复方黄芪袋泡饮改善慢性冠脉供血不足的研究

复方黄芪袋泡饮改善慢性冠脉供血不足的研究刘志泉＊陈跃＊李岩飞＊丁煜＊为寻找一种比传统扩血管药物更为有效的中西药复方制剂以改善冠脉血供，降低心绞痛和心肌梗塞的发生率，我们依据中西药理论，结合现代血液流变学和微循环的科研成果，研制了以黄芪、阿司匹林为主要...     

经皮穿刺封堵室间隔膜部缺损的应用解剖

目的:为经皮穿刺室间隔膜部缺损的封堵术提供应用解剖学基础。方法:解剖测量38例(男25.女13)正常成年人的心标本的室间隔膜部及周围结构。结果:室间隔膜部的形态可分为三角型、圆型和椭圆型;各型的出现率分别为58％(22例)、23.7％(9例)和18.3％(7例)。室间隔膜部在左室面的高度为(8.79±2.27)mm。右室面高度为(6.43±1.43)mm。室间隔膜部的长度为(9.37±2.52)mm。室间隔膜部上、下、前、后方和中点的厚度分别为(0.80±0.19)mm、(0.70±0.16)mm、(0.78±0.28)mm、(0.75±0.1 5)mm和(0.52±0.13)mm。结论:室间隔膜部以三角型为主,多位于室上嵴的后缘,膜部的左室面高于右室而和靠近右室面,建议封堵器的左室面的面积应大于右室面。     

Transepithelial Transport of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids Studied in Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cell Monolayers

Transport of ¹⁴C-labeled acetic, propionic (PA), butyric, valeric, heptanoic (HA), and octanoic (OA) acids across the Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cell monolayer grown on a porous polycarbonate membrane was studied in Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) at 37°C in both apical-to-basolateral and basolateral-to-apical directions. At micromolar concentrations of solutes, metabolic decomposition was significant as evidenced by [¹⁴C]CO₂ production during the OA transport. The apparent permeability (Pe) indicates that as lipophilicity increases, diffusion across the unstirred boundary layer becomes rate limiting. In support of this notion, transport of OA and HA was enhanced by agitation, showed an activation energy of 3.7 kcal/mol for OA, and resulted in identical Pe values for both transport directions. Analysis of Pe changes with varying alkyl chain length resulted in a G of –0.68 ± 0.09 kcal/mol for –CH₂-group transfer from an aqueous phase to the MDCK cells. When the intercellular tight junctions were opened by the divalent chelator EGTA in Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ -free HBSS, transport of the fluid-phase marker Lucifer yellow greatly increased because of paracellular leakage. PA transport also showed a significant increase, but OA transport was independent of EGTA. Although albumin also undergoes paracellular transport in the presence of EGTA and OA binds strongly to albumin, OA transport in EGTA solution was unchanged by albumin. These observations indicate that transmembrane transport is the major mechanism for lipophilic substances. The present study, together with earlier work on the transport of polar substances, shows that the MDCK cell monolayer is an excellent model of the transepithelial transport barrier.     

Solute Absorption from the Airways of the Isolated Rat Lung. II. Effect of Surfactants on Absorption of Fluorescein

To determine the effects on the pulmonary barrier of several surface active agents, a series of metered dose inhalers (MDIs) was prepared and used to dose aerosolized surfactant to the airways of isolated perfused rat lungs. The MDIs contained a range of concentrations, from 0.1 to 5.0% (w/w), of either oleic acid, oleyl alcohol, or Span 85, which released 45 µg (0.1%, w/w) to 1660 µg (5.0%, w/w) of surfactant per actuation. The permeability of the pulmonary barrier was assessed by the rate of transfer of disodium fluorescein dosed as 100 µl of aqueous solution (1 mg/ml) after administering the surfactants. Some 12.1 ± 4.7% of the recovered surfactant, per dose, was assessed to reach the pulmonary regions of the lung. All surfactants tested caused an increase in fluorescein transfer rates. A single actuation from the MDI containing 5% (w/w) oleic acid produced gross edema in all lungs tested within 40 min and the first-order half-lives of absorption were reduced almost threefold, from 12.9 ± 2.5 min for controls to 4.5 ± 0.8 min. Differences in absorption were noted between the acid and the alcohol, which is consistent with the hypothesis that both the hydrocarbon chain and the polar head group have roles in the altered permeability to fluorescein. The absorption of fluorescein when dosed from the MDI containing 5% (w/w) Span 85 was increased but all surfactants dosed from the lowest concentration MDI of 0.1% (w/w) did not alter absorption rates of the dye relative to those of controls. Results are discussed in light of current interest in absorption enhancement and the presence of surfactants in currently marketed MDIs.     

癌症患者情绪障碍的治疗可提高免疫力的临床观察祆

目的：探讨癌症患者通过情绪障碍的治疗可使免疫功能改善,有助于提高其它治疗方法。方法：对34例正常人和34例癌症患者分别进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分比较,给予34例癌症患者服药百忧解(盐酸氟西汀)治疗,疗程8周,比较治疗前后HAMD和SCL-90评分的变化及免疫功能的改变。结果：癌症患者的精神和躯体症状与正常人之间存在显著差异,通过抗抑郁药治疗,患者不仅情绪障碍得到改善且免疫球蛋白和T细胞亚群及NK比例均有所提高。结论：癌症患者通过抗抑郁治疗不仅改善情绪障碍且提高免疫能力,使癌症的其它治疗方法取得更好效果。     

脑外伤后脑干组织中血管内皮细胞及血浆蛋白分布改变的免疫？…

目的:探讨脑外伤后脑干组织中血脑屏障和神经细胞的病理学改变.方法:采用免疫组化染色显示人体脑干组织中的血管内皮细胞(CD31)和某些血浆蛋白(白蛋白及 IgM).结果:1.在正常脑干组织中, CD31阳性物呈连续的线条状,围成规则的血管腔,其周围无明显间隙;血浆蛋白位于血管内,未见到血浆/蛋白阳性神经细胞或神经纤维.2.脑外伤后,脑干中的 CD31阳性物呈不规则弯曲的小片段状,围成不规则的血管腔,其周围间隙明显增宽;同时可见到白蛋白及IgM阳性神经细胞和神经纤维.结论:脑外伤后,脑干组织中的血脑屏障受到了破坏,而且神经细胞也有不同程度的损伤.     

精氨酸对肠粘膜屏障功能的影响

目的：了解精氨酸对肠粘膜屏障功能的影响。方法：雄性ＳＤ大鼠３０只,随机分为三组。精氨酸组予精氨酸０．２５ｇ腹腔注射,假手术组和肠梗阻组予生理盐水作对照,１次／ｄ,共５ｄ。再手术将肠梗阻组、精氨酸组大鼠结扎回肠,造成单纯性机械性肠梗阻模型,假手术组仅作剖腹探查。术后２４ｈ处死大鼠采集标本。结果：①细菌移位率和移位数水平肠梗阻组和假手术组相比明显升高,精氨酸组和肠梗阻组相比明显减少。②血浆内毒素水平肠     

多发性硬化病人体内高水平cICAM-1和TNF-α的研究

目的 研究多发性硬化（ＭＳ）免疫异常过程中肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ－α）和循环细胞间粘附分子－１（ｃＩＣＡＭ－１）的变化及与血脑屏障（ＢＢＢ）的相关性。方法 用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）及单项琼脂扩散（ＳＩＲＤ）检测临床确诊为ＭＳ的３１例病人血清及脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中ＴＮＦ－α、ｃＩＣＡＭ－１及白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）比值。结果 ①例ＭＳ虱中Ａｌｂ比值轻度异常８例（２５％）,正常者２３例;ＩｇＧ指数增高（〈     

表皮生长因子对放射性肠炎全肠外营养大鼠谷氨酰胺代谢酶的影响

目的：探讨表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）对接受长期全肠外营养（ＴＰＮ）的放射性肠炎大鼠组织谷氨酰胺代谢酶的影响,方法大鼠皮下注射ＥＧＦ,观察其对大鼠肝,骨骼肌及小肠粘膜组织内谷酰胺酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的变化。结果应用ＥＧＦ后大鼠肝、,骨骼肌肉的谷氨酰胺合成酶及肝、小肠粘膜的谷氨酰胺酶活性,动脉血、小肠和肝谷氨酰胺浓度增加,小肠谷氨酰胺摄取率增加。结论ＥＧＦ显著增加谷氨酰胺代谢酶的活性,增加肠粘膜代谢的主要能