传统入路与椎旁肌间隙入路置入椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰段骨折

背景：胸腰椎骨折治疗上多采用椎弓根螺钉棒系统固定,传统后正中入路广泛剥离椎旁肌,部分患者在治疗后出现腰背疼痛。 目的：观察经椎旁肌间隙入路与传统入路治疗胸腰段骨折的疗效及对多裂肌影响。 方法：选择安徽医科大学附属省立医院骨科2010年6月至2012年6月收治的45例胸腰段骨折患者,依据Denis骨折分型,压缩型骨折11例,爆裂型骨折34例,并且椎管占位小于1/3,后柱均完整,ASIA分级均为E级,无神经症状。随机分为椎旁肌间隙入路21例和传统正中入路24例,比较两组患者围手术期参数及影像学指标,治疗后进行目测类比评分系统评分以及6个月随访腰背痛日本骨科协会(JOA)评分,比较两组治疗前及治疗后1,3,5 d肌酸激酶水平,随访时行多裂肌肌内静息肌电图评估。 结果与结论：治疗后两组在Cobb角恢复上差异无显著性意义,椎旁肌间隙入路组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、肌酸激酶水平及术后目测类比评分低于传统正中入路组,两组比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);6个月随访腰背痛JOA评分椎旁肌间隙入路组低于传统正中入路组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。6个月随访行多裂肌肌电图检查,椎旁肌间隙入路组出现失神经纤颤电位少于传统正中入路组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。结果可见经椎旁肌间隙入路疗效确切,具有创伤小、出血少,手术时间短等优点。     

人线粒体肌酸激酶广泛型亚型的原核表达、抗体制备及其临床应用意义

目的:在大肠杆菌中克隆表达人线粒体肌酸激酶广泛型亚型(uMtCK)的蛋白,免疫家兔制备抗uMtCK的多克隆抗体,检测胃肠肿瘤组织中uMtCK的表达.方法:采用RT-PCR从培养的肿瘤细胞(HeLa细胞)中成功扩增出1 062 bp的uMtCK基因片段,构建重组质粒pQE30-uMtCK,转化大肠杆菌表达酶融合蛋白,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE、Western印迹鉴定及酶活性测定.纯化的uMtCK蛋白免疫家兔制备了抗uMtCK多抗.免疫组化法检测59例胃及直肠肿瘤组织切片中uMtCK的表达.结果:RT-PCR扩增出的片段经酶切鉴定和测序证实为uMtCK的基因;在大肠杆菌M15中实现了高效、可溶性的融合表达.免疫家兔制备的抗uMtCK多抗经Western免疫印迹分析适合作uMtCK的进一步分析.免疫组化检测临床病理标本结果显示,59例胃及直结肠肿瘤标本uMtCK的阳性率为76.5%.结论:成功克隆了人uMtCK的编码基因,并将其在大肠杆菌中成功表达;制备了抗uMtCK多抗,免疫组化检测临床病理标本的结果提示uMtCK有助于胃肠肿瘤的诊断.     

血管内皮生长因子、脑型肌酸激酶同工酶的动态检测在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的意义

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、脑型肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-BB）动态检测在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）中的临床价值。方法:选取HIE患儿（轻度33例、中度27例、重度24例） 84例（HIE组）,均常规胞二磷胆碱及1,6-二磷酸果糖静脉滴注治疗,另选取同期正常足月新生儿52名（对照组）,分别于出生后24 h、72 h和7 d动态检测2组VEGF、CK-BB水平。结果:出生后24 h和72 h,HIE不同程度组患儿VEGF水平均为重度组 > 中度组 > 轻度组,且均明显高于对照组（P < 0.01）;出生后7 d,HIE各组与对照组VEGF水平差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。出生后24 h、72 h和7 d,HIE不同程度组患儿CK-BB水平均为重度组 > 中度组 > 轻度组;出生后24 h和72 h,HIE各组CK-BB水平均明显高于对照组（P < 0.01）;出生后7 d,重度、中度HIE组CK-BB水平均明显高于对照组（P < 0.01）,HIE轻度组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论:HIE患儿VEGF、CK-BB表达水平明显升高,动态检测有助于判断HIE患儿脑损伤程度,对于HIE的诊断、治疗及预后有积极意义。     

急性心肌梗死患者急诊介入治疗后早期ST段回落的随访观察

目的探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)早期ST段回落的预后意义。方法选择2005年5月～2006年5月首次发生STEMI患者62例。根据测量12导联动态心电图结果,将患者分为2组:ST段回落组(34例)和ST段无回落组(28例),随访时间18～24(17±5)个月,比较两组的临床事件及预后。结果ST段的回落主要发生在术后120 min内。与ST段无回落组比较,ST段回落组患者发病至接受PCI的时间、再灌注时间以及发病至肌酸激酶同工酶达峰时间最短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与出院前比较,两组患者LVEF均有改善,其中ST段回落组改善明显。与ST段回落组比较,ST段无回落组的LVEF较低(P<0.05),左心室舒张末期内径增加(P<0.05)。总心脏事件发生率ST段回落组低于ST段无回落组(1.8%vs13.5%,P<0.05)。结论ST段迅速回落近期及远期心脏功能恢复良好,心脏事件发生率低。     

Visual Hallucinations in a Patient with Adult Onset Acid Maltase Deficiency Disorder

A 66-year-old male presented with visual hallucinations. He had chronically elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels without muscle weakness. His hospital course was complicated by hypercapnic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. His hallucinations completely subsided on mechanical ventilation. Elevated CK levels prompted a muscle biopsy, which showed myopathy consistent with acid maltase deficiency disorder (AMDD). This is the first reported case of adult onset AMDD presenting with psychiatric symptoms. Our objective in reporting this case is to encourage early recognition of neuromuscular respiratory failure in AMDD and to reinforce that respiratory failure may develop without associated extremity muscle weakness.     

A Convergent Functional Genomics Analysis to Identify Biological Regulators Mediating Effects of Creatine Supplementation

Creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr) are physiologically essential molecules for life, given they serve as rapid and localized support of energy- and mechanical-dependent processes. This evolutionary advantage is based on the action of creatine kinase (CK) isozymes that connect places of ATP synthesis with sites of ATP consumption (the CK/PCr system). Supplementation with creatine monohydrate (CrM) can enhance this system, resulting in well-known ergogenic effects and potential health or therapeutic benefits. In spite of our vast knowledge about these molecules, no integrative analysis of molecular mechanisms under a systems biology approach has been performed to date; thus, we aimed to perform for the first time a convergent functional genomics analysis to identify biological regulators mediating the effects of Cr supplementation in health and disease. A total of 35 differentially expressed genes were analyzed. We identified top-ranked pathways and biological processes mediating the effects of Cr supplementation. The impact of CrM on miRNAs merits more research. We also cautiously suggest two dose–response functional pathways (kinase- and ubiquitin-driven) for the regulation of the Cr uptake. Our functional enrichment analysis, the knowledge-based pathway reconstruction, and the identification of hub nodes provide meaningful information for future studies. This work contributes to a better understanding of the well-reported benefits of Cr in sports and its potential in health and disease conditions, although further clinical research is needed to validate the proposed mechanisms.     

Methamphetamine abuse and rhabdomyolysis in the ED: a 5-year study

Patients with methamphetamine toxicity are presenting in greater numbers each year to emergency departments (ED) in the US. These patients are frequently agitated, violent, and often require physical and chemical restraint. The incidence and risk of rhabdomyolysis in this subpopulation is unknown. We conducted a 5-year retrospective review of all ED patients who received the final diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Patients with toxicology screens positive for methamphetamine were identified, and demographics, laboratory results, resource utilization, disposition, and outcome were compared to the remaining patients. Of the total 367 patients identified, 166 (43%) were toxicology positive for methamphetamine. Methamphetamine patients differed significantly from nonmethamphetamine patients with regard to demographics and hospital utilization. Methamphetamine patients had significantly higher mean initial creatine phosphokinase (CK), 12,439 U/L versus 5,678 U/L (P = 0.02), and lower mean peak CK, 16,827 U/L versus 19,426 U/L (P = 0.03). The development of acute renal failure was not significantly different between the 2 groups. There were 16 total deaths in the study population, 11 from concomitant infection/sepsis. An association between methamphetamine abuse and rhabdomyolysis may exist, and CK should be measured in the ED as a screen for potential muscle injury in this subpopulation. Patients with rhabdomyolysis with an unclear cause should be screened for methamphetamine or other illicit drugs.     

Atorvastatin increases blood ratios of vitamin E/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coenzyme Q10/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic patients

Statins are among the most widely used drugs in the management of hypercholesterolemia. In addition to inhibiting endogenous cholesterol synthesis, however, statins decrease coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) synthesis. CoQ10 has been reported to have antioxidant properties, and administration of drugs that decrease CoQ10 synthesis might lead to increased oxidative stress in vivo. Our present study examined the hypothesis that atorvastatin increased oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic patients due to its inhibition of CoQ10 synthesis. We investigated the effects of atorvastatin (10 mg/d) administration for 5 months on lowering hypercholesterolemia and blood antioxidant status. The study population included 19 hypercholesterolemic outpatients. Blood levels of lipid and antioxidant markers, consisting of vitamin C, vitamin E, CoQ10, and glutathione (GSH), and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were examined pre- and postadministration of atorvastatin. Atorvastatin administration resulted in a significant decrease in blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, vitamin E, and CoQ10 (P < .05); however, a significant increase in the ratios of vitamin E/LDL cholesterol and CoQ10/LDL cholesterol was noted (P < .05). Atorvastatin had no significant effect on red blood cell (RBC) level of GSH and urinary 8-OHdG. The present study provides evidence that atorvastatin exerts a hypocholesterolemic effect, but on the basis of the urinary level of 8-OHdG and the blood ratios of vitamin E/LDL cholesterol and CoQ10/LDL cholesterol, has no oxidative stress-inducing effect.