丙烯腈对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的研究

［目的］ 探讨丙烯腈对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ的损伤作用。［方法］ 在急性和亚急性经口染毒试验中,采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测不同染毒剂量（１０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ、３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 和５０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）丙烯腈（ＡＣＮ）及不同染毒时段（２ｈ、１４ｄ、２８ｄ、和４２ｄ）对大鼠淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤情况。［结果］ 在急性和亚急性染毒试验中,大鼠淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ损伤程度均随ＡＣＮ 染毒剂量增大或染毒时间延长而逐渐加重,并显著高于对照组或染毒１４ｄ 组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,且存在较好的剂量－反应和时间－反应关系（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。亚急性染毒试验中,随着染毒剂量的升高和染毒时间的延长,淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤程度可达到饱和。染毒组细胞ＤＮＡ 损伤反应模式明显不同于对照组,单个细胞间的差异较大,且这种差异随染毒剂量增大和染毒时间延长也逐渐增大。［结论］ ＡＣＮ对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ具有明显的损伤作用,且损伤程度和模式受ＡＣＮ 染毒剂量和染毒时间的共同影响。     

血清尿酸的毛细管电泳测定

目的用毛细管电泳中的胶束动电法直接测定血清尿酸浓度。方法以ＳＤＳ作为电泳缓冲液中和胶束相,采用非涂渍毛细管２１ｃｍ×５０μｍ（ｉ．ｄ．）,检测波长２３５ｎｍ,以外标法定量。结果尿酸测定的线性范围为４６．５～１５００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,最低检测限为２０．３１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ：本法的日内和日间变异系数均小于４．５％;平均回收率为１０１．４５％。内生性化合物和临床某些常用药物对此方法无干扰。结论该法线性范围宽,简单、快速,可应用于临床样品检测。     

中药复方962对老年大鼠外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的：观察不同年龄组（4月和24月龄）大鼠和连续灌胃给予中药复方962 3个月的老年大鼠的外周血淋巴细胞DNA的损伤情况。方法：利用快速、灵敏的单细胞电泳技术结合激光扫描共聚焦显微镜来观察大鼠外周血淋巴细胞的DNA损伤,以彗星样细胞出现率（计数一定量细胞中彗星样细胞所占的比例）、占彗星长度（“彗星”电泳方向上的最大长度）和尾距（尾部DNA占总DNA的百分比与头尾部中心间距的乘积）来评价淋巴细胞DNA的损伤程度。结果：发现老年大鼠外周血淋巴细胞中彗尾样细胞出现率显著高于青年大鼠（P＜0．01）,复方962不仅能明显降低老年大鼠的淋巴细胞的彗尾样细胞出现率,而且能明显降低老年大鼠外周血彗星样细胞的总彗星长度和尾蹑（P＜0．01）。结论：实验表明复方962对老年大鼠淋巴细胞DNA的损伤有明显的保护作用。     

聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析615纯系小鼠血清蛋白

目的：根据各种蛋白质在一定的泳动条件下,都有一定的相对迁移率不同的特点,分析６１５ 纯系小鼠血清中的蛋白质在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上的分布,进行了定位分析。方法：采用高ｐＨ 不连续性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及蛋白质特殊染色法。结果：６１５ 鼠血清蛋白质在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上可分离出１３ ～１５ 条区带,脂蛋白３ 条、白蛋白２ 条、糖蛋白５ 条、铜蓝蛋白１ 条、血红蛋白１ 条、结合珠蛋白３ 条。根据每种蛋白质的Ｒｍ 值定位顺序从阳极到阴极依次为１ ．糖蛋白、２．脂蛋白、３ ．白蛋白、４．脂蛋白、５ ．糖蛋白、６ ．巨球蛋白（ 根据其它资料） 、７ ．铜蓝蛋白、８ ．结合珠蛋白、９ ．Ｈｂ、１０ ．运铁蛋白（ 根据其它资料）、１１ ．脂蛋白、１２ ～１４ ．均为糖蛋白。光密度扫描６１５ 鼠血清蛋白质相对面积比分别为白蛋白为４８－４、α１ 球蛋白为６－９、α２ 球蛋白２３－８ 、β球蛋白为５－０ 、γ球蛋白为１３－８ 。结论：６１５ 鼠血清蛋白质的定位分析对于６１５ 鼠可移植性淋巴细胞型白血病鼠的蛋白质研究具有一定的实际意义,利用Ｒｍ 值来作蛋白质定位分析简单易行,关键在于掌握实验条件的恒定。     

大肠杆菌HX88108膜孔蛋白初步研究

为了解大肠杆菌ＨＸ８８１０８耐药机理中有无膜孔蛋白缺失参与,用十二烷基磺酸钠－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）检测了大肠杆菌ＨＸ８８１０８的膜孔蛋白,并与膜孔蛋白标准株进行比较分析。结果发现：大肠杆菌ＨＸ８８１０８具有膜孔蛋白ＯｍｐＦ、ＯｍｐＣ,其耐药与膜孔蛋白缺失所致的抗生素进入减少无关     

精神分裂症脑脊液中相对分子质量130 ku蛋白质含量增加的免疫学及临床意义

目的 研究精神分裂症脑脊液中存在的特异性ＩｇＧ抗体。方法 应用ＳＯＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及蛋白印迹技术对精神分裂症脑脊液与对照脑脑液同时进行检查。结果 精神分裂症脑脊液中相对分子质量１３０ｋｕ的蛋白质含量显著增加,在蛋白印迹分析中发现此蛋白质可与羊抗人ＩｇＧ抗体发生免疫结合反应,结论 提示该蛋白质组分可能是一种与ＩｇＧ相关的蛋白质。     

水中有机提取物对V79细胞DNA损伤的研究

为研究饮水中有机提取物对人群健康的影响,采用单细胞弟胶电泳试验,对Ａ市三个自来水厂枯水期的水源水和出厂水中的有机提取物引起的Ｖ７９细胞ＤＮＡ损伤效应进行了研究。     

Comparison of the protein and DNA approaches for the characterization of a β-globin chain variant,hemoglobin Cocody [β21 (B3) Asp- → Asn], in a Caucasian patient

Summary Over the past few years, the methodologies used for the identification of hemoglobin A variants have been greatly improved. Both the protein- and DNA-based strategies have their own advantages and limitations. In this report we illustrate the use of both assays for the characterization of a hemoglobin Cocody variant in a woman of Spanish descent. After evaluating the mobility value matrix of the abnormal hemoglobin, the amino acid transition was determined by HPLC and microsequencing of the protein. The ₂₁ Asp was shown to be substituted by an Asn. At the DNA level, the only nucleotide replacement responsible for this amino acid substitution is GAT- AAT at codon 21. The analysis of the-globin gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method showed that the mutation was situated in a fragment including exon 1. The hemoglobin variant was then identified to be hemoglobin Cocody by DNA sequencing of this fragment.     

Provisional "normograms" for identifying adenocarcinomas of the prostate or colon and hepatocellular carcinoma derived from their distribution of proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis

The distribution of proteins in samples from 8 prostate and 4 colon adenocarcinomas and 1 hepatoma was analyzed by 2-dimensional protein electrophoresis. Composite "normograms" based upon their distribution of proteins were developed from these patterns. Particular attention was paid to acidic proteins between pI 3.5 and 5.9. Of 161 proteins enumerated, 23 of the first 135 were present in prostate cancers, compared with 68 in colon cancer and 85 in the hepatoma. The 26 proteins denoted from nos. 135 to 161 were prostate associated, and none was evident in the colon or hepatoma samples. Twenty-seven prostate, 20 colon, and 48 liver cancer proteins were "unique" to each of the 3 cancers, respectively. The patterns of protein associated with each type of cancer were so dissimilar that with this technique no difficulty should be experienced in distinguishing these carcinomas originating from 3 different types of "stem" cells without obligatory recourse to microscopy.     

The Structure of Celiprolol

The crystal structure and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and assignments of celiprolol, N-[3-acetyl-4[3-[N-t-butylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy]phenyl]-N, N-diethylurea, are reported. Celiprolol crystallizes in the monoclinic space group, P2_l/a, with a = 9.081(2), b = 13.800(4), and c = 17.471(5) Å and = 95.04(2)°. Structure was solved by direct methods; structure refinement to R of 0.058. Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding in the crystal is discussed. The ¹H, ¹³C, and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra of the hydrochloride have been obtained and definitive signal assignments made.