumes and laminar flow with parabolic velocity profile in a horizontal tube of Lucite with less than 3 degrees of coincidence. Conventional Doppler flow velocity measurements correlated highly with laser Doppler anemometry results (r = 0.99, SEE = 3 cm/sec). Signal strength of color Doppler and pulsed Doppler was semi-quantitatively graded using a scale from 0 to 5. Scale 1 (sparse signals) was useless for any assessment in color Doppler but just allowed velocity measurement in pulsed Doppler. Using 19-dB attenuation, flow velocities greater than 100 cm/sec had good scores with moderate gain, 60-100 cm/sec needed increasing gain, and velocities less than 40 cm/sec were not detectable with color Doppler but readily so with pulsed Doppler. With increasing attenuation (1-29 dB) and also with increasing penetration depth, flow detection was reduced significantly (P less than 0.001) more in color Doppler than in the pulsed technique (P less than 0.01). In conclusion, low flow velocities, high attenuation, and greater than 8 cm penetration depth may hamper flow detection in color Doppler and, thus, diagnostic accuracy. Conventional Doppler with its superior accuracy and sensitivity should therefore consolidate diagnostic ultrasound assessment.     

大黄微波萃取法与常用提取方法的比较研究

目的：评价微波萃取法(MAE)提取中药有效成分的特点，初步探索MAE的机理。方法：采用分光光度法测定大黄提取液中总蒽醌的含量，比较研究了MAE与常用提取方法(索氏提取法、超声提取法、水煎法)的提取效率；采用显微照相技术对大黄石蜡切片的细胞组织进行观察。结果：MAE的提取率最高，是超声提取法的3．5倍，是索氏提取法的15倍，是水煎法的1．5倍，且提取速度最快；显微观察表明，微波直接造成细胞组织的破坏。结论：MAE用于中药大黄的提取具有高效、省时的特点，为MAE在中药制药领域中的进一步推广应用提供科学依据。     

脑疝复位天幕切开与常规手术治疗重型脑外伤脑疝的临床对照研究

目的　比较脑疝复位天幕裂孔切开与常规去骨瓣手术治疗重型脑外伤引起脑挫裂伤脑水肿、颅内血肿出现脑疝晚期患者的手术效果。方法　共收治重型脑外伤脑疝晚期患者5 6例,分为2组:脑疝复位组31例;常规手术组2 5例。患者术前GCS计分均为3～5分、双瞳孔散大或有不同程度散大,所有患者都经头颅CT扫描确定脑损伤情况。结果　患者术后存活者随访1a ,脑疝复位组:恢复良好/中残1 0例、重残/长期昏迷7例、死亡1 4例(45 %) ;常规手术组:恢复良好/中残1例、重残/长期昏迷3例、死亡2 1例(84 %) (P <0 .0 5 )。脑疝复位组术后大脑后动脉梗死、应激性溃疡、脑积水发生率明显低于常规手术组(P均<0 .0 5 )。结论　脑疝复位天幕裂孔切开治疗重型脑外伤引起脑挫裂伤脑水肿、颅内血肿出现脑疝晚期患者疗效明显优于常规去骨瓣手术。     

常规法与细菌集菌法复试无菌检测中可疑阳性样品的结果比较

目的:建立鉴定样品灭菌彻底与否的方法,以杜绝药物医疗事故的发生.方法:将常规法检测中的可疑阳性样品(5个品种、20批次),用常规法和细菌集菌法进行复试.结果:常规法复试的阳性率为0;细菌集菌法复试的阳性率为65.0%,其中20%甘露醇注射液为87.5%,5%葡萄糖注射液为66.6%,10%葡萄糖注射液为50.0%.结论:细菌集菌法不受外环境污染,能高效、快速、准确地检验样品的灭菌情况,是药物制剂质量控制的好方法.     

清瘟解毒汤联合常规治疗对热毒壅滞型细菌性脓毒血症患者的临床疗效

目的考察清瘟解毒汤联合常规治疗对热毒壅滞型细菌性脓毒血症患者的临床疗效。方法94例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组47例,对照组给予常规治疗(抗感染、吸氧、早期体液复苏等),观察组在对照组基础上加用清瘟解毒汤,疗程2周。检测临床疗效、CKMB、Scr、ALT、TGF?β1、CHE、SOFA评分、WBC、PCT、CRP、NK细胞、PT、CD4+/CD8+、并发症发生率变化。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率更低(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组CKMB、Scr、ALT、TGF?β1、SOFA评分、WBC、PCT、TNF?α降低(P<0.05),PT缩短(P<0.05),CHE、NK细胞、CD4+/CD8+升高(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05)。结论清瘟解毒汤联合常规治疗可促进热毒壅滞型细菌性脓毒血症患者感染康复,减轻炎症反应,提高免疫力,保护脏器功能,降低并发症发生率。