超声在早孕终止妊娠前的临床应用价值

目的:探讨超声在早孕终止妊娠前的临床应用价值.材料和方法:对230例临床诊断为早孕者行常规子宫、双附件超声检查,并与临床及人工流产后的病理诊断进行对比分析.结果:宫内妊娠213例,其中纵隔子宫并一侧宫内妊娠5例,双子宫并一侧宫内妊娠2例,残角子宫妊娠2例,超声诊断符合率100%.宫外孕与非妊娠超声诊断符合率分别为12/13与4/4.结论:超声检查对指导临床采用正确的方式终止妊娠,及时发现非正常妊娠,具有重要的价值,应作为早孕终止妊娠前的常规检查.     

Novel IgE peptide-based vaccine prevents the increase of IgE and down-regulates elevated IgE in rodents

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy with anti-IgE antibodies for treatment of allergy is promising but a short half-life and extremely high cost limit its application. OBJECTIVE: We sought to develop IgE vaccines that induce longer-lasting auto-antibodies to neutralize self-IgE as an alternative therapy. METHODS: The vaccine was made by conjugating three synthetic peptides corresponding to human IgE receptor-binding sites to a carrier, hepatitis B surface antigen. To test the immunogenicity of the vaccine, rats were immunized with the vaccine or hepatitis B surface antigen as control. Serum IgG titres to human IgE and the IgE of other species were measured. The inhibition by rat antisera of the binding of human IgE to its receptor was assessed by ELISA, flow cytometry analysis, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and its ability to recognize receptor-bound IgE was examined. The in vivo effect of the vaccine was evaluated in trichosanthin-sensitized mice and rats. In the preventative study, vaccination started before sensitization commenced, while in the treatment study, vaccination started after sensitization. Sensitized mice and rats receiving injections of the carrier served as controls. Trichosanthin-specific IgE was measured using PCA. RESULTS: Sera from vaccine-immunized rats contained high titre antibodies that reacted with soluble and plate-bound but not with receptor-bound human IgE; they also reacted with mouse, rat, and dog IgE. Furthermore, the sera inhibited the binding of human IgE to its receptor in a dose-dependent manner. In preventative and treatment studies, serum trichosanthin-specific IgE levels were significantly reduced in vaccinated groups compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Antibodies against self-IgE can be induced by IgE peptide-based vaccines, which are effective in preventing the increase of IgE and in down-regulating IgE in sensitized animals.     

人工髓核置换治疗腰椎间盘突出症初步报告

目的探讨人工髓核置换治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床应用的初步效果. 方法自2002年5月～2003年8月行单个人工髓核假体(PDN)置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症26例. 结果所有病例均获随访,平均时间10.5(3～18)个月.临床疗效评价:优18例,良4例,尚可2例.1例发生椎间隙感染,保守治疗后好转;1例术后2月出现假体移位、症状复发,行再次手术更换假体后治愈. 结论人工髓核假体置换治疗腰椎间盘突出症能恢复椎间隙高度,操作简单,创伤小,恢复快,近期疗效满意,远期疗效仍需进一步观察.     

Neural classifier construction using regularization, pruning and test error estimation

In this paper we propose a method for construction of feed-forward neural classifiers based on regularization and adaptive architectures. Using a penalized maximum likelihood scheme, we derive a modified form of the entropic error measure and an algebraic estimate of the test error. In conjunction with optimal brain damage pruning, a test error estimate is used to select the network architecture. The scheme is evaluated on four classification problems.     

High Cell-Density Culture System of Hepatocytes Entrapped in a Three-Dimensional Hollow Fiber Module with Collagen Gel

Abstract: A compact three-dimensional (3D) module is needed for hepatocyte culture in order to develop an effective hybrid artificial liver system that can retain hepa-tocellular structure and differentiated functions. We treated the 3D module with collagen gel to entrap rat hepatocytes. This method yielded a high hepatocellular density (2 times 10⁷ cells/ml) over a period of 14 days and maintained the secretion of albumin and ureogenesis at the same level as the control monolayer method. The ammonia removal remained at 43% of the Day 0 value over 8 days of perfusion. Our data show that this approach may be useful for liver support therapy in an ex-tracorporeal circuit.     

The correlation of ureaplasma urealyticum infection with infertility

Summary. A prevalence study of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection of the male genital tract was carried out in Shanghai between March 1992 and June 1995. Significantly higher frequency of UU infection was found among infertile males (549/1416) as compared to fertile controls (34/375). Examination of 8 specimens each from infertile men and fertile subjects by electron microscopy, immunogold and immunofluorescence techniques, demonstrated adhesion of Ureaplasma urealyticum to the membrane of spermatozoa and exfoliated germ cells. In addition, gold particles on Ureaplasma urealyticum were found to be adhered to the sperm surface in 4 of the 8 samples. Strong specific anti-UU fluorescence was detected in 6 of 8 samples, mainly on the midpieces and post-acrosomal regions of the spermatozoa.
To further study the effects of Ureaplasma urealyticum on fertility, 47 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were infected artificially with Ureaplasma urealyticum serotype 8 (T960). Morphological changes in the seminiferous tubules were observed 3–5 weeks after inoculation in the sacrificed animals. Dramatic impairment of spermatogenesis of both testes was found in 11 rats. Mating experiment confirmed infertility in 12 of 40 rats. Offsprings of the infected rats were significantly smaller than those of controls in terms of prenatal weights and birthweights.     

蝎毒多肽对大鼠纤溶系统的作用

从蝎毒中获取具有多种药理活性的肽类混合物（简称ＳＶＰ），用下肢血管灌流和整体给药的动物模型，观察对血管灌流液内纤溶酶原激活物（ＰＡ）活性、血浆优球蛋白纤溶活性（ＥＦＡ）、纤溶酶（ＰＬ）活性的影响。结果：１～２０μｇ／ｍｌ灌流３ｍｉｎ和０．８，１．６ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｐＳＶＰ１ｈ血浆中ＰＡ活性与对照组相比明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），这可能与血管内皮细胞释放ＰＡ活性增加有关。     

Enhanced Intestinal Absorption of Oxytocin Peptide Analogues in the Absence of Pancreatic Juice in Pigs

Purpose. The present investigation was done to study the intestinal absorption of three oxytocin peptide analogues and to elucidate the role of pancreatic juice on their absorption. Methods. In conscious chronically catheterized pigs (6–8 weeks of age) plasma concentration of the peptides, [Mpa¹, D-Tyr(Ethyl)², Thr⁴, Orn⁸]-oxytocin (F314), [Mpa¹, D-Tyr(Ethyl)², Val⁴, D-Arg⁸]-oxytocin (CAT), and [Mpa¹, D-Tyr(Ethyl)², Thr⁴, Orn⁸, desGly⁹, carba⁶]-oxytocin (F327) after intraduodenal administration, during presence or diversion of the pancreatic juice via a pancreatic duct catheter, were determined by radioimmunoassay. The stability of the peptides to degradation was determined in vitro by incubation with activated pancreatic juice, chymotrypsin or trypsin, followed by reversed phase HPLC analyses. Results. All peptides were absorbed with a bioavailability of about 0.5% in the presence of pancreatic juice, but increased to 1.0%, 2.1%, and 13.5% for F314, CAT, and F327, respectively, when the pancreatic juice was diverted from the intestine. After incubation with pancreatic juice 95% of F314, 98% of F327, and 100% of CAT was found intact. When incubated with trypsin CAT remained intact while F314 and F327 were degraded by 54% and 46%, respectively. Incubation with purified chymotrypsin did not degrade the test peptides. Conclusions. The results indicate that the increased absorption of peptides observed under conditions of diverted pancreatic juice cannot only be explained by the absence of pancreatic enzymes, but also by changed absorptive properties in the gastrointestinal tract.     

人工全膝关节置换术疗效探讨

探讨提高人工全膝关节置换术疗效的因素。总结人工全膝关节置换 1 5例 1 7膝 ,其中 OA6膝 ,RA3膝 ,创伤性关节炎 1膝 ,选用髁式表面假体 ;骨肿瘤 5膝 ,术后失败翻修 2膝 ,选用绞链式假体。结果 :短期随访显示功能良好 ,疼痛消失 ,全部重返生活和工作 ;KSS评分绞链膝 84～ 92分 ,平均 88分 ;表面膝 85～ 94分 ,平均 89分。结论 :只要选择合适的病例 ,设计合理的假体 ,人工全膝关节置换效果非常肯定