IL-13对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注时IL-1β表达的影响

目的:观察IL-13对急性肾缺血再灌注时IL-1β表达的影响。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠57只,随机分为8组:正常组(normal);假手术组(sham);缺血组:(I)缺血再灌注组(I/R);治疗对照组-1(C-1);治疗对照组-2(C-2);治疗组-1(T-1)和治疗组-2(T-2)。阻断大鼠双侧肾脏血流45min再灌注24h建立急性肾缺血再灌注模型;治疗组分别于阻断血流前、后分别从双侧肾动脉开口注射入1.5μg/50gbw鼠重组白细胞介素13(rmIL-13);检测各组大鼠IL-1β血清水平和肾脏表达,以及肾功能和肾脏病理。结果:(1)治疗组肾脏IL-1β基因(TtoC:P＜0.01)和蛋白表达(T-1toC-1:P＜0.01;T-2toC-2:P＜0.05)明显减少,血清IL-1β水平明显下降;(2)肾功能障碍和肾组织病理变化明显减轻,肾小管损害评分减少(C-1toT-1:45.20±8.64to21.05±8.82,P＜0.01;C-2toT-2:42.25±11.15to23.25±7.31,P＜0.01);(3)血清IL-1β水平与BUN、Cr成正相关(r=0.708,P＜0.01;r=0.770,P＜0.01)。结论:IL-13能有效地抑制大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤IL-1β的表达。     

A phage display system for detection of T cell receptor-antigen interactions

The process of T cell recognition involves a complex set of interactions between the various components of the TCR/MHC/peptide trimolecular complex. We have developed a system for exploring the specific binding interactions contributed by the constituent subunits of TCR complexes for components of their ligands. We utilized an M13 phage display system, designed for multivalent receptor display, to explore specific binding interactions between various TCRα chains and specific antigen in the absence of MHC. The multivalent TCR-phage display system was sensitive enough to reveal some TCRα chains capable of binding directly to antigen with the same fine specificity shown by the MHC-restricted T cells from which the α chains were derived. Cross-specificity analysis using two antigen-binding TCRα chains derived from T cells with different polypeptide antigen specificities confirmed the fidelity of this binding. In mixtures of antigen-binding and non-binding TCRα-displaying phage, specific selection was achieved at a starting frequency of 1/1000, suggesting that this system can be employed for selection and analysis of TCR-displaying phage libraries. While the binding specificities exhibited by these TCRs are unusual, they provide a novel perspective from which to study the specific binding interactions that constitute TCR antigen binding.     

基质金属蛋白酶-2、3及其组织抑制剂TIMP-1在子宫内膜异位症中的表达

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2、MMP-3)及其抑制剂(TIMP-1)在子宫内膜异位症发生及发展中的作用.方法采用免疫组化SP法分别测定MMP-2、MMP-3 、TIMP-1在卵巢子宫内膜异位症异位内膜60例(A组),子宫腺肌症异位内膜40例(B组),子宫肌瘤子宫内膜30例(对照组C)的表达强度.结果 A、B组中MMP-2、MMP-3的表达强度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)而TIMP-1的表达明显低于对照组(P<0.05);A、B组间MMP-2、MMP-3 、TIMP-1 的表达无明显差异(P>0.05).结论在子宫内膜异位症中MMP-2、MMP-3的过度表达及TIMP-1的低表达可能与内异症的发生与发展有关.     

人巨细胞病毒感染对体外培养肺成纤维细胞中明胶酶的影响

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染对体外培养肺成纤维细胞（HEL）中明胶酶活性的影响。方法体外培养HEL细胞感染HCMV，分为低感染复数（MOI）组及高MOI组，每组重复6例。明胶酶谱法检测HEL细胞中MMP-2及MMP-9的明胶酶活性，用半定量RT-PCR检测各组HEL细胞中MMP-9及TIMP-1的转录水平。结果在低MOI组及高MOI组HEL细胞中MMP-9及MMP-2活性均增强（P〈0．05），高MOI组MMP-9及MMP-2活性较低MOI组显著增加（P〈0．05）。进一步检查MMP-9及TIMP-1的mRNA水平发现，正常对照组HEL细胞中MMP-9及TIMP-1的mRNA处于一个较低的水平，HCMV感染使HEL细胞中MMP-9及TIMP-1的mRNA水平均明显升高（P〈0．05），低MOI组和高MOI组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。在低MOI组及高MOI组，HEL细胞MMP-9／TIMP-1的比值和正常对照组相比明显升高（P〈0．05），表明MMP-9升高更为显著。高MOI组和低MOI组中MMP-9／TIMP-1的比值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论HCMV感染可以造成MMP-9和TIMP-1转录和MMP-9／TIMP-1的失衡，同时造成MMP-9及MMP-2明胶酶活性增强，导致肺泡结构的破坏和肺纤维化的发生，这在CMV肺炎的发病机制中起着重要的作用。     

Mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier (citrin) deficiency as the cause of adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (NICCD)

 By using homozygosity mapping and positional cloning, we have shown that adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2) is caused by mutations of the SLC25A13 gene, which is localized on chromosome 7q21.3 and encodes a mitochondrial solute carrier protein named citrin. So far, we have reported nine mutations, most of which cause loss of citrin, and we have established several methods for DNA diagnosis. These methods have shown that more than 90% of the patients diagnosed as suffering from CTLN2 by enzymatic analysis carry SLC25A13 mutations in both alleles, indicating that CTLN2 is caused by citrin deficiency. Furthermore, by using the same DNA diagnosis methods, we discovered that 70 neonates or infants suffering from a particular type of neonatal hepatitis carry the same SLC25A13 mutations. Since the symptoms of the neonates are different from those of the more severe CTLN2 and usually ameliorate without special treatment, we designated the neonatal disease neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD). We conclude that citrin deficiency causes NICCD in neonates and CTLN2 in adults through the additional effects of genetic or environmental modifiers. Since the function of citrin, together with that of an isoform, aralar, was found to be as a mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier, the various symptoms of NICCD and CTLN2 may be understood as caused by defective aspartate export from the mitochondria to the cytosol and defects in the malate aspartate shuttle. It is, however, still difficult to understand the cause of the hepatic deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase protein in CTLN2. Received: March 20, 2002 / Accepted: March 28, 2002     

Specific immunotherapy prevents increased levels of allergen-specific IL-4- and IL-13-producing cells during pollen season

BACKGROUND: Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is effective for treatment of IgE-mediated diseases: however, the mechanisms of action still remain unclear. Earlier, we showed that IL-4 and IL-13 are produced in response to specific allergens. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these cytokine responses were affected by allergen SIT, and, furthermore, to evaluate the effect of SIT on allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 levels. METHODS: Blood samples from pollen-sensitized individuals were collected before the pollen season (before treatment) and during the pollen season (after SIT or placebo treatment). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were activated in vitro with allergens and the numbers of IL-4-, IL-13-, IL-10-, and IFN-gamma-producing cells were determined by ELISPOT. Serum levels of allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 were measured by RAST and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: The numbers of IL-4- and IL-13-producing cells were shown to be increased in the placebo group during the pollen season, an increment which was absent in patients receiving allergen SIT. We found an increase in allergen-specific IgG4 in the SIT-treated individuals, but not in the placebo group. Both groups displayed elevated specific IgE levels during the pollen season. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data show a downregulation of IL-4- and IL-13-producing cells in peripheral blood after SIT, suggesting induction of nonresponsiveness/tolerance or a redistribution of these cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SIT acts on antibody production by increasing the specific IgG4 levels.     

糖尿病肾病肾组织中基质金属蛋白酶-9表达的定量分析

目的对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠模型的肾组织中的基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达进行定量研究。方法取成年健康SD大鼠20只,随机分成糖尿病组(DM组)和正常对照组(NC组),DM组大鼠采用一次性腹腔内注射STZ诱导制造糖尿病大鼠模型。分别于造模后第4、8周行HE染色,在光镜下观察肾小球大小和肾小球内细胞数目的变化。通过免疫组织化学方法观察肾脏局部MMP-9的表达,以MMP-9平均光密度做为观察指标。结果HE染色:DM组8周时见肾小球体积增大,肾小球内系膜区增宽.细胞核数目增加。免疫组织化学:DM组大鼠肾脏MMP-9的表达明显低于正常大鼠(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病肾病时MMP-9表达水平降低,可能是引起肾小球细胞外基质积聚和降解减少的重要原因之一。     

HIF-1α和MMP-2在大鼠脑出血灶周脑组织中的表达

目的：通过动态观察脑出血灶周脑组织中缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α和基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2的表达，探讨HIF-1α和MMP-2表达之间的联系。方法：50只SD大鼠随机分成假手术组和脑出血模型组，分别于术后6 h，24 h，72 h，7 d，21 d处死大鼠。RT-PCR方法检测脑出血灶周组织HIF-1α和MMP-2 mRNA的表达及免疫组织化学方法检测HIF-1α和MMP-2蛋白的表达，并对HIF-1α和MMP-2的表达进行相关分析。结果：模型组术后灶周组织出现HIF-1α, MMP-2 mRNA表达上调和大量黄色的HIF-1α，MMP-2蛋白阳性细胞，于24~72 h达高峰。HIF-1α mRNA及其蛋白表达分别与MMP-2 mRNA及其蛋白表达呈正相关(分别r=0.588, P=0.002; r=0.765, P＜0.001)。结论：脑出血灶周脑组织中HIF-1α和MMP-2的表达上调，且HIF-1α可能调控MMP-2的表达。