Endocrine Cells in a Normal Breast and Non-cancerous Breast Lesion

The authors confirmed the presence of endocrine cells for the first time in a normal breast as well as in a non cancerous lesion of the breast. One hundred and eighty eight blocks of normal breast tissues in 44 cases and 74 blocks of non cancerous lesions in 35 cases were examined. Argyrophil cells were found in one block from a normal breast and in one block from a phyllodes tumor. Argyrophil cells in the normal breast showed positive reaction to anti-endocrine granule constituent (EGC) antibody with immunohistochemical method. Argyrophil cells found in the phyllodes tumor gave positive reaction to both anti EGC and anti-serotonin antibodies. The present study is thought to be the first report in the literature of serotonin-positive cells in a non-cancerous breast lesion, a phyllodes tumor. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 874-878, 1991.     

脑康复冲剂对大鼠软脑膜微循环作用的实验研究

目的：脑康复冲剂临床用于治疗脑血栓血瘀证患者，本实验观察其对在大鼠实验性软脑膜微循环障碍的影响。方法：大鼠预防性给药，用高分子右旋糖酐水溶液静脉注射形成大鼠软脑膜的微循环障碍，观察脑康复冲剂对大鼠微循环的影响。结果：用高分子右旋糖酐造模后，大鼠软脑膜的微循环发生障碍，表现为血液流速减慢、血细胞聚集等，脑康复冲剂组血流速度开始减慢的时间明显比生理盐水对照组延长，且分级数也明显优于生理盐水组，对高分子右旋糖酐造成的血液流态障碍，脑康复组明显好于生理盐水组（P＜0．05），毛细血管网交叉点数开始减少的时间也比生理盐水对照组延长，差异显著（P＜0．01）。结论：脑康复冲剂使大鼠血流速度和血液流态得到改善，具有预防和改善动物脑微循环障碍的作用。     

Changes in element concentrations induced by agonist in pig pancreatic acinar cells

 Changes in electrolytes of pig pancreatic acinar cells following application of gastrin-cholecystokinin (CCK) were investigated using the technique of X-ray microanalysis of hydrated and dehydrated sections of freshly frozen pancreas. After stimulation by CCK (10^–9 M), Na and Cl increased significantly in the cytoplasm [Na, from 10 mmol/kg wet wt. (48 mmol/kg dry wt.) to 19 mmol/kg (95 mmol/kg); Cl, from 22 mmol/kg (105 mmol/kg) to 49 mmol/kg (245 mmol/kg)] as well as in the luminal interspace [Na, from 53 mmol/kg (189 mmol/kg) to 65 mmol/kg (283 mmol/kg); Cl, from 65 mmol/kg (232 mmol/kg) to 102 mmol/kg (443 mmol/kg)]. In the secretory granules Cl increased significantly from 30 mmol/kg (86 mmol/kg) to 67 mmol/kg (203 mmol/kg). K decreased significantly from 120 mmol/kg (571 mmol/kg) to 81 mmol/kg (405 mmol/kg) in the cytoplasm, while both increased from 38 mmol/kg (109 mmol/kg) to 58 mmol/kg (176 mmol/kg) in the granules and from 46 mmol/kg (164 mmol/kg) to 48 mmol/kg (209 mmol/kg) in the luminal interspace. Ca increased significantly in the cytoplasm as well as in the luminal interspace, and decreased significantly in the secretory granules. CCK evoked Ca release from secretory granules in the secretory pole of acinar cells. The values were measured from dehydrated sections, and agreed well with those from hydrated sections. The effect of furosemide, an inhibitor of the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^–co-transporter, on the ion transport of acinar cell was studied. When furosemide (10^–5 M) was added to the external solution, the cytoplasmic Cl and Ca concentrations decreased significantly, while there was a little decrease in Na and K concentrations under the secretory condition. These results indicate that Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl^–co-transport, and Na⁺, Cl^–and K⁺ exits into the lumen are involved in the mechanism of ion secretion in pig pancreatic acinar cells. Received: 17 January 1996 / Accepted: 12 March 1996     

益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘大鼠的治疗作用及机制

目的：探讨益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘(STC)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。方法：采用盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立STC大鼠模型,设定正常组、模型组、莫沙必利组、益气活血通便方低、中、高剂量组(3.51、7.02、14.04 g·kg^-1)给药后观察各组大鼠一般体征变化、计算粪便含水率及肠道推进率;采用苏木素-伊红染色观察结肠组织黏膜炎症改变;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测各组大鼠结肠P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量;采用免疫组织化学法和蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠结肠组织水通道蛋白(AQP)3、AQP4、AQP8和c-Kit蛋白灰度值,通过16S r RNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群变化。结果：经过益气活血通便方给药治疗10 d后,与模型组比较,益气活血通便方不同剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠的粪便含水率和肠道推进率均显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠结肠无明显黏膜炎症改变,杯状细胞排列较规整无断裂、数量较多。益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组血清中SP含量明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),VIP明显降低(P&...     

血瘀证与血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度关系的实验研究

目的：研究血瘀证与血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度的关系,观察不同复方（活血化瘀复方、益气活血复方、理气活血复方）对血内皮细胞内游离钙浓度的影响。方法：以大鼠为研究对象,给予高胆固醇和高脂饲料喂养建立血瘀证动物模型,分为6组,观察组分别给予硝苯地平、活血化瘀复方、益气活血复方、理气活血复方。下腔静脉取血,测血清钙、血清总胆固醇和三酰甘油,Fura-2/Am标记,荧光测定血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度。结果：①造模组与对照比较,血清钙明显升高（P＜0．05）。②所有复方均具有钙通道阻断剂样作用,能增加细胞外钙浓度,与造模组比较差异显著（P＜0．05）。③造模组与对照组比较,胞内游离钙浓度明显升高（P＜0．05）,益气活血复方能使造模运动血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度降低,与造模组比较差异显著（P＜0．05）。结论：①血瘀证血管内皮细胞内游离钙浓度升高,血瘀证的形成可能与血管内皮细胞的屏障功能下降有关。②益气活血复方能降低胞内游离钙浓度,具有血管内皮保护作用。     

比色法测定复方虫草颗粒中甘露醇的含量

目的 研究比色法测定复方虫草颗粒中甘露醇的含量,建立一种准确、可行的含量测定方法。方法 在供试品中依次分别加入氧化剂高碘酸钾、L－鼠李糖与Nash试剂,53℃水浴加热15min使呈色,在412nm处测定吸光度,用比法测定其中甘露醇的含量。结果 在10－50μg/mL范围内对3种不同批号样品在实验条件下测定,其平均含量为1．27％,本法平均回收率为100．3％,RSD为0．83％（n＝5）结论 可作为复方虫草颗粒中甘露醇含量测定有有关质量控制的一种简便、准确和快速的方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定辛芩颗粒中黄芩甙的含量

目的：建立辛芩颗粒中黄芩甙的HPLC含量测定方法。方法：用NoVa-Pak C18柱,流动相为甲醇－水－磷酸（45：55：0．2）,在280nm波长处检测。结果：线性范围为0．1793μg-1.076μg。黄芩甙的平均加样回收率为100．94％,RSD为0．46%(n=5)。结论：方法简便、快速、精密度和稳定性, 合于辛芩颗粒生产的质量控制。