Effects of Approach and Avoid Mindsets on Performance, Self-regulatory Cognition, and Affect in a Multi-task Environment

Despite numerous studies of approach- and avoidant mindsets, relatively little research has addressed the impact of such motivational orientations on performance and emotion in a real-time, multi-task setting. A laboratory simulation is reported that examines the influence of an induced approach-centered, an avoidance-centered, and a “neutral” motivational mindset upon multiple aspects of task performance, self-regulatory cognition, and affect. Undergraduate females randomly assigned to one of three mindset conditions performed a simulated automobile drive across one practice and two experimental trials. Dependent measures included divided attention, behavioral indicators of driving “cautiousness” in relatively safe straight roadway sections as well as during more risk-filled driving, multiple aspects of self-regulatory thinking (including self-monitoring, intended effort, and self-administered consequences), and positive and negative affect. Results revealed that the avoidant mindset produced poorer executive attention (i.e., fewer correctly detected divided attention events), more “cautious” driving behavior and reduced performance variability (i.e., greater control) when driving on presumably safe, straight roadway sections, lower self-reports of intended effort, and greater negative affect relative to the approach mindset. Results are intepreted within a self-regulation-centered motivational framework. Implications of the multi-task simulation for the study of normal and disordered adjustment are considered.     

眼眶内下壁爆裂性骨折整体修复29例

目的探讨眼眶内下壁骨折整体修复手术方法。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象29例(29眼)眼眶内下壁骨折患者。方法对29例眼眶内下壁爆裂性骨折者采用整体羟基磷灰石复合人工骨(HA)修复。对比观察手术前后眼球突出度、复视程度,眼眶CT观察术后骨折修复情况。主要指标眼球突出度,复视程度。眼眶CT影像。结果29例眼眶内下壁骨折整体修复术中,加例眼球内陷全部矫正,9例欠矫1～2mm,4例术后复视未完全缓解。结论眼眶内下壁骨折整体修复是一种眼眶骨折修复的新方法,效果好,并发症少。(眼科,2006,15：348-350)     

组织工程用外科植入物-高分子材料的加工、改性及应用

介绍了组织工程用外科植入物-生物医用高分子材料基本情况．重点从三个方面介绍了我们的工作，首先我们合成了三种可降解材料：聚羟基烷酸酯、两亲性聚氯酯弹性体、可注射性水凝胶．利用各种方法制造了多种复杂形状的组织工程支架，并对医用支架材料表面进行了改性。     

医疗设备维修管理之团队建设

通过我院设备科设备维修队伍的团队建设,说明团队建设在设备维修管理中的重要性。     

清热解毒液雾化吸入防治留置胃管致咽喉部不适的疗效观察

目的观察清热解毒液(中药制剂)雾化吸入对防治留置胃管致咽喉部疼痛、痰多等不适的效果。方法将80例需要留置胃管的胃肠减压的病人随机分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组按常规的方法进行护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上加用20毫升清热解毒液雾化吸入,每日2次,持续到拔除胃管。结果观察组病人的咽喉部痰量明显比对照组少(χ2=9.0383,P<0.005);观察组病人咽喉部疼痛明显比对照组少而且轻(χ2=19.5267,P<0.005),时间还推后。结论清热解毒液雾化吸入能有效预防及减轻留置胃管致咽喉部的疼痛、咽燥、痰多等不适。     

试论加强国际合作与促进我国医学伦理学教育的发展

原北京医科大学(现为北京大学医学部)从20世纪90年代初开始,积极寻求与美国中华医学基金会的合作以促进医学伦理学的学科发展和国际化水平的提高。十几年来,北京大学医学部作为基地和依托极大地支持和引领了我国医学伦理学的教学改革与发展,增强了相关人员的医学伦理意识以及医学伦理学理论对实践的指导作用,促进了伦理学知识和能力的培训,提升了我国生物医学科研伦理的实力,奠定了医学伦理学继续教育的基础,使医学伦理学实现了系统性和跨越式的发展。     

构建数字化、可视化教学平台实现妇产科学教学手段多元化

介绍了构建数字化、可视化教学平台,实现妇产科教学手段多元化的做法。内容包括多媒体课件开发制作,利用医学视听教材,建设妇产科图片数据库,建设妇产科标本库(馆),利用模型、模块进行模拟操作,加强实践技能培养和通过临床见习、实习将理论应用于实践等问题。     

医学摄影用光

根据医学摄影不同拍摄对象,结合各种光源特点,介绍了用光的一般方法和掌握的基本原则,对物体的反光控制、透明物体内部结构与质感的表现等难点问题进行了研讨,并对荧光摄影作了简要介绍。     

Evaluation of Training Course Effects on Integrated Sexual and Reproductive Health Counseling

Since the International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo in 1994, and the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995, the international organizations and public health communities have paid more attention to reproductiv…     

论我国医患冲突成因及和谐关系构建

目前我国医患之间的矛盾与冲突，实质上是新时期我国社会矛盾在卫生工作中的具体表现，反映了社会群体在经济状况、价值取向、角色意识、道德水平、法律法规等多方面的矛盾与冲突。和谐医患关系应是构建我国和谐社会的内容之一。和谐医患关系的构建需要完善的社会医疗保障体系建立、国家卫生行政管理加大、财政补偿合理投入、医疗服务质量提高、医学知识教育普及与提高、媒体理性传播、社会大众道德控制水平提升，法律法规完善等全方位的努力，有赖于医事主体双方及全社会的关注与通力改善。