米非司酮在子宫切口瘢痕妊娠(CSP)治疗中的独立效果

目的 分析临床治疗子宫切口瘢痕妊娠(CSP)时独立应用米非司酮的效果.方法 整理2008年12月～2011年12月间CSP患者资料,从中选取临床治疗中独立应用米非司酮的病例10例,统计其用药前后的检测的HCG(血绒毛膜促性腺激素)含量,以探讨其独立药效.结果 HCG检测含量减小的病例有6例,占比60％,其中给予负压吸引术后应用米非司酮的病例有4例,占比100％,HCG检测含量均显著减小；给予氨甲喋呤化疗后应用米非司酮的病例有3例,占比30％,HCC检测含量减小的病例有1例,占比33.3％；直接应用米非司酮的病例有3例,占比30％,HCG检测含量减小的病例有1例,占比33.3％,不同应用方法间存在差异性,(P＜0.05).结论 在给予负压吸引术后应用米非司酮药效良好；在给予氨甲喋呤化疗后应用米非司酮药效一般；整个疗程中直接应用米非司酮药效一般.     

Asymptomatic Uterine Torsion in a Pregnant Woman

Some degree rotation of the gravid uterus in the third trimester of pregnancy is not an abnormal finding. However, extreme uterine torsion of 180° around its cervical junction is a relatively rare event in obstetrical practice. We report here such a case that detected at laparotomy for an emergency cesarean section due to rapture of amniotic membrane.     

伴原发不孕症的子宫腺肉瘤临床病理分析

目的：探讨伴原发性不孕症的子宫腺肉瘤临床病理特点及误诊分析。方法观察分析2例伴原发不孕症的子宫腺肉瘤临床表现、病理特点。结果患者年龄分别为29岁和31岁，主要表现为不规则子宫出血及宫腔占位；组织学特征为良性子宫内膜腺体伴肉瘤性间质，其中1例合并有高级别子宫内膜间质肉瘤，另1例伴肉瘤成分过度生长。2例均采用全子宫＋双侧附件＋盆腔淋巴结清扫治疗，术后在随访中。结论子宫腺肉瘤常发生于中老年妇女，伴原发性不孕症的病例尚未见报道。作者认为，不孕症的原因除与宫腔占位有关外，下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的协调功能紊乱与不孕症和腺肉瘤的发生相关。     

影响药物流产失败的相关因素调查

目的对药物流产失败的相关因素进行调查和分析，旨在为提高药物流产的成功率提供进一步的指导依据。方法对我所诊治的1800例行药物流产的患者根据年龄、孕龄、孕囊直径、子宫位置、有无剖宫产史进行分组比较各组的流产失败率。结果本组入选的1800例药物流产患者中，发生药物流产失败者共142例，流产失败率为7．89％。其中年龄≥35岁，孕龄〉42d，孕囊直径≥20mm，子宫处于后倾、前倾及后屈位以及有剖宫产史组患者的流产失败率明显高于相应的对照指标组（P〈0．05）。结论重视孕妇的年龄、孕龄、既往分娩方式、子宫位置、孕囊大小等相关影响药物流产失败的因素，才更有利于降低药物流产的失败率。     

宫颈环扎术并发症

宫颈环扎术是治疗宫颈机能不全的唯一有效方法,其并发症发生率低,相关报道少,严重并发症罕见。最常见的并发症包括胎膜早破、绒毛膜羊膜炎、子宫内膜炎、围手术期出血、宫颈裂伤、环扎线或环扎带移位等,少见的并发症有膀胱宫颈瘘、输尿管宫颈瘘等,经阴道环扎的并发症较经腹环扎多。并发症的发生率因宫颈环扎的时机及适应证的不同而异。并发症常随孕周的增加及宫颈的扩张而增多,当胎膜破裂或宫颈扩张时行环扎术会增加并发症的发生风险。故应严格掌握适应证与禁忌证,选择适合的手术时机。已证明宫颈环扎的穿刺点和环扎带的位置直接影响妊娠结局,环扎带越接近宫颈内口效果越好。宫颈环扎后一般要限制体力活动,适当卧床休息,若子宫的敏感性增高给予孕酮和保胎药物,有感染病史及感染迹象者给予抗生素,重视阴道感染的筛查与治疗,密切监测母胎情况,关注宫颈环扎可能出现的并发症。开腹或腹腔镜环扎需剖宫产分娩,如有产兆,应即刻施术,避免发生宫颈裂伤或子宫破裂。     

基质金属蛋白酶9在宫颈柱状上皮异位及宫颈上皮内瘤变中不同表达的研究

目的 通过研究基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）在宫颈柱状上皮异位、正常光滑宫颈及宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）组织中的不同表达,探讨三者癌变几率的不同及治疗的必要性.方法 对2007-2012年收治的30例宫颈柱状上皮异位、28例CIN、30例正常光滑宫颈组织石蜡标本,应用免疫组织化学方法检测MMP-9的表达.结果 宫颈柱状上皮异位组织MMP-9表达总阳性率23.3％（7/30）,正常光滑宫颈组织MMP-9表达总阳性率20.0％（6/30）,CIN组织MMP-9表达总阳性率96.4％（27/28）.宫颈柱状上皮异位组织和正常光滑宫颈组织MMP-9表达总阳性率均显著低于CIN组织,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,而宫颈柱状上皮异位组织与正常光滑宫颈组织MMP-9表达总阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 宫颈柱状上皮异位是一种生理表现,不应过度治疗.但生育年龄妇女应定期进行宫颈癌筛查.     

Impact of Myomas on the Results of Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium

Study ObjectiveTo investigate long-term hysterectomy rates after transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) performed by experienced surgeons in the presence and absence of intracavitary myomas.DesignMulticenter case-control study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).PatientsThe study group comprised 456 women with myomas who met the inclusion criteria, and of these, 82 (17.98%) later underwent hysterectomy. The control group comprised 1438 women without myomas, and of these, 284 (19.75%) later underwent hysterectomy.MethodsFrom 2001 to 2004, standardized results were extracted from Hyskobase on the basis of a total of 1894 women aged 23 to 59 years. The women were identified as having or not having myomas, and data from both groups were statistically analyzed. Detailed information on myoma size and intramural involvement (type 0, 1, and 2) was collected.Measurements and Main ResultsAfter TCRE, women with type 2 myomas, compared with those with type 0 myomas, were found to have a significantly higher risk of undergoing hysterectomy (p = .04), and women, including controls, with myomas >3.6 cm in greatest diameter were found to have a significantly higher risk of undergoing hysterectomy than were those with smaller myomas (p = .01). There was no statistically significant difference in risk of hysterectomy between type 0 and type 1 myomas or between type 1 and type 2 myomas. When hysterectomy rates between the myoma and control groups were compared, there was an increased risk of hysterectomy in the control group (p = .008). Multiple-step multivariate regression analysis of uterine and procedural characteristics of TCRE demonstrated that factors that were positive predictors of hysterectomy within 66 months after resection were younger age, inaccessible uterine corners, enlarged uterus, and pretreatment using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists.ConclusionWhen performing TCRE in women with intracavitary myomas, the chance of treatment success is worsened if they are of type 2 or their diameter is >3.5 cm. In addition, younger age increases the risk of hysterectomy and the need for pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, or if the uterus is enlarged or the uterine corners are difficult to access during the procedure.