The correlation of left atrial volume index to the level of N-terminal pro-BNP in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction

Background: Patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) have high N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐pro‐BNP) level and a high ratio of early transmitral inflow to diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus (E/E′) derived from tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Because left atrial volume indexed to body surface area (LAVI) is believed to reflect chronic diastolic dysfunction, we assessed the ability of LAVI and E/E′ ratio to predict NT‐pro‐BNP level in patients with HFPEF. Methods: One hundred forty‐eight patients with HFPEF (ejection fraction ≥ 50%, NT‐pro‐BNP ≥ 100 pg/ml) underwent conventional echocardiography including LAVI and E/E′ ratio, which were compared with NT‐pro‐BNP level. Results: In the overall patient population, modest correlations were found between NT‐pro‐BNP level and peak systolic TDI (S′) (P = 0.009), LAVI (P = 0.009), and E/E′ ratio (P = 0.017). However, in patients with E/E′ ratio ≥13, LAVI was the most important predictor of NT‐pro‐BNP level (P < 0.001), whereas in those with E/E′ ratio <13 it was S′ (P < 0.001) in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: In patients with HFPEF evidenced by high NT‐pro‐BNP level, LAVI correlates with NT‐pro‐BNP level in the setting of elevated E/E′ ratio. However, in the setting of low E/E′ ratio, LAVI does not seem to be associated with NT‐pro‐BNP level.     

多种临床指标联合应用在射血分数降低型和保留型急性心力衰竭鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨就诊时年龄、血压、心率、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)等指标的联合应用在鉴别诊断射血分数(EF)降低型急性心力衰竭(AHFREF)和EF保留型急性心力衰竭(AHFPEF)中的价值。方法回顾性分析急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者就诊时年龄、性别、血压、心率、NT-pro BNP、微机血糖及1 d内心脏超声等指标。将AHF患者分为AHFREF组(EF<0.5)和AHFPEF组(EF≥0.5)。用二分类Logistic回归分析建立回归方程。根据接受者工作特征(ROC)曲线选择最适诊断截点。结果入选患者130例,年龄[M(P25,P75)]74.0(64.0,80.0)岁,男79例(60.8%),女51例(39.2%)。AHFREF组50例(38.5%),AHFPEF组80例(61.5%)。X1(NT-pro BNP)、X2(收缩压)、X3(舒张压)、X4(年龄)、X5(心率)进入回归方程P=1/[1+e-(-1.432+0.524X1-0.023X2+0.038X3-0.029X4+0.012X5)],最适诊断截点0.345,准确度为76.9%,灵敏度为84.0%,特异度为72.5%。结论联合应用就诊时年龄、血压、心率、NT-pro BNP对鉴别诊断AHFREF和AHFPEF有重要的参考价值。     

β-拉帕醌对胃癌细胞生长与侵袭的抑制作用及机制

目的：探讨β-拉帕醌体外抑制胃癌细胞增殖和迁移及诱导凋亡的作用及机制。方法应用噻唑蓝（ MTT）及平板克隆实验检测β-拉帕醌对SGC-7901与AGS胃癌细胞增殖的影响,划痕实验检测β-拉帕醌抑制胃癌细胞的迁移能力,流式细胞术检测β-拉帕醌诱导胃癌细胞凋亡的作用。应用Western b1ot法检测β-拉帕醌处理胃癌细胞前后其增殖、迁移、上皮-间质转化（ epithe1ia1-mesenchyma1 transition,EMT）及凋亡分子标志物的变化。结果β-拉帕醌可显著抑制SGC-7901和AGS胃癌细胞的增殖能力,并下调增殖与周期相关Skp2和DEK蛋白的表达（ P均<0.05）;经β-拉帕醌处理后,胃癌细胞的迁移能力明显下降,且显著下调MMP-2/9和Ezrin蛋白以及EMT间质标志物的表达,上调EMT上皮标志物表达水平;另外,β-拉帕醌增加胃癌细胞的凋亡,下调BCL-2/Bax比值以及上调活化型Caspase-3/8/9的表达。结论β-拉帕醌对胃癌细胞有明显的抑制增殖及诱导凋亡的作用,并可通过MMPs和EMT途径抑制胃癌细胞的迁移能力。     

N-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Emergency Department: The ICON-RELOADED Study

Background

Contemporary reconsideration of diagnostic N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) cutoffs for diagnosis of heart failure (HF) is needed.

Association of NT-ProBNP,Blood Pressure,and Cardiovascular Events: The ARIC Study

BackgroundAlthough intensive blood pressure reduction has cardiovascular benefits, the absolute benefit is greater in those at higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.ObjectivesThis study examined whether N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) helps identify subjects at higher risk for CVD events across systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), or pulse pressure (PP) categories.MethodsParticipants from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study visit 4 (1996 to 98) were grouped according to SBP, DBP, or PP categories and further stratified by NT-proBNP categories. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for incident CVD (coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, or heart failure hospitalization) and mortality across combined NT-proBNP and/or BP categories, adjusting for CVD risk factors.ResultsThere were 9,309 participants (age: 62.6 ± 5.6 years; 58.3% women) with 2,416 CVD events over a median follow-up of 16.7 years. Within each SBP, DBP, or PP category, a higher category of NT-proBNP (100 to <300 or 300 pg/ml, compared with NT-proBNP <100 pg/ml) was associated with a graded increased risk for CVD events and mortality. Participants with SBP 130 to 139 mm Hg but NT-proBNP ≥300 pg/ml had a hazards ratio of 3.4 for CVD (95% confidence interval: 2.44 to 4.77) compared with a NT-proBNP of <100 pg/ml and SBP of 140 to 149 mm Hg.ConclusionsElevated NT-proBNP is independently associated with CVD and mortality across SBP, DBP, and PP categories and helps identify subjects at the highest risk. Participants with stage 1 hypertension but elevated NT-proBNP had greater cardiovascular risk compared with those with stage 2 SBP but lower NT-proBNP. Future studies are needed to evaluate use of biomarker-based strategies for CVD risk assessment to assist with initiation or intensification of BP treatment.     

Incidence and Outcomes of Pneumonia in Patients With Heart Failure

BackgroundThe incidence of pneumonia and subsequent outcomes has not been compared in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the rate and impact of pneumonia in the PARADIGM-HF (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor With Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure) and PARAGON-HF (Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ARB Global Outcomes in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction) trials.MethodsThe authors analyzed the incidence of investigator-reported pneumonia and the rates of HF hospitalization, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death before and after the occurrence of pneumonia, and estimated risk after the first occurrence of pneumonia in unadjusted and adjusted analyses (the latter including N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide).ResultsIn PARADIGM-HF, 528 patients (6.3%) developed pneumonia after randomization, giving an incidence rate of 29 (95% CI: 27 to 32) per 1,000 patient-years. In PARAGON-HF, 510 patients (10.6%) developed pneumonia, giving an incidence rate of 39 (95% CI: 36 to 42) per 1,000 patient-years. The subsequent risk of all trial outcomes was elevated after the occurrence of pneumonia. In PARADIGM-HF, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the risk of death from any cause was 4.34 (95% CI: 3.73 to 5.05). The corresponding adjusted HR in PARAGON-HF was 3.76 (95% CI: 3.09 to 4.58).ConclusionsThe incidence of pneumonia was high in patients with HF, especially HFpEF, at around 3 times the expected rate. A first episode of pneumonia was associated with 4-fold higher mortality. (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure [PARADIGM-HF], NCT01035255; Prospective Comparison of ARNI [Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor] With ARB [Angiotensin Receptor Blocker] Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction [PARAGON-HF], NCT01920711)     

老年射血分数中间值心力衰竭患者血浆白蛋白与左心室功能的相关性分析

目的探讨在老年射血分数中间值心力衰竭患者中,血浆白蛋白水平与左心室功能的相关性及与30 d再住院率之间的关系,为患者的病情评估及临床治疗提供一定的诊疗依据。方法选取2018年6月～2019年4月入住南充市中心医院老年病科已经确诊为左室射血分数中间值心力衰竭的患者44例,将Alb35 g/L的患者10例设为低蛋白血症组,Alb≥35 g/L的患者34例设为对照组,探讨Alb与B型氨基端利钠肽原前体(NT-proBNP)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左房内径(LAD)、室间隔厚度(IVS)和左室后壁厚度(LVPW)的相关性及与患者30 d再住院率之间的关系。结果在射血分数中间值心力衰竭患者中,Alb与NT-proBNP呈负相关(r~2=0.14,P=0.01),与LVEF(r~2=0.07,P=0.04)、LVFS(r~2=0.09,P=0.04)呈正相关,而与LVEDD、LVESD、LAD、IVS、LVPW无相关性。低蛋白血症组的30 d再住院率明显高于对照组(30.0%vs. 5.9%,P=0.03)。结论在射血分数中间值心力衰竭患者中,Alb与NT-proBNP、LVEF、LVFS存在一定程度的相关性,低蛋白血症在一定程度上会影响左心室功能及患者的近期临床结局。