胆闭通络方对幼鼠阻塞性黄疸FPA及D-二聚体的影响

目的探讨胆闭通络方对幼鼠阻塞性黄疸FPA及D-二聚体(D-D)影响。方法将SD大鼠幼鼠分为3组,第1组为正常对照组,予生理盐水灌胃,第2组为模型组,采用2%α-萘异硫氰酸酯(ANIT)及生理盐水灌胃,第3组为治疗组,在造模同时予胆闭通络方灌胃,每日1次,连续7d。以分光光度仪检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酶氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、血清总胆红素(TB)含量;双抗体夹心法测定大鼠血清血纤肽/纤维蛋白肽A(FPA)及D-D水平。结果与模型组比较,治疗组血清TB、ALT、AST、AKP、r-GT降低(P0.05);与对照组比较,模型组及治疗组血清FPA及D-D显著增高(P0.05);与模型组比较,治疗组血清FPA及D-D降低(P0.05)。结论胆闭通络方能抑制FPA及D-D产生,减少肝内微血栓的形成,缓解肝脏瘀血。     

益心解毒方对Nox2和Nox4亚基过表达的心肌细胞NADPH氧化酶活性的影响

目的通过观察益心解毒方含药血清对Nox2、Nox4亚基过表达的H9c2心肌细胞NADPH氧化酶活性的影响,揭示其作用环节是否与干预相应亚型的NADPH氧化酶调控环节有关。方法采用PCR方法扩增Nox2、Nox4基因全长序列,经双酶切、连接载体和转化后提取重组质粒,经酶切鉴定的阳性质粒进行DNA测序,测序正确后按照lipofectamine 2000试剂的说明书瞬时转染H9c2细胞,转染后的心肌细胞分组给予不同的药物干预,24 h后检测NADPH氧化酶活性。结果 1含有Nox2/Nox4亚基的重组质粒载体通过测序鉴定,结果与Gen Bank报道的完全一致。2通过荧光显微镜下观察转染72 h后的H9c2细胞,可见大量发绿色荧光的细胞,流式细胞术计数结果显示转染率均在60%左右,符合实验要求。3空质粒载体组、模型组、益心解毒方组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达明显高于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05);模型组和益心解毒方组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达高于空载体组(P<0.01);模型组NADPH氧化酶活性表达均明显高于其他各组,而益心解毒方各组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达均明显低于模型组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论成功构建大鼠心肌细胞Nox2、Nox4亚基的重组质粒载体,该重组质粒载体可以在心肌细胞中过表达,益心解毒方可以有效地降低NADPH氧化酶活性的表达。提示此复方治疗心衰的机制可能是抑制了Nox2和Nox4型NADPH氧化酶的表达。     

Nutrition for the micro preemie: Beyond milk

Nutritional support is a fundamental component of the care of the extremely preterm infant, including the “micro preemie” (here defined as a baby born weighing less than 500 g), but goes beyond considerations of milk as a food. This is because milk from an infant's own mother, unlike currently available substitutes, additionally provides invaluable non-nutritive benefits.Nutritional support requires suitable devices or techniques to administer nutrients enterally or intravenously, products shown to be safe in preterm populations, and efficacy demonstrated in respect of important functional outcomes. Sadly, preterm feeding remains characterised by a deficit of evidence. In this chapter, we will briefly describe the history of preterm nutrition, discuss current enteral and parenteral practice, important evidence gaps, a summary of approaches for evaluating nutritional practice, and key considerations for future endeavour. Our discussion refers to all extremely preterm infants and it not confined to the micro preemie.     

Accuracy of the London Atlas,Haavikko’s Method and Cameriere’s European Formula of dental age estimation in Turkish children

Age estimation is a mandatory procedure when the chronological age is unknown or uncertain. Dental development is the preferred characteristic for estimating a child's age. There are many methods for dental age estimation, but their reliability can differ between populations. This study compared the accuracy of three of these methods—the London Atlas (LA), Haavikko's method (HM), and Cameriere's European formula (CF)—in Turkish children living in northwestern Turkey. Panoramic radiographs of 980 children from northwestern Turkey aged between 6.00 and 14.99 years were examined for the whole study group and separately for different ages and sexes by all three methods. Statistical differences between chronological age and dental age were tested using the paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The LA, HM, and CF accuracies were determined based on the mean absolute error. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that the correlation between chronological age and dental age for both sexes was linear for all methods. The LA overestimated the chronological age by 0.09 years, while HM and CF underestimated it by 0.49 and 0.11 years, respectively. The difference between dental age and chronological age was significant in all samples, for all methods, except for the LA in boys. When boys, girls, and the total sample were evaluated, values with the lowest mean absolute error were obtained by HM and were statistically significant in all three groups. Therefore, HM is more accurate than the LA and CF for dental age estimation in Turkish children living in northwestern Turkey.     

丹蛭降糖胶囊联合针灸治疗早期糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的:观察丹蛭降糖胶囊联合针灸治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效。方法选取了2018年1月-2019午6月安徽省中医院内分泌科40例确诊的早期糖尿病肾病患者,将他们随机分为研究组和对照组,各20例。对照组采用单一的丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上联合针灸治疗。治疗周期为8周,而后比较两组的治疗效果。结果:经过对比两组患者的疗效指标发现,治疗组的总有效率和中医证候疗效治疗效果和总有效率均优于对照组(P<0.01):与对照组比较,治疗组血糖指标FPG、2hPG及HbA1c下降(P<0.01);尿蛋白指标也有一定的下降。结论:针灸能够提升丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效。     

左归降糖益肾方含药血浆对高糖培养小鼠足细胞凋亡及Caspase-12表达的影响

目的 探讨在高糖作用下,体外培养的小鼠足细胞凋亡及内质网应激凋亡因子Caspase-12 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化及左归降糖益肾方含药血浆的调控作用.方法 将体外培养的小鼠足细胞随机分为空白组(A组,25 mmol/L葡萄糖,10％空白血浆)、高糖组(B组,200 mmol/L葡萄糖,10％空白血浆)、左归降糖益肾方含药血浆组(C组,200 mmol/L葡萄糖,10％含药血浆),4-苯基丁酸含药血浆组(D组,200 mmol/L葡萄糖,10％含药血浆).培养48 h后,采用免疫荧光细胞化学法、流式细胞术检测足细胞凋亡情况;Western blot法、RT-PCR法分别检测Caspase-12蛋白或mRNA表达水平的变化.结果 与A组比较:在高糖状态下B组足细胞凋亡率、Caspase-12 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平均升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与B组比较:C组、D组足细胞凋亡率,Caspase-12 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与C组比较:D组足细胞凋亡率降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但Caspase-12 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 Caspase-12表达上调,是足细胞凋亡的分子机制之一;10％左归降糖益肾方含药血浆可能通过降低Caspase-12的表达水平,从而保护足细胞.     

基于网络药理学研究丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的分子机制

目的 采用网络药理学方法研究丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的潜在分子机制。方法 借助中药系统药理学平台和Swiss Target Prediction数据库检索丹蛭降糖胶囊的化学成分、对应作用靶标及靶标基因。通过GeneCards获取糖尿病相关靶点,将复方活性成分靶点和糖尿病靶点构建韦恩图,以寻找交集靶点,获得丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的预测靶标。利用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件构建药材-化合物-靶点（基因）网络,筛选关键化合物。利用STRING网站建立交集靶点蛋白相互作用网络,选出关键靶点基因。借助R软件对共同靶点进行GO分析和KEGG通路富集分析。结果 丹蛭降糖胶囊作用于糖尿病的活性成分有25个,相关靶基因76个。GO和KEGG分析结果显示,丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的机制共涉及1 702条生物学过程和149条信号通路。结论 丹蛭降糖胶囊治疗糖尿病的关键成分槲皮素、木犀草素、山奈酚等可能通过对AGE-RAGE、IL-17、TNF、HIF-1等信号通路的调控,最终达到治疗糖尿病的效果。其作用机制可能与抗炎,降低氧化应激水平,参与细胞的凋亡与损伤有关。     

加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗治疗恶性腹腔积液的疗效观察

[摘要]目的：探讨加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗治疗恶性腹腔积液的临床疗效和安全性。方法：该研究回顾性分析我院48例恶性腹腔积液患者的临床资料,在常规支持治疗基础上予加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗者为观察组（N=24）,仅予常规支持治疗者为对照组（N=24）,选取治疗满3周者,比较两组患者腹水的控制情况、临床症状及KPS评分的改善情况、利尿剂的使用及不良反应情况。结果：治疗前后两组患者的腹水指数差值、临床症状积分差值及利尿剂的使用情况差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,KPS评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组发生轻度腹泻2例,局部皮肤发红3例,予对症治疗后好转。结论：加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗可有效延缓晚期恶性肿瘤患者腹水的增加,改善其临床症状,并减少利尿剂的使用,可用于临床推广。     

痹证1号联合醋氯芬酸钠治疗湿热阻络型急性痛风性关节炎临床研究

目的:评价痹证1号联合醋氯芬酸钠治疗湿热阻络型急性痛风性关节炎的临床疗效。方法:将符合入选标准的160例湿热阻络型急性痛风性关节炎患者采用SAS软件产生的随机数字分为观察组及对照组,每组80例,两组均给予调整生活方式、饮食结构,观察组给予醋氯芬酸钠+痹证1号,对照组给醋氯芬酸钠治疗,均治疗2周。观察两组治疗前后关节肿胀程度、关节压痛评分及血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、尿酸(UA)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)变化;采用中医临床标准、尿酸标准评价临床疗效。结果:观察组关节肿胀程度评分治疗后明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组关节压痛评分治疗后低于对照组,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组治疗后血清IL-1β、TNF-α、UA、ESR均低于对照组(P<0.05);中医临床疗效总有效率观察组93.2%,对照组87.5%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.044);UA疗效观察组总有效率92.5%,对照组79.7%,总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.026)。结论:痹证1号联合醋氯芬酸钠能够有效缓解急性痛风性关节炎关节肿胀、关节压痛的临床症状,未发生不良反应,其机制可能与降低血清IL-1β、TNF-α、UA、ESR水平及减少炎性刺激有关。