肾综合征出血热患者血清LDH与HBD水平的研究

用速率法检测６８例不同病型肾综合征出血热病人血清ＬＤＨ与ＨＢＤ水平。结果显示：危重型病例血清ＬＤＨ，ＨＢＤ水平高于重型，重型高于中型；危主型中死亡病例高于存活者。提示血清ＬＤＨ，ＨＢＤ的测定有助于判断肾综合征出血热的病情和估计其预后，较之检测ＢＵＮ和Ｂｃｒ更为可信。     

武汉地区老年人群骨质疏松性骨折发病率初步调查

目的：了解武汉地区老年人群骨质疏松性骨折发生率。方法：根据流行病学调查的要求，整体抽样选择常住武汉市区60岁以上的老年居民1764人，现场调查由骨科医生执行，统一质量控制和回收表格，进行统计分析。结果：60岁及以上老年人群各种骨质疏松性骨折总发生率为7．31％。结论：武汉地区老年骨质疏松性骨折发生率低于国内部分地区。     

Application of Monoclonal Antibodies against Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Early Clinical Diagnosis and in Viral Antigen Analysis

Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was employed to detectviral antigens in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from 77 patients withclinically diagnosed epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF). The positive ratewas 50.7%, and it was 64.3% (27/42) for early cases (2nd to 5th day ofdisease). It was found that the earlier and the more severe the cases were,the higher the positive rate was. Three McAbs, 4B9, 4E7 and 3H4 havebeen introduced to IFAT. Five reaction patterns of the three McAbs withviral antigen positive cases were observed. The McAbs showed theirdifferences in respect of positive rate. Combination of McAbs could raisethe positive rate. In the cases of early phase with positive EHFV antigensin the leucocytes, the positive rate of specific IgM in acute phase sera was96.3%. The positive rate and accuracy of EHF early diagnosis could beraised by combined application of detection of the viral antigens andspecific serum IgM in the acute phase.     

湖北省流行性出血热病毒自然宿主的调查

从湖北流行性出血热疫区捕获5种鼠共779只,食虫目动物鼩鼱2只,经间接免疫荧光法检查发现流行性出血热病毒抗原阳性者158只(20.3％),其中黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠和黄胸鼠阳性率分别为21.4％、20.9和15.4％,小家鼠、黑线仓鼠和鼩鼱均为阴性。黑线姬鼠阳性率有随体重增加而上升的趋势;鼠体全年均带毒,尤以9、10、11月较高。褐家鼠未见体重和季节的影响。     

流行性出血热患者心得安治疗前后肾脏B超图象的改变

对108例流行性出血热患者作了肾脏B超图象的研究,其中54例应用普诺洛尔(心得安)治疗,另54例仅作一般对症处理,结果表明心得安治疗组肾肿大程度较对照组为轻,肾锥体和肾盂图象亦较早恢复正常,与临床上肾功能改善基本一致。     

Changing clinical and biological manifestations of dengue during the dengue-2 epidemic in French Polynesia in 1996/97 – description and analysis in a prospective study

In August 1996 dengue-2 virus was detected in French Polynesia for the first time since 1976. A prospective study was conducted from November 1996 to April 1997. Each time one of 7 physicians suspected dengue, the patient was enrolled and epidemiological, clinical and biological data were recorded. Dengue diagnosis was confirmed by virus isolation and IgM detection. The aims of this study were to find clinical and biological predictive factors constituting a specific profile of dengue (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF/DSS) and to assess the possibility of diagnosing dengue at primary health care level using clinical criteria and basic laboratory parameters. Of 298 clinically suspect cases, 196 (66%) were confirmed as dengue. The association of macular rash, pruritis, low platelet count and leukopenia was statistically predictive of dengue but not clinically, since these four signs occur in many other viral infections. As the prevalence of clinical and biological manifestations varied over time in our study, a specific profile useful for dengue diagnosis cannot be defined. With six cases of DHF, the morbidity of this dengue-2 outbreak was very low despite the sequential infection scheme DEN-3/DEN-2. The clinical expression of dengue could depend on a specific virus strain circulating in a specific population in a particular place, with varying virulence over time.     

人口腔粘膜内流行性出血热病毒的胶体金电镜观察

本研究利用免疫胶体金技术在透射电镜下观察了５例重型流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）患者口腔软腭标本于鳞状上皮细胞核旁、粗面内质网中、吞噬溶酶体内、细胞膜表面及细胞间隙内均观察到呈簇状、花环状、线形、串珠样排列或散在的经ＥＨＦ病毒抗体标记的胶体金颗粒，有的胶体金颗粒附着在不同形态的病毒核壳衣表面，有的金颗粒标记在病毒晶格状结构上。而在５例阴性对照片上未见特异性胶体金颗粒。此结果首次证实了口腔鳞状上皮细胞也是ＥＨＦ病毒侵袭的靶细胞。我们的发现给ＥＨＦ病毒在宿主体内提供了一个新的观察研究部位。     

河北省人体肠道寄生虫流行病学调查与研究

采用整群分层等比例随机抽样法,于1989年对河北省人体肠道寄生虫分布及流行因素调查31个县115个点(村)65803人,受检率94.89％。共检出肠道寄生虫22种,感染者27273人,单虫种感染率33.87％,2—5种虫种感染率(％)分别是6.80,0.67,0.10,0.01。对蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫、蛲虫,溶组织内阿米尔,蓝氏贾第虫和人酵母菌等主要虫种的人群和地区分布做了描述,对虫种感染与环境因素关系进行了多因素分析,及对今后本省主要肠道寄生虫感染的防治工作提出了建议。     

流行性出血热病毒的化学裂解和自融现象的观察

通过EHFV化学裂解和自融现象的研究,揭示乙醚所致的化学裂解属纵深裂解而非浅表式的剥离,因此不管分子大小、是峰形还是非峰形所在处管均具有不同程度的血凝素抗原活性;而在自融现象研究中,意外地发现,在4℃这个特定环境温度中,无牛血清病毒液内的病毒颗粒会自发地不断脱落大量包膜蛋白(主要由血凝素抗原加上极小量核衣壳蛋白组成),从而为制造EHFV亚单位提供了最廉价的简易手段.这种不受约束的外膜脱落现象可能是诱发、推动病毒变异的一种主要力量.     

上海甲型肝炎流行因素分析

1988年,上海市区甲型肝炎流行。流行期间随机抽取1830份居民血清,用Abbott酶标试剂检测抗-HAV与抗-HAV IgM,并询问食毛蚶、发病情况。易感人群食毛蚶率达41.46％,食毛蚶者罹患率为32.35％,隐性感染率为5.51％。未食毛蚶人群依次为1.82％、3.13％。显性感染与隐性感染相对危险度分别为17.75和1.76。87.43％的病例与食蚶有关。食蚶量越大,发病率越高,呈剂量效应关系,20～49岁年龄组,食蚶率最高(46％～58％),罹患率亦最高(21％～29％),流行前、后人群易感率分别为35.85％和29.18％,1988年1～2月份出现的3次发病高峰,同3次毛蚶大量供应的日期分别相距30天左右。相当于一个平均潜伏期。1月4日禁止毛蚶出售,40天后发病高峰下降。本次血清流行病学研究表明,该次流行由生食毛蚶所致。