Maturation of Pulmonary Metastases of Wilms' Tumor after Therapy: A Case Report

A case is reported of Wilms' tumor associated with multiple pulmonary metastases histologically showing maturation of the tumor cells at 9 years after the resection of the primary tumor and intensive therapy. A huge tumor of a 22-month-old patient's right kidney was resected. The tumor was diagnosed as Wilms' tumor of mesenchymal type (stage 1), which consisted of predominantly immature mesenchymal tissue including rhabdomyoblasts, smooth muscle and fibrous tissue, and few blastemal and epithelial components. Intensive preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy with actinomycin D and vincristine and postoperative irradiation therapy totaling 16 Gy were carried out. The patient was regularly followed up uneventfully until 9 years after the surgery. On routine chest x ray at the age of 10 years 11 months, multiple pulmonary nodules were found. The excised nodules from the bilateral lungs disclosed similar histology, exclusively composed of dense collagen bundles and fibrocytes intermingled with mature striated muscle bundles. No immature tumor components were detected. The possible effect of intensive therapy in this maturation was stressed, although spontaneous benign differentiation of tumor cells cannot be excluded.     

Primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum with distant metastasis to the stomach: Report of a case

Primary extranodal malignant lymphoma frequently occurs in the gastrointestinal tract; however, it is rarely encountered in the rectum. We report herein the case of an 85-year-old man who underwent abdominoperineal resection for primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum, and 1 year later, developed hematemesis caused by gastric metastasis. To our knowledge this is the first case report of such distant metastasis developing from malignant lymphoma of the rectum.     

Giant splenic metastasis due to lung adenocarcinoma

Lung cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in western countries and most of the patients present at advanced stages, but single splenic metastasis is exceptional instead. We report on a case of a seventy-three-year old male presenting with non-hemoptoic productive cough, constitutional syndrome and pain in the left lower quadrant. Physical examination and complementary radiological and hystologycal procedures revealed the presence of an adenocarcinoma of the left lung with probable splenic metastasis. The patient underwent splenectomy, which confirmed the diagnose of splenic metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and, secondly, lung resection was performed. Topics about lung cancer metastasis are discussed.     

小鼠肝癌细胞H22对淋巴内皮细胞flt-4、c-fos、PCNA表达的影响

目的：初步探讨有自发淋巴转移特性的肝癌细胞对淋巴内皮细胞增殖的影响。方法：弗氏不完全佐剂诱导Balb／c小鼠腹腔良性淋巴管瘤，分离瘤体消化法体外培养淋巴内皮细胞；H22细胞接种Balb／c小鼠腹腔，收集腹水制成H22条件培养液，观察其对淋巴内皮细胞生长和表达flt-4、c-fos、PCNA的影响。结果：小鼠淋巴管瘤来源的淋巴内皮细胞可成单层贴壁培养，在内皮细胞完全培养液和H22条件培养液作用下可增殖达到或接近铺满状态，并阳性表达flt-4、c-fos、PCNA，普通培养液不能支持细胞生长，flt-4等染色为阴性：结论：淋巴内皮细胞增殖可能是癌细胞淋巴路转移的必要条件。     

肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉继发肺低灌注的CT与DSA对照研究

目的　探讨肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉继发肺低灌注的CT特征及其诊断价值。方法　对2 0例手术及病理证实的肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉 (cancerousinvasionofcentralpulmonaryarteriesinlungcancer,CICPA)患者术前肺血管DSA及增强螺旋CT(含高分辨率CT ,即HRCT)征象行前瞻性对照研究。根据DSA和CT胸膜下末梢肺动脉分布和数量变化 ,即肺血管征、肺毛细血管充盈度和肺实质强化后密度及时间 密度曲线变化 (即肺实质征 ) ,行两者间的盲法对照 ,统计学分析CT与DSA征象及其一致性 ,评估CT对CICPA继发肺低灌注的诊断价值。结果　 2 0例手术病理证实的CICPA病例中 ,共3 0支肺叶动脉受累 ,DSA显示 90 % (2 7/3 0 )出现肺叶低灌注征象 ,CT诊断肺低灌注敏感度为 78%(2 1/2 7) ,特异度 10 0 % (3 /3 ) ,准确度 80 % (2 4/3 0 )。肺低灌注与CPA狭窄程度无明显相关性 (rs=0 40 ,P =0 0 73 )。CT与DSA的肺血管征一致性较好 (Kappa =0 69,P <0 0 0 1) ,而肺实质征一致性稍差 (Kappa =0 3 7,P =0 0 11)。结论　肺低灌注是肺癌侵犯中央肺动脉的常见表现 ,CT对其定性诊断具有重要价值 ,而定量判断有一定限度     

胃癌肝转移肝切除的预后分析

目的分析胃癌肝转移后实施肝切除患者的预后因素。方法对1996~2003年间实施肝切除的45例胃癌肝转移患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,分析临床病理学指标与患者生存期之间的关系。结果45例接受肝切除的患者有2例死于术后严重并发症。获得随访的39例患者的1,3,5年的总体生存率分别为54%,32%和21%。中位生存时间为29.5月,6例患者存活时间超过5年。胃周淋巴结转移、侵袭深度、辅助化疗、肝脏转移灶数目以及胃癌患者的组织学分级均与患者生存期之间存在不同程度的相关。但年龄、性别、肝脏转移灶的最大直径以及是否进行肝脏介入治疗与患者的生存期之间未见相关性。结论无腹腔淋巴结广泛转移的胃癌肝转移后实施肝切除术可以延长患者的生存期。     

人结肠鳞癌直肠鳞腺癌SCID鼠原位移植高转移模型的建立及其生物学特性的研究

目的 建立人结肠鳞癌直肠鳞腺癌SCID鼠原位移植高转移模型,为探讨理想的治疗结肠癌肝转移和预防结肠癌根治术后肝转移的方法提供实验工具。方法 采用组织学完整的结肠癌手术标本植入SCID鼠结直肠（粘膜层）壁内,观察原位移植的成瘤、移植瘤的侵袭和转移及其形态学特征（光镜、电镜、免疫组织化学）。结果 两株人结肠癌SCID鼠均获原位移植成功。人结肠鳞癌SCID鼠原位移植模型HCS-HMN-1已传至19代,人直肠鳞癌SCID鼠原位移植模型HRSA-HMN-2已传至23代,共移植SCID鼠223只,其移植生长率和自发转移率及液氮冻存复苏成活率均为100％,移植瘤在结直肠内呈广泛原位侵袭性生长、淋巴结转移、肝转移和全腹腔播散转移。并具有分泌CEA的功能。移植瘤细胞病理学和电镜观察、流式细胞仪DNA含量检测及染色体核型分析与瘤源人结直肠癌细胞完全一致。结论 本研究所建立的两株人结直肠癌SCID鼠高转移模型完整地模拟了人结直肠癌侵袭和转移的临床过程。为进一步研究结直肠癌肝转移、治疗和预防结直肠癌根治术后肝转移的方法提供了理想的实验动物模型。     

直肠癌肠系膜静脉血CK20 mRNA的检测及其临床意义

目的　检测直肠癌肠系膜静脉血细胞角蛋白 2 0 (CK2 0 )mRNA ,并探讨其临床意义。方法　以RT -PCR方法检测 4 2例直肠癌术中肠系膜静脉血CK2 0mRNA。结果　 4 2例中 2 2例CK2 0mRNA阳性 ,阳性率 5 2 .4 %。随着病理分期的进展 ,肠系膜静脉血CK2 0mRNA阳性率升高 :DukesC +D期CK2 0mRNA阳性率高于DukesA +B期(P <0 .0 1)。随访发现 ,肠系膜静脉血阳性者远处转移率增高 (18.2 % )。结论　肠系膜静脉血CK2 0mRNA的检测可提高直肠癌临床分期的准确性 ;CK2 0mRNA阳性者 ,远处转移的可能性大。     

肝癌术后监测血清AFP的临床意义(附70例报告)

为探讨肝癌术后监测血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)的临床意义，回顾性分析1996年2月至2002年3月间肝癌根治切除术后定期监测发现血清AFP阳性的70例患者AFP升高与肿瘤残留、复发或转移的关系。肝癌术后血清AFP升高可见于肝癌的残留或早期转移、肝癌的复发或转移、肝癌的再发以及晚期肝硬变4种情况。对肝癌患者术后定期作AFP检查，有助于检出AFP阳性肝癌患者的肿瘤残留及亚临床期复发转移，不仅适用于术前AFP阳性，而且适用于术前AFP阴性的肝癌患者。肝癌患者术后AFP下降，但不能降至正常，可能与晚期肝硬变肝脏内干细胞-卵圆形细胞代偿性增生有关。