胃肠道恶性肿瘤中细胞胀亡的检测及意义

目的研究胃癌、大肠癌中肿瘤细胞胀亡的存在及其意义。方法采用透射电镜技术检测胃癌、大肠癌中肿瘤细胞的胀亡情况。结果(1)在胃癌、大肠癌中分别检测到了不同时期的胀亡细胞,其胀亡指数分别为(2.6±0.9)和(2.3±0.8);(2)胀亡指数在胃癌、大肠癌中与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05),而与肿瘤的大小、部位、大体分型、组织学分型、分化程度、浸润深度及患者的年龄、性别无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论胃肠道恶性肿瘤中存在胀亡细胞,且其有望成为判断患者预后的一项新指标。     

P27kipl 在胃癌与癌旁粘膜中的表达及意义

目的：探讨P27kipl在胃癌及癌旁粘膜中的表达情况及其意义。方法：应用免疫组化技术（S－P法）检测了P27kipl在75例胃癌及癌旁粘膜中的表达，结果：P27kipl在胃癌中的阳性表达率为45．3％，在癌旁粘膜中随着不典型增生级数增高其表达强度明显减弱。P27kipl的表达与胃癌的浸润深度（P＜0．05），淋巴结转移（P＜0．05）、分化程度（P＜0．05）及临床病理分期（P＜0．05）显相关，而与肿瘤大小、部位无关。结论P27kipl有癌中的低表达反映了其恶性进展，是一个有价值的预后因子。     

Ca~(2+)在大鼠应激性胃粘膜损伤中作用的研究

目的 :探讨大鼠胃粘膜与急性胃粘膜损伤之间的关系。方法 :采用原子吸收光谱分析法 ,测定胃粘膜Ca2 +含量。结果 :胃粘膜损伤程度随应激时间延长而加重 ,胃粘膜Ca2 + 含量却下降 ,二者呈明显负相关 ,但是 ,CaCl2 预应激或应用钙通道阻断剂 ,可减轻胃粘膜损伤程度。结论 :Ca2 + 在急性胃粘膜损伤中有一定的作用。     

妇产科手术后粘连性肠梗阻的治疗

目的:探讨妇产科手术后粘连性肠梗阻的治疗 .方法:分析30例妇产科手术后粘连性肠梗阻的临床特点和治疗.结果:保守治疗成功16例(53.3%),保守无效而中转手术14例(46.7%),9例行肠切除术.结论:妇产科手术后粘连性肠梗阻易发生肠绞窄,临床表现不典型,应采取积极的手术疗法.     

CT对肝外胆管梗阻性质的鉴别诊断

目的：探讨良恶性肝外胆管梗阻病变的CT表现及其诊断意义。方法：回顾经手术病理证实的肝外胆管梗阻病变76例(良性34例，恶性42例)。结果：肝内胆管呈枯枝状轻中度扩张，肝内外胆管不一致扩张(内轻外重)，肝外胆管远段梗阻，梗阻部胆管呈削尖状狭窄，肝外胆管壁呈弥漫环形增厚，对良性梗阻的诊断有重要意义。肝内胆管呈软藤状重度扩张，肝外胆管中段梗阻，梗阻部胆管呈伴或不伴肿块的截断型或突然狭窄型，肝外胆管壁局限不规则增厚，高度揭示恶性梗阻。结论：良恶性肝外胆管梗阻病变均有特征性CT表现，通过分析胆管形态和临床资料基本能判断梗阻的性质。     

人端粒酶RNA的cDNA探针制备及其对胃粘膜细胞端粒酶RNA表达的检测

目的 建立人端粒酶RNA表达的检测方法。方法 制备人端粒酶RNA，(human telomeraseRNA，hTR)的cDNA探针，分别应用RNA斑点杂交与端粒重复序列扩增法(TRAP)分析检测不同胃粘膜的端粒酶RNA的表达与端粒酶活性。结果 人端粒酶RNA的cDNA探针制备成功。18例活检胃癌组织及45例手术胃癌组织RNA斑点杂交检测的阳性率均为l00％，相应TRAP分析的阳性率分别为88．89％、86．67％，低于RNA斑点杂交(P＜0．05)。同时RNA斑点杂交结果提示在非癌胃组织中随着肠化程度增高人端粒酶RNA表达也增强。结论 RNA斑点杂交检测人端粒酶RNA，具有高度的敏感性和特异性，弥补了TRAP分析敏感性不足的缺点。     

31例卵巢恶性畸胎瘤临床分析

本文报道了我院收治的卵巢恶性畸胎瘤３１例，随访中２例失访，随访率为９３．５３％。并讨论了卵巢恶性畸瘤的治疗方式为手术加联合化疗，对年轻的Ｉ期患者可行患侧单侧附件切除术，术后化疗极为重要。化疗方法采用ＶＡＣ或ＰＶＢ方案联合化疗，本文还 影响预后的重要因素为临床分期期和病理学特点．     

Intimate Saboteurs

Background: The bariatric patient exists in dynamic relationship with family members and friends who have considerable influence upon the patient and his or her surgical outcome. When family members and friends behave as intimate saboteurs, they attempt to hamper, hurt, or subvert the bariatric patient's goal of achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight. Successful or not, intimate saboteurs provide significant treatment challenges for the patient and the treatment team. Methods and Patients: Patient profiles provide examples of intimate sabotage. The psychological construct of Family Systems Theory is used as a plausible explanation for the sabotage of friends and family. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary professionals treating the bariatric patient must be aware of the critical influence of intimate saboteurs and the tactics they use to sabotage. Treatment guidelines recommended by Family Systems Theory are presented as strategies to mitigate the influence of intimate saboteurs.     

A Decade of Change in Obesity Surgery

Background: The International (formerly National) Bariatric Surgery Registry began collecting data in January 1986. The aim of this study was to examine changes in the practice of surgical treatment of severe obesity that occurred during the decade of 1986 through 1995, as observed in the IBSR data. Methods: All data submitted to the IBSR during the decade were transferred to the IBM mainframe computer for analysis. Characteristics of operative type populations were compared over time using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for age, body mass index (BMI), operative weight and Chi-square (χ²) test for gender. Results: There has been a steady increase over the decade in mean patient weight. The operations used have changed from predominantly ‘simple’ operations to more frequent use of ‘complex’ operations. Within the categories of ‘simple’ and ‘complex’, an increase in the variety of operations occurred. As a group, patients with ‘simple’ operations have been heavier, more often male and public pay patients than those who have undergone ‘complex’ operations. One year weight loss was greater for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB) than vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), but follow-up rates were too low to study the relative merits of the operations used. The reported incidence of operative mortality and serious complications (leak with peritonitis, abscess and pulmonary embolism) remained low. Conclusions: These observations and their implications can be summarized in three statements which relate to action for improved patient care in the beginning of the new century: (1) increasing weight of candidates for surgical treatment during this decade indicates the need for earlier use of operative treatment before irreversible complications of obesity can develop; (2) low risk of obesity surgery, decreasing postoperative hospital stay, and early weight control support the continued and increased use of surgical treatment; (3) continued widespread use of both ‘simple’ and ‘complex’ operations with increased modifications of standard RGB and VBG procedures emphasizes the need for standardized long-term data and analyses regarding both weight control and postoperative side-effects.